{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204074304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","title":"Machine learning-based identification of targeted metabolomic biomarkers for early diagnosis and fibrosis-stage discrimination in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","display_name":"Machine learning-based identification of targeted metabolomic biomarkers for early diagnosis and fibrosis-stage discrimination in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204074304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42707340","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13547064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076668383","display_name":"Shimaa Abdelsattar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3993-5378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3993-5378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261924","display_name":"National Liver Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfvp71","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shimaa Abdelsattar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112338165","display_name":"Hiba Saeed A. Bagader Al-Amodi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1865-0004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1865-0004"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiba S. Al-Amodi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113276556","display_name":"Hala F. M. Kamel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["EG","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hala F. M. Kamel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University","Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091975673","display_name":"Mahmoud Nazih","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0522-399X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0522-399X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61869032","display_name":"Ahram Canadian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02t055680","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61869032"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Nazih","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU)","Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU), October 6 City","Scientific Office, Egyptian Society of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine (ESPM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61869032"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU), October 6 City","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61869032"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Office, Egyptian Society of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine (ESPM)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001784147","display_name":"Arwa F. Flemban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8761-4280","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8761-4280"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arwa Fadel Flemban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147989391","display_name":"Sabry M. Abdelmegeed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261924","display_name":"National Liver Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfvp71","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabry M. Abdelmegeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000574494","display_name":"Naglaa Abdelmawgoud Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3255-3948","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3255-3948"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768229","display_name":"Al-Ryada University for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05cnhrr87","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391768229"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naglaa Abdelmawgoud Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University","Faculty of Nursing, Al Ryada University for Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Nursing, Al Ryada University for Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391768229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042219262","display_name":"Ehab Darwish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5063-2792","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5063-2792"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192398990","display_name":"Zagazig University","ror":"https://ror.org/053g6we49","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehab Darwish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068043422","display_name":"Ayman Ahmed Sakr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9078-6611","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9078-6611"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayman Ahmed Sakr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148019966","display_name":"Yousef M. Abdelgawad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yousef M. Abdelgawad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069247843","display_name":"Basma AbdElGawad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-2811","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-2811"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basma M. Abdelgawad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia National University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia National University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028726894","display_name":"Inas Maged Moaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1874-0539","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1874-0539"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261924","display_name":"National Liver Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfvp71","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inas Moaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118987930","display_name":"Elaf Abozeid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261924","display_name":"National Liver Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfvp71","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elaf Abozeid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104472773","display_name":"Hanan Mosaad Bedair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2229-3129","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2229-3129"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261924","display_name":"National Liver Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfvp71","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanan M. Bedair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086148481","display_name":"Mai Abozeid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1808-7928","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1808-7928"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261924","display_name":"National Liver Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfvp71","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mai Abozeid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040612272","display_name":"Mervat Abdelkreem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261924","display_name":"National Liver Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfvp71","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mervat Abdelkreem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148016897","display_name":"Shimaa K. Zween","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shimaa K. Zween","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076668383"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261924","https://openalex.org/I63601056"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"1849329","last_page":"1849329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.6963000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.6963000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10836","display_name":"Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies","score":0.29100000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11207","display_name":"Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease","display_name":"non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrosis-staging","display_name":"fibrosis staging","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolomic-biomarkers","display_name":"metabolomic biomarkers","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-organic-acids","display_name":"urinary organic acids","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acylcarnitines","display_name":"acylcarnitines","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-amino-acids","display_name":"blood amino acids","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-diagnosis","display_name":"early diagnosis","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-classification","display_name":"machine learning classification","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"random forest","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opls-da","display_name":"OPLS-DA","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fib-4-index","display_name":"FIB-4","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noninvasive-fibrosis-assessment","display_name":"noninvasive fibrosis assessment","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-network-analysis","display_name":"metabolic network analysis","score":0.4359999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21565614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12149006","display_name":"Metabolomics","level":2,"score":0.6183000206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5174999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135870905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903667","display_name":"Metabolome","level":3,"score":0.4909000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776954865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546498","display_name":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","level":4,"score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407595","display_name":"Metabolite","level":2,"score":0.40860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780865232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7197255","display_name":"Pipecolic acid","level":3,"score":0.37880000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777075537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929737","display_name":"Liver disease","level":2,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778772119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058862","display_name":"Fatty liver","level":3,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779896295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223600","display_name":"Creatine","level":2,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3192000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22354355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422009","display_name":"Partial least squares regression","level":2,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780578515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657193","display_name":"Metabolic syndrome","level":3,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192989942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68685","display_name":"Metabolic pathway","level":3,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365091","display_name":"Steatosis","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101810790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2263094","display_name":"Metabolic network","level":2,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781123555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193166","display_name":"Choline","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924","display_name":"Urine","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52003472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1022655","display_name":"C4.5 algorithm","level":4,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776407124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413454","display_name":"Sebacic acid","level":2,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205345274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q873009","display_name":"Gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","level":3,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124535831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915074","display_name":"Biomarker discovery","level":4,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25200000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77411442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181100","display_name":"Urinary system","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13547064","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13547064/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13547064/pdf/fnut-13-1849329.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Nutr","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42707340","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42707340","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in nutrition","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ccc74c7f8bec4a84a13a5283412e6310","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ccc74c7f8bec4a84a13a5283412e6310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition, Vol 13 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1849329/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309537","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204074304.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204074304.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997832875","https://openalex.org/W2002364623","https://openalex.org/W2005875533","https://openalex.org/W2005938533","https://openalex.org/W2024354971","https://openalex.org/W2028621708","https://openalex.org/W2032189193","https://openalex.org/W2048710380","https://openalex.org/W2059630954","https://openalex.org/W2063096782","https://openalex.org/W2078280087","https://openalex.org/W2084382398","https://openalex.org/W2087843153","https://openalex.org/W2093824918","https://openalex.org/W2105492585","https://openalex.org/W2107720387","https://openalex.org/W2122367003","https://openalex.org/W2137299052","https://openalex.org/W2138018548","https://openalex.org/W2139958402","https://openalex.org/W2143452592","https://openalex.org/W2538201653","https://openalex.org/W2604288015","https://openalex.org/W2605851167","https://openalex.org/W2610279884","https://openalex.org/W2622524891","https://openalex.org/W2744389809","https://openalex.org/W2748864304","https://openalex.org/W2765675184","https://openalex.org/W2787463271","https://openalex.org/W2791573510","https://openalex.org/W2795101923","https://openalex.org/W2800681712","https://openalex.org/W2883059728","https://openalex.org/W2884907724","https://openalex.org/W2885265365","https://openalex.org/W2897213700","https://openalex.org/W2899457119","https://openalex.org/W2907716967","https://openalex.org/W2908524400","https://openalex.org/W2909812323","https://openalex.org/W2923781516","https://openalex.org/W2924464144","https://openalex.org/W2936986544","https://openalex.org/W2954013012","https://openalex.org/W2957932790","https://openalex.org/W2962965444","https://openalex.org/W2984764470","https://openalex.org/W2994627955","https://openalex.org/W2994671505","https://openalex.org/W2995459524","https://openalex.org/W2998368831","https://openalex.org/W3020200374","https://openalex.org/W3022668612","https://openalex.org/W3029895132","https://openalex.org/W3045677677","https://openalex.org/W3082643463","https://openalex.org/W3083666121","https://openalex.org/W3084378266","https://openalex.org/W3087677084","https://openalex.org/W3093650933","https://openalex.org/W3123804908","https://openalex.org/W3129305070","https://openalex.org/W3133993131","https://openalex.org/W3134106390","https://openalex.org/W3138637928","https://openalex.org/W3150071542","https://openalex.org/W3160163020","https://openalex.org/W3172957434","https://openalex.org/W3198465954","https://openalex.org/W3208146416","https://openalex.org/W4214491113","https://openalex.org/W4214830809","https://openalex.org/W4280588957","https://openalex.org/W4281667895","https://openalex.org/W4283071313","https://openalex.org/W4293088879","https://openalex.org/W4363651535","https://openalex.org/W4378906460","https://openalex.org/W4380990091","https://openalex.org/W4381681857","https://openalex.org/W4385503492","https://openalex.org/W4386529182","https://openalex.org/W4386910063","https://openalex.org/W4387060269","https://openalex.org/W4388283212","https://openalex.org/W4390811408","https://openalex.org/W4390933442","https://openalex.org/W4391592880","https://openalex.org/W4392298562","https://openalex.org/W4392303931","https://openalex.org/W4394836850","https://openalex.org/W4399089560","https://openalex.org/W4399435116","https://openalex.org/W4401754066","https://openalex.org/W4404040065","https://openalex.org/W4405185855","https://openalex.org/W4405231268","https://openalex.org/W4405781659","https://openalex.org/W4408952141","https://openalex.org/W4409734140","https://openalex.org/W4410031167","https://openalex.org/W4414138804"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7158492907","https://openalex.org/W7214517572","https://openalex.org/W4407909589","https://openalex.org/W7116113431","https://openalex.org/W4415451031","https://openalex.org/W4407848321","https://openalex.org/W7116847579","https://openalex.org/W7128599037","https://openalex.org/W4403149873","https://openalex.org/W7205525013"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Metabolically":[1],"dysfunction-associated":[2],"steatotic":[3],"liver":[4,11],"disease":[5,12,54,252],"(MASLD)":[6],"is":[7,15],"the":[8,34,57,280],"most":[9],"prevalent":[10,58],"worldwide":[13],"and":[14,22,36,47,56,61,70,88,97,106,114,128,148,162,176,181,200,206,212,216,233,242,260,297,308,315],"increasing":[16],"in":[17,33,92,264],"parallel":[18],"with":[19,40,53,100,169,246,305,321],"metabolic":[20,31,130],"syndrome":[21],"obesity.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25,265],"exploratory,":[26],"cross-sectional":[27],"study,":[28],"we":[29],"analysed":[30],"changes":[32],"blood":[35,81,85,296],"urine":[37],"of":[38],"patients":[39,99],"early-stage":[41,306],"MASLD":[42,247,307],"(fibrosis":[43],"grades":[44],"0,":[45],"1,":[46],"2)":[48],"to":[49,62,294],"identify":[50],"metabolites":[51,120],"associated":[52,245,304],"presence":[55],"fibrosis":[59,309],"stage":[60],"develop":[63],"machine":[64,134],"learning":[65,135,292],"models":[66,250,281],"for":[67],"case":[68],"discrimination":[69],"fibrosis-stage":[71],"stratification.":[72],"Methods":[73],"Fifty-one":[74],"metabolites,":[75],"including17":[76],"urinary":[77,298],"organic":[78],"acids,":[79,83,208,214],"14":[80],"amino":[82],"19":[84],"acylcarnitines/free":[86],"carnitine,":[87],"glucose,":[89,203],"were":[90,121,153],"quantified":[91],"232":[93],"participants":[94],"(100":[95],"controls":[96],"132":[98],"MASLD:":[101],"68":[102],"F0,":[103],"34":[104],"F1,":[105],"30":[107],"F2)":[108],"using":[109,123],"gas":[110],"chromatography\u2013mass":[111],"spectrometry":[112,117],"(GC/MS)":[113],"tandem":[115],"mass":[116],"(MS/MS).":[118],"MASLD-associated":[119],"visualised":[122],"volcano":[124],"plots,":[125],"cluster":[126],"heatmaps,":[127],"a":[129,156],"network":[131],"diagram.":[132],"Three":[133],"approaches,":[136],"namely,":[137],"orthogonal":[138],"partial":[139],"least":[140],"squares":[141],"discriminant":[142],"analysis":[143],"(OPLS-DA),":[144],"random":[145,288],"forest":[146],"(RF),":[147],"support":[149],"vector":[150],"machines":[151],"(SVM),":[152],"implemented":[154],"within":[155,165],"strictly":[157],"leakage-free":[158],"pipeline":[159],"(feature":[160],"selection":[161],"preprocessing":[163],"performed":[164],"training":[166],"folds":[167],"only),":[168],"performance":[170],"evaluated":[171],"on":[172],"independent":[173],"test":[174],"sets":[175],"validated":[177,319],"by":[178],"permutation":[179,267,270],"testing":[180,268],"repeated":[182],"cross-validation.":[183],"Results":[184],"A":[185,218],"case-discrimination":[186],"panel":[187,220],"comprised":[188],"\u03b2":[189],"-hydroxy":[190],"butyrate,":[191],"adipic":[192],"acid,":[193],"acylcarnitines":[194,225],"(C0,":[195,226],"C2,":[196,228],"C3,":[197],"C10:1,":[198],"C14:1,":[199],"C18:1),":[201,234],"formiminoglutamate,":[202],"glycine,":[204,224],"citric":[205],"lactic":[207],"Leu/Ile,":[209,235],"pyroglutamate,":[210,238],"sebacic":[211],"suberic":[213],"tiglylglycine,":[215],"valine.":[217],"stage-stratification":[219],"comprising":[221],"valine,":[222],"ethylmalonate,":[223],"C8:1,":[227],"C5,":[229],"C16,":[230],"C10,":[231],"C18,":[232],"alanine,":[236],"glutamine,":[237],"3-hydroxybutyrate,":[239],"succinate,":[240],"vanillylmandelate,":[241],"citrulline":[243],"was":[244],"severity.":[248],"Metabolite-based":[249],"discriminated":[251],"status":[253],"more":[254],"effectively":[255],"than":[256,287],"FIB-4":[257],"(AUC":[258,262],"0.74)":[259],"APRI":[261],"0.70)":[263],"cohort;":[266],"(OPLS-DA":[269],"p":[271,276],"\u2264":[272],"0.001;":[273],"random-forest":[274],"empirical":[275],"\u2248":[277],"0.01)":[278],"confirmed":[279],"captured":[282],"genuine":[283],"biological":[284],"structure":[285],"rather":[286],"patterns.":[289],"Conclusion":[290],"Machine":[291],"applied":[293],"targeted":[295],"metabolomics":[299],"identified":[300],"candidate":[301],"metabolite":[302],"signatures":[303],"stage.":[310],"These":[311],"findings":[312],"are":[313,325],"exploratory":[314],"hypothesis-generating;":[316],"prospective,":[317],"externally":[318],"studies":[320],"metabolically":[322],"matched":[323],"comparators":[324],"required":[326],"before":[327],"clinical":[328],"application.":[329]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}