{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204014218","doi":null,"title":"Bronchial Artery Embolization with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate for Hemoptysis: A Descriptive Single Center Retrospective Study about Safety and Efficacy","display_name":"Bronchial Artery Embolization with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate for Hemoptysis: A Descriptive Single Center Retrospective Study about Safety and Efficacy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204014218"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.www.ijms.info:article/4908","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/view/4908","pdf_url":"https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/download/4908/3478","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765068989","display_name":"International Journal of Medical Students","issn_l":"2076-6327","issn":["2076-6327"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315549","host_organization_name":"International Journal of Medical Students","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315549"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Journal of Medical Students"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2076-6327","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/download/4908/3478","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115689962","display_name":"Krishna Sahitha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishna Sahitha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029951692","display_name":"Suresh Giragani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5177-0473","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5177-0473"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suresh Giragani","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12199","display_name":"Vascular Anomalies and Treatments","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12199","display_name":"Vascular Anomalies and Treatments","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11356","display_name":"Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11260","display_name":"Tracheal and airway disorders","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchial-artery-embolization","display_name":"bronchial artery embolization","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate","display_name":"n-butyl cyanoacrylate","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemoptysis","display_name":"hemoptysis","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/massive-hemoptysis","display_name":"massive hemoptysis","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchial-artery-bleeding","display_name":"bronchial artery bleeding","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cystic-fibrosis","display_name":"cystic fibrosis","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endovascular-embolization","display_name":"endovascular embolization","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embolization-complications","display_name":"embolization complications","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-efficacy","display_name":"treatment efficacy","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemoptysis-recurrence","display_name":"hemoptysis recurrence","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipiodol","display_name":"lipiodol","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyvinyl-alcohol-particles","display_name":"polyvinyl alcohol particles","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ct-angiography","display_name":"CT angiography","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-subtraction-angiography","display_name":"digital subtraction angiography","score":0.7760000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9455999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780977465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927103","display_name":"Bronchial artery","level":3,"score":0.7412999868392944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144114","display_name":"Embolization","level":2,"score":0.7357000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.6585999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780073493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7523837","display_name":"Single Center","level":2,"score":0.6256999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.5989000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5885999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780643987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468414","display_name":"Angiography","level":2,"score":0.574400007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778286760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224954","display_name":"Digital subtraction angiography","level":3,"score":0.5051000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781267111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652297","display_name":"Catheter","level":2,"score":0.43639999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776805002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614984","display_name":"Fluoroscopy","level":2,"score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776268601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968808","display_name":"Occlusion","level":2,"score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781347138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024492","display_name":"Computed tomography angiography","level":3,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778451229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212809","display_name":"Endoscopy","level":2,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778847313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340337","display_name":"Thoracotomy","level":2,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105922876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423981","display_name":"Airway","level":2,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777185221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275466","display_name":"Embolism","level":2,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780014101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183605","display_name":"Blood transfusion","level":2,"score":0.28630000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909810335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487937","display_name":"Hemostatics","level":3,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993470428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1106192","display_name":"Balloon catheter","level":3,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.www.ijms.info:article/4908","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/view/4908","pdf_url":"https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/download/4908/3478","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765068989","display_name":"International Journal of Medical Students","issn_l":"2076-6327","issn":["2076-6327"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315549","host_organization_name":"International Journal of Medical Students","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315549"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Journal of Medical Students"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2076-6327","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:84ba7429c5bb441b928ec3583f3997cc","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/84ba7429c5bb441b928ec3583f3997cc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Medical Students (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.www.ijms.info:article/4908","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/view/4908","pdf_url":"https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/download/4908/3478","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765068989","display_name":"International Journal of Medical Students","issn_l":"2076-6327","issn":["2076-6327"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315549","host_organization_name":"International Journal of Medical Students","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315549"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Journal of Medical Students"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2076-6327","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204014218.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204014218.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4417535322","https://openalex.org/W4390988801","https://openalex.org/W2019280854","https://openalex.org/W4281719012","https://openalex.org/W4221028421","https://openalex.org/W2108867922","https://openalex.org/W2609880850","https://openalex.org/W2395658883","https://openalex.org/W2744258632","https://openalex.org/W2332390803"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Hemoptysis":[1,309,383],"refers":[2],"to":[3,159,179,229,364,381,479],"the":[4,9,20,25,77,140,244,305,411],"expectoration":[5],"of":[6,54,70,80,211,258,280,300,322,338],"blood":[7,55],"from":[8,136,157],"respiratory":[10],"tract.":[11],"Its":[12],"etiology":[13],"varies":[14],"by":[15,222],"region,":[16],"cystic":[17],"fibrosis":[18],"is":[19,87,442],"most":[21,96,306,412],"common":[22,97,307],"cause":[23],"in":[24,31,348,357,402],"developed":[26],"world":[27],"while":[28],"tuberculosis":[29],"predominates":[30],"endemic":[32],"regions.":[33],"Depending":[34],"on":[35,483],"severity,":[36],"it":[37],"can":[38],"be":[39],"managed":[40],"medically,":[41],"surgically,":[42],"or":[43,59,317,432],"through":[44],"endovascular":[45],"embolization":[46,85,228,257],"procedures.":[47],"Massive":[48],"hemoptysis,":[49],"defined":[50],"variably":[51],"as":[52,277,312,475],"200-1000mL":[53],"per":[56,278,342],"24":[57,267],"hours":[58],"any":[60],"bleeding":[61],"with":[62,202,243,296,352,378,405,426,440,469],"airway":[63],"compromise":[64],"has":[65],"a":[66,88,170,193,199,206,217,297,443,476],"high":[67,454],"mortality":[68,435],"rate":[69],"50%-70%":[71],"without":[72],"intervention.":[73],"Bronchial":[74],"arteries":[75,329,340],"are":[76,467],"main":[78],"source":[79],"bleeding,":[81],"and":[82,91,114,117,139,143,167,186,198,256,272,275,292,330,392,419,446,461,472],"bronchial":[83,328],"artery":[84],"(BAE)":[86],"minimally":[89],"invasive":[90],"effective":[92],"treatment":[93,448],"option.":[94],"The":[95,233,249,286],"embolic":[98],"agent":[99,234],"for":[100,151,226,450],"BAE":[101,154,168,191,439],"remains":[102],"polyvinyl":[103],"alcohol":[104],"(PVA)":[105],"particles,":[106],"although":[107],"N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate":[108],"(NBCA)":[109],"offers":[110],"advantages":[111],"including":[112],"rapid":[113],"complete":[115,247],"occlusion":[116],"adjustable":[118,122],"polymerization":[119],"rates":[120,385,460],"via":[121,153,169],"glue-to-contrast":[123],"ratios.":[124],"Methods:":[125],"A":[126,320],"single":[127],"center":[128],"retrospective":[129],"study":[130],"was":[131,214,236,304,310,346],"conducted":[132],"using":[133,155,192,205,216],"data":[134],"obtained":[135],"medical":[137],"records":[138],"Picture":[141],"Archiving":[142],"Communication":[144],"System":[145],"(PACS),":[146],"comprising":[147],"210":[148],"patients":[149,189,295,359,362,375],"treated":[150],"hemoptysis":[152,265],"NBCA":[156,238,441,474],"2014":[158],"2022.":[160],"Patients":[161],"included":[162,175],"underwent":[163,190],"appropriate":[164],"preprocedural":[165],"workup":[166],"standard":[171,200],"procedure.":[172],"Preprocedural":[173],"imaging":[174],"CT":[176],"thoracic":[177],"angiography":[178,196],"identify":[180],"underlying":[181],"lung":[182],"pathology,":[183],"bleeder":[184],"vessels,":[185,260],"pseudoaneurysms.":[187],"All":[188],"digital":[194],"subtraction":[195],"unit":[197],"procedure":[201,433],"femoral":[203],"access":[204],"5F":[207,218],"sheath.":[208],"Selective":[209],"catheterization":[210,255],"target":[212],"vessels":[213,324],"achieved":[215,347],"angiographic":[219],"catheter":[220],"followed":[221],"coaxial":[223],"microcatheter":[224],"insertion":[225],"distal":[227],"avoid":[230],"non-target":[231],"spread.":[232],"used":[235],"15%":[237],"mixture":[239],"(1:7":[240],"glue-to-lipiodol":[241],"ratio)":[242],"endpoint":[245],"being":[246,410],"stasis.":[248],"outcomes":[250],"measured":[251],"were":[252,325,376,386,400,417,436],"technical":[253],"success-":[254,262],"culprit":[259],"immediate":[261,353,455],"no":[263],"fresh":[264],"within":[266,368],"hours,":[268],"recurrence":[269,384,459],"at":[270,389,395],"3":[271,390],"6":[273,372,396],"months,":[274,373],"complications":[276,399,416,431],"Society":[279],"Interventional":[281],"Radiology":[282],"(SIR)":[283],"guidelines.":[284],"Results:":[285],"patient":[287],"group":[288],"comprised":[289],"154":[290],"male":[291],"56":[293],"female":[294],"mean":[298],"age":[299],"48":[301],"years.":[302],"Tuberculosis":[303],"etiology.":[308],"categorized":[311],"mild":[313],"(n=42),":[314],"moderate":[315],"(n=132),":[316],"severe":[318],"(n=36).":[319],"total":[321],"693":[323],"treated-":[326],"606":[327],"87":[331],"non-bronchial":[332],"systemic":[333],"collaterals,":[334],"making":[335],"an":[336],"average":[337],"3.3":[339],"embolized":[341],"patient.":[343],"Technical":[344],"success":[345,355],"all":[349],"cases":[350],"(100%)":[351],"clinical":[354,456],"seen":[356],"208":[358],"(99%).":[360],"Two":[361],"succumbed":[363],"progressive":[365],"pulmonary":[366],"disease":[367],"three":[369],"days.":[370],"At":[371],"180":[374],"evaluated":[377],"22":[379],"lost":[380],"follow-up.":[382],"12.6%":[387],"(n=23)":[388],"months":[391],"10.8":[393],"(n=20)":[394],"months.":[397],"Minor":[398],"observed":[401],"33.8%":[403],"(n=71)":[404],"self":[406],"limiting":[407],"chest":[408],"pain":[409],"common.":[413],"Other":[414],"minor":[415],"dysphagia":[418],"puncture":[420],"site":[421],"hematoma,":[422],"which":[423],"also":[424],"resolved":[425],"conservative":[427],"management.":[428],"No":[429],"major":[430],"related":[434],"noted.":[437],"Conclusion:":[438],"safe,":[444],"effective,":[445],"affordable":[447],"method":[449],"hemoptysis.":[451],"It":[452],"demonstrates":[453],"success,":[457],"low":[458,462],"complication":[463],"risk.":[464],"These":[465],"results":[466],"consistent":[468],"existing":[470],"literature":[471],"suggest":[473],"suitable":[477],"alternative":[478],"PVA":[480],"particles":[481],"depending":[482],"operator":[484],"experience.":[485]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-08-23T00:00:00"}