{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203975469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","title":"Total-body [11C]carfentanil PET: Liver-brain axis in methadone vs. buprenorphine treatment","display_name":"Total-body [11C]carfentanil PET: Liver-brain axis in methadone vs. buprenorphine treatment","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203975469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282691","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12632666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191349260","display_name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","issn_l":"1619-7070","issn":["1619-7070","1619-7089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101690152","display_name":"Elizabeth J. Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-0594","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-0594"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth J. Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-0594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078891337","display_name":"Corinde E. Wiers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-8794","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-8794"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corinde E. Wiers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-8794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031580802","display_name":"Chia\u2010Ju Hsieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2833-7727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2833-7727"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chia-Ju Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137447770","display_name":"Hsiaoju Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiaoju Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139640692","display_name":"Alexander Schmitz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Schmitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051522343","display_name":"Anthony J. Young","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3209-1034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3209-1034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony J. Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043369964","display_name":"Timothy Pond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-9765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-9765"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Pond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139084170","display_name":"Joseph Chang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065709981","display_name":"Erin K. Schubert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1039-6403","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1039-6403"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erin K. Schubert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013971949","display_name":"Robert H. Mach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7645-2869","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7645-2869"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert H. Mach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075961872","display_name":"Henry R. Kranzler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1018-0450","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1018-0450"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Henry R. Kranzler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. kranzler@pennmedicine.upenn.edu","Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, 191 04, USA. kranzler@pennmedicine.upenn.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1018-0450","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. kranzler@pennmedicine.upenn.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, 191 04, USA. kranzler@pennmedicine.upenn.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022996283","display_name":"Jacob G. Dubroff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-2374","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-2374"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacob G. Dubroff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. jacob.dubroff@pennmedicine.upenn.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-2374","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. jacob.dubroff@pennmedicine.upenn.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022996283","https://openalex.org/A5075961872"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"apc_paid":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62428623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10576","display_name":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","score":0.9315999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10576","display_name":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","score":0.9315999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10814","display_name":"Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology","score":0.025800000876188278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.017000000923871994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-use-disorder","display_name":"opioid use disorder","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methadone","display_name":"methadone","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buprenorphine","display_name":"buprenorphine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-brain-axis","display_name":"liver-brain axis","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receptor-occupancy","display_name":"receptor occupancy","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-drug-levels","display_name":"serum drug concentration","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-substitution-therapy","display_name":"opioid substitution therapy","score":0.7269999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778949969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407721","display_name":"Buprenorphine","level":4,"score":0.8112999796867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7347000241279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.6328999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778767360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179996","display_name":"Methadone","level":2,"score":0.5443999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781063702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427523","display_name":"Opioid","level":3,"score":0.5203999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139254425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332167","display_name":"Volume of distribution","level":3,"score":0.4528999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.423799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4081000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779418921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639178","display_name":"Opioid use disorder","level":4,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777389121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81225","display_name":"Morphine","level":2,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14397066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14911924","display_name":"\u03bc-opioid receptor","level":4,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779886867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421797","display_name":"Opioid receptor","level":4,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19831878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659446","display_name":"Therapeutic index","level":3,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778122271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410943","display_name":"Receptor antagonist","level":4,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778750930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4540629","display_name":"(+)-Naloxone","level":4,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778140631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2026938","display_name":"Opiate","level":3,"score":0.2606000006198883}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191349260","display_name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","issn_l":"1619-7070","issn":["1619-7070","1619-7089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.10.06.25337456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.06.25337456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.06.25337456","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/10/08/2025.10.06.25337456.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:41282691","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmid:42631870","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42631870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00259-026-08144-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191349260","display_name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","issn_l":"1619-7070","issn":["1619-7070","1619-7089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3263141909","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DA046345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8360575708","display_name":"Penn PET Addiction Center of Excellence (Penn PACE)","funder_award_id":"P30DA046345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203975469.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203975469.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1698028988","https://openalex.org/W1958222516","https://openalex.org/W1971962043","https://openalex.org/W1981966568","https://openalex.org/W2002129794","https://openalex.org/W2003737145","https://openalex.org/W2006614558","https://openalex.org/W2018084308","https://openalex.org/W2021011301","https://openalex.org/W2024940322","https://openalex.org/W2040327352","https://openalex.org/W2041265673","https://openalex.org/W2051746492","https://openalex.org/W2054929374","https://openalex.org/W2058046532","https://openalex.org/W2065086176","https://openalex.org/W2078530990","https://openalex.org/W2081226239","https://openalex.org/W2088789882","https://openalex.org/W2096998012","https://openalex.org/W2099801199","https://openalex.org/W2116354423","https://openalex.org/W2129722344","https://openalex.org/W2132974770","https://openalex.org/W2143095325","https://openalex.org/W2607181339","https://openalex.org/W2616229279","https://openalex.org/W2793264615","https://openalex.org/W2902867270","https://openalex.org/W2921255665","https://openalex.org/W2951040943","https://openalex.org/W2953202586","https://openalex.org/W2976839768","https://openalex.org/W3013797770","https://openalex.org/W3021752304","https://openalex.org/W4247665917","https://openalex.org/W4285039215","https://openalex.org/W4308184292","https://openalex.org/W4377099286","https://openalex.org/W4378952923","https://openalex.org/W4396780759","https://openalex.org/W4403485032","https://openalex.org/W4406745791","https://openalex.org/W4407287661","https://openalex.org/W4410192767","https://openalex.org/W7117293732"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396780759","https://openalex.org/W2143095325","https://openalex.org/W4410192767","https://openalex.org/W2002129794","https://openalex.org/W1983114669","https://openalex.org/W2040327352","https://openalex.org/W2099849656","https://openalex.org/W2409390110","https://openalex.org/W3013797770","https://openalex.org/W7212141384"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Purpose":[1],"Examine":[2],"the":[3,88,99],"relationship":[4,192,197],"between":[5,228],"brain":[6,66,93,175,233],"mu":[7],"opioid":[8,16,253],"receptor":[9,148,234],"(MOR)":[10],"availability":[11,56,94,126,177],"and":[12,36,68,139,204,232],"liver":[13],"activity":[14],"in":[15,63,87,98,108,135,141,159,165,185,198,206,215,252,256],"use":[17],"disorder":[18],"(OUD)":[19],"patients":[20,187,200,217,225,237],"treated":[21,33,137,143,218],"with":[22,34,38,146,157,174,219],"methadone":[23],"(MET)":[24],"or":[25],"buprenorphine":[26],"(BUP).":[27],"Methods":[28],"10":[29],"OUD":[30,89,100,161,216],"patients,":[31],"5":[32,37],"MET":[35,136,186,220,224],"BUP,":[39],"as":[40,42,75],"well":[41],"13":[43],"healthy":[44],"controls":[45],"(HCs)":[46],"underwent":[47],"total-body":[48],"PET":[49],"[":[50],"11":[51],"C]carfentanil":[52],"(CFN)":[53],"imaging.":[54],"MOR":[55,92,111,119,125,176],"was":[57,73,95,127,171,193],"quantified":[58],"via":[59],"distribution":[60,70],"volume":[61,71],"ratio":[62],"key":[64],"MOR-rich":[65],"regions,":[67],"hepatic":[69,229],"(Vt)":[72],"used":[74],"an":[76],"index":[77],"of":[78,195],"systemic":[79],"tracer":[80,230],"pharmacokinetics.":[81],"Serum":[82],"drug":[83,132,183],"levels":[84,158,184],"were":[85,213],"measured":[86],"patients.":[90,123],"Results":[91],"significantly":[96],"lower":[97,163],"groups":[101,155,162],"relative":[102],"to":[103,130],"HCs":[104,166],"(p<0.001),":[105],"more":[106],"so":[107],"BUP-treated":[109],"(mean":[110,118],"difference=39.9\u00b115.9%,":[112],"Cohen\u2019s":[113],"d":[114,121],"=3.35)":[115],"than":[116,164],"MET-treated":[117],"difference=14.2\u00b19.9%,":[120],"=1.90)":[122],"Central":[124],"inversely":[128],"related":[129],"serum":[131,182],"levels,":[133],"linearly":[134],"(R\u00b2=0.83)":[138],"logarithmically":[140],"BUP":[142,199,236],"(R\u00b2=0.96),":[144],"consistent":[145],"distinct":[147],"occupancy":[149],"dynamics.":[150],"Hepatic":[151,169],"Vt":[152,170],"differed":[153],"across":[154,181],"(p<0.003)":[156],"both":[160],"(p":[167],"<0.05).":[168],"strongly":[172],"associated":[173],"(R":[178,188,201],"2":[179,189,202],"=0.68)":[180],"=0.63).":[190],"This":[191],"decoupled":[194],"this":[196],"=0.30),":[203],"absent":[205],"HCs.":[207],"Conclusions":[208],"Drug-specific,":[209],"brain-liver":[210],"pharmacokinetic":[211],"profiles":[212],"observed":[214,249],"versus":[221],"BUP.":[222],"While":[223],"demonstrated":[226],"coupling":[227],"kinetics":[231],"occupancy,":[235],"did":[238],"not.":[239],"These":[240],"findings":[241],"demonstrate":[242],"that":[243],"drug-specific":[244],"brain-body":[245],"pharmacokinetics":[246],"may":[247],"underscore":[248],"clinical":[250],"differences":[251],"agonist":[254],"effects":[255],"OUD.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-23T00:00:00"}
