{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204078658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","title":"Students\u2019 Creative Learning Engagement with AI Painting Tools: A Technology Acceptance and Learning Experience Perspective","display_name":"Students\u2019 Creative Learning Engagement with AI Painting Tools: A Technology Acceptance and Learning Experience Perspective","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204078658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227937","display_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","issn_l":"2119-0275","issn":["2119-0275"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311132","host_organization_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Advanced Electromagnetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147956773","display_name":"Q. H. Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282376","display_name":"Beihai University of Art and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05revp659","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405282376"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Q. H. Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihai University of Art and Design"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihai University of Art and Design","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405282376"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147981069","display_name":"W. Han","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282376","display_name":"Beihai University of Art and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05revp659","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405282376"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihai University of Art and Design"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihai University of Art and Design","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405282376"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147173677","display_name":"P. Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159152","display_name":"Tongling University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kqvjg13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159152"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongling University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongling University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147993645","display_name":"R. Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279208","display_name":"Nanning University","ror":"https://ror.org/014qwcd09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405279208"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanning University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanning University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279208"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148013975","display_name":"G. Song","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279208","display_name":"Nanning University","ror":"https://ror.org/014qwcd09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405279208"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanning University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanning University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279208"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"10221","last_page":"10228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.6474999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.6474999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14254","display_name":"Digital Media and Visual Art","score":0.14149999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.07729999721050262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-acceptance","display_name":"technology acceptance","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-usefulness","display_name":"perceived usefulness","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-ease-of-use","display_name":"perceived ease of use","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-support","display_name":"teacher support","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-experience","display_name":"flow experience","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-satisfaction","display_name":"learning satisfaction","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-agency","display_name":"student agency","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.5180000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6639000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.5220999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.5213000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.44670000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776185967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112945","display_name":"Technology acceptance model","level":3,"score":0.373199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205783811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11629","display_name":"Painting","level":2,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59364581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747810","display_name":"Questionnaire","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138020889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2349659","display_name":"Collaborative learning","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.25870001316070557}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227937","display_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","issn_l":"2119-0275","issn":["2119-0275"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311132","host_organization_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Advanced Electromagnetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.aemjournal.org:article/4224","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.aemjournal.org/index.php/AEM/article/view/4224","pdf_url":"https://www.aemjournal.org/index.php/AEM/article/download/4224/1877","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227937","display_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","issn_l":"2119-0275","issn":["2119-0275"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311132","host_organization_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Advanced Electromagnetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2119-0275","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:be0b3ed95a6842858453f054f5e7c255","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/be0b3ed95a6842858453f054f5e7c255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics, Vol 15, Iss 3 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v15i3.4224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227937","display_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","issn_l":"2119-0275","issn":["2119-0275"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311132","host_organization_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Advanced Electromagnetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Electromagnetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.975600004196167,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204078658.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204078658.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392732989"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164309174","https://openalex.org/W7217908090","https://openalex.org/W7133518486","https://openalex.org/W4413184194","https://openalex.org/W7167235039","https://openalex.org/W4409172537","https://openalex.org/W4411261350","https://openalex.org/W7216534315","https://openalex.org/W7160017355","https://openalex.org/W7133540918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,19,34,41,56,111,171,178],"increasing":[2],"application":[3],"of":[4,27,36,54,65,121,141,163,180],"generative":[5],"AI":[6,12,96],"in":[7,43,189],"art":[8],"and":[9,24,50,70,80,99,123,148,155,167,186],"design":[10],"education,":[11],"painting":[13,97],"tools":[14,98],"have":[15,31,94],"become":[16],"integrated":[17],"into":[18],"idea":[20],"development,":[21],"visual":[22],"experimentation,":[23],"image-making":[25],"behavior":[26],"students.":[28],"Nevertheless,":[29],"studies":[30],"seldom":[32],"investigated":[33],"impact":[35],"such":[37],"a":[38],"tool":[39],"on":[40,47],"participation":[42],"creative":[44,68,74,125,144,164,191],"learning.":[45,192],"Based":[46],"technology":[48],"acceptance":[49],"learning":[51,75,81,156,165,168,184],"experience":[52,79,154],"points":[53],"view,":[55],"presented":[57],"paper":[58],"explores":[59],"how":[60],"perceived":[61,63,67,117,119,124,137,139,143],"usefulness,":[62,118,138],"ease":[64,120,140],"use,":[66,122,142],"control":[69,126],"teacher":[71,146],"support":[72,147,188],"influence":[73,128],"engagement":[76,166],"with":[77,160],"flow":[78,129,149,153],"satisfaction":[82,132,157,169],"acting":[83],"as":[84],"mediators.":[85],"Questionnaire":[86],"survey":[87],"was":[88,107],"administered":[89],"to":[90,109],"university":[91],"students":[92],"who":[93],"used":[95,108],"382":[100],"respondents":[101],"were":[102],"obtained.":[103],"Structural":[104],"equation":[105],"modeling":[106],"analyze":[110],"data.":[112],"The":[113],"results":[114],"show":[115],"that":[116],"positively":[127],"experience.":[130,150],"Learning":[131],"is":[133],"also":[134],"enhanced":[135],"by":[136],"control,":[145],"In":[151],"addition,":[152],"are":[158],"associated":[159],"higher":[161],"levels":[162],"has":[170],"most":[172],"direct":[173],"effect.":[174],"Such":[175],"findings":[176],"underline":[177],"importance":[179],"student":[181],"agency,":[182],"positive":[183],"experience,":[185],"pedagogical":[187],"AI-assisted":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}
