{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204037585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","title":"Lex Voluntatis and the International Character of Trade Contracts: Can Consent Create Internationality?","display_name":"Lex Voluntatis and the International Character of Trade Contracts: Can Consent Create Internationality?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204037585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404676830","display_name":"Perspectives of Law and Public Administration.","issn_l":"2601-7830","issn":["2601-7830"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404571741","host_organization_name":"ADJURIS \u2013 International Academic Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404571741"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ADJURIS \u2013 International Academic Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perspectives of Law and Public Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7204037585"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068448964","display_name":"Bogdan Cristian Trandafirescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2113-0485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2113-0485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155936010","display_name":"Ovidius University","ror":"https://ror.org/050ccpd76","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155936010"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bogdan Cristian Trandafirescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ovidius University of Constan\u021ba"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2113-0485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ovidius University of Constan\u021ba","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155936010"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068448964"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155936010"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"93","last_page":"102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12767","display_name":"Conflict of Laws and Jurisdiction","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12767","display_name":"Conflict of Laws and Jurisdiction","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12374","display_name":"European and International Contract Law","score":0.017000000923871994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14180","display_name":"Law, logistics, and international trade","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade-contracts","display_name":"international trade contracts","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choice-of-law","display_name":"choice of law","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-autonomy","display_name":"party autonomy","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rome-convention-1980","display_name":"Rome Convention 1980","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/romanian-civil-code","display_name":"Romanian Civil Code","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-order","display_name":"public order","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandatory-rules","display_name":"mandatory rules","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraneity","display_name":"extraneity","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-international-law","display_name":"private international law","score":0.6399999856948853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129400051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7913","display_name":"Romanian","level":2,"score":0.6215000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.6184999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.6071000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6047999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.6047999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5647000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5077999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.49889999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.46630001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8705443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8009938","display_name":"Municipal law","level":3,"score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55447825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4394526","display_name":"International law","level":2,"score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779967654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367926","display_name":"Choice of law","level":3,"score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780677400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4122235","display_name":"Civil law (Civil law)","level":3,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177986884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207892","display_name":"Public law","level":2,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149209484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741338","display_name":"Comparative law","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170706310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30216","display_name":"Common law","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75011936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4122235","display_name":"Private law","level":3,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185436325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4394526","display_name":"Public international law","level":3,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79301358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1918846","display_name":"Contract theory","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404676830","display_name":"Perspectives of Law and Public Administration.","issn_l":"2601-7830","issn":["2601-7830"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404571741","host_organization_name":"ADJURIS \u2013 International Academic Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404571741"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ADJURIS \u2013 International Academic Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perspectives of Law and Public Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2026/15/1/06","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404676830","display_name":"Perspectives of Law and Public Administration.","issn_l":"2601-7830","issn":["2601-7830"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404571741","host_organization_name":"ADJURIS \u2013 International Academic Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404571741"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ADJURIS \u2013 International Academic Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perspectives of Law and Public Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6601999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204037585.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204037585.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1662631561","https://openalex.org/W3206396514","https://openalex.org/W7167868028","https://openalex.org/W133123387","https://openalex.org/W305933768","https://openalex.org/W4386803076","https://openalex.org/W7036182033","https://openalex.org/W7119342357","https://openalex.org/W3092151661","https://openalex.org/W7128800517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,133],"analyzes":[2],"the":[3,6,12,20,25,47,74,82,89,124,135,141,145],"role":[4],"of":[5,22,53,68,84,91,104,110,126,138,153],"lex":[7],"voluntatis":[8],"principle":[9],"in":[10,115],"determining":[11],"law":[13,55,85],"applicable":[14],"to":[15,143,156],"international":[16,94],"trade":[17],"contracts,":[18],"with":[19,129],"objective":[21,136],"critically":[23],"examining":[24],"thesis":[26],"that":[27,81],"parties":[28],"may":[29],"\u201cinternationalize\u201d":[30],"a":[31,38,42,92,98,111,118],"purely":[32],"domestic":[33,112],"contract":[34,113],"by":[35],"merely":[36],"choosing":[37],"foreign":[39],"law.":[40],"Using":[41],"comparative":[43],"and":[44,140,150,159],"doctrinal":[45],"method,":[46],"research":[48],"draws":[49],"on":[50],"key":[51],"instruments":[52],"uniform":[54],"(The":[56],"1980":[57],"Rome":[58],"Convention,":[59],"Regulation":[60],"(EC)":[61],"No.":[62],"593/2008,":[63],"The":[64,78,106,132],"1994":[65],"Inter-American":[66],"Convention":[67],"Mexico":[69],"City)":[70],"as":[71,73,121],"well":[72],"Romanian":[75],"Civil":[76],"Code.":[77],"findings":[79],"demonstrate":[80],"choice":[83],"does":[86],"not":[87],"constitute":[88],"source":[90],"contract\u2019s":[93],"character":[95],"but":[96],"rather":[97],"mechanism":[99],"for":[100],"resolving":[101],"pre-existing":[102],"conflicts":[103],"laws.":[105],"so-called":[107],"\u201cvoluntary":[108],"internationalization\u201d":[109],"is,":[114],"this":[116],"respect,":[117],"legal":[119],"sophism,":[120],"it":[122],"conflates":[123],"effect":[125],"party":[127],"autonomy":[128],"its":[130],"basis.":[131],"reaffirms":[134],"nature":[137],"internationality":[139],"need":[142],"preserve":[144],"distinction":[146],"between":[147],"contractual":[148],"freedom":[149],"genuine":[151],"elements":[152],"extraneity,":[154],"subject":[155],"public":[157],"order":[158],"mandatory":[160],"rules.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2026-08-24T00:00:00"}
