{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203972010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","title":"Butterfly gliomas of the corpus callosum: A systematic review of the literature","display_name":"Butterfly gliomas of the corpus callosum: A systematic review of the literature","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203972010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_344_2025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","pdf_url":"https://ruralneuropractice.com/content/150/2026/17/Supplement 1/pdf/JNRP-17-S001.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20361388","display_name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","issn_l":"0976-3147","issn":["0976-3147","0976-3155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ruralneuropractice.com/content/150/2026/17/Supplement 1/pdf/JNRP-17-S001.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005766440","display_name":"Amol Mittal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7468-9611","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7468-9611"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106490","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/01rs0zz87","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amol Mittal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005106840","display_name":"Rakesh Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4165-7258","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4165-7258"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106490","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/01rs0zz87","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rakesh Kumar Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083014666","display_name":"Daulat Singh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275378","display_name":"Government Doon Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/03gkjqv14","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275378"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daulat Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Govt Doon Medical College and Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Govt Doon Medical College and Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040928347","display_name":"Saikat Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-5957","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-5957"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106490","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/01rs0zz87","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saikat Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015572547","display_name":"Pradeep Chouksey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-9320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-9320"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106490","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/01rs0zz87","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradeep Chouksey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072074601","display_name":"Luis Rafael Moscote\u2010Salazar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4180-6962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4180-6962"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153390918","display_name":"Universidad de Cartagena","ror":"https://ror.org/0409zd934","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153390918"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cartagena, Colombian Clinical Research Group in Neurocritical Care, Bogota, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cartagena, Colombian Clinical Research Group in Neurocritical Care, Bogota, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153390918"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108521781","display_name":"Rafael Cincu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127649","display_name":"Hospital General Universitario De Valencia","ror":"https://ror.org/03sz8rb35","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127649"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Cincu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Valencia General Hospital, Valencia, Spain,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Valencia General Hospital, Valencia, Spain,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009544413","display_name":"Ved Prakash Maurya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-1176","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-1176"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161370692","display_name":"Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01rsgrz10","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ved Prakash Maurya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107952894","display_name":"Amit Agrawal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106490","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/01rs0zz87","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amit Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107952894"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106490"],"apc_list":{"value":6000,"currency":"INR","value_usd":125},"apc_paid":{"value":6000,"currency":"INR","value_usd":125},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54121864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"S1","last_page":"S25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10550","display_name":"Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11251","display_name":"Meningioma and schwannoma management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corpus-callosum","display_name":"corpus callosum","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glioblastoma","display_name":"glioblastoma","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-grade-glioma","display_name":"high-grade glioma","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-resection","display_name":"surgical resection","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjuvant-radiotherapy","display_name":"adjuvant radiotherapy","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjuvant-chemotherapy","display_name":"adjuvant chemotherapy","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognosis","display_name":"prognosis","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overall-survival","display_name":"overall survival","score":0.9409999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9284999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778183499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223851","display_name":"Corpus callosum","level":2,"score":0.7232000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365309","display_name":"Glioma","level":2,"score":0.6514999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018454096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2481887","display_name":"Adjuvant radiotherapy","level":3,"score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.5286999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778605236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1018085","display_name":"Butterfly","level":2,"score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17078201","display_name":"Resection","level":2,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781156865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827023","display_name":"Lesion","level":2,"score":0.44690001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777982462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2481887","display_name":"Adjuvant therapy","level":3,"score":0.42660000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4106999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020562746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7446275","display_name":"Surgical resection","level":2,"score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776194525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282142","display_name":"Glioblastoma","level":2,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.3508000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61434518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932510","display_name":"General surgery","level":1,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19648533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691640","display_name":"Evidence-based medicine","level":3,"score":0.322299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780439572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919364","display_name":"Publication bias","level":3,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777389519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425088","display_name":"Temozolomide","level":3,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","pdf_url":"https://ruralneuropractice.com/content/150/2026/17/Supplement 1/pdf/JNRP-17-S001.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20361388","display_name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","issn_l":"0976-3147","issn":["0976-3147","0976-3155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_344_2025","pdf_url":"https://ruralneuropractice.com/content/150/2026/17/Supplement 1/pdf/JNRP-17-S001.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20361388","display_name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","issn_l":"0976-3147","issn":["0976-3147","0976-3155"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4714764952659607}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203972010.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203972010.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1714417239","https://openalex.org/W1986110307","https://openalex.org/W2017020082","https://openalex.org/W2022820445","https://openalex.org/W2023778225","https://openalex.org/W2032297563","https://openalex.org/W2032708411","https://openalex.org/W2047108805","https://openalex.org/W2050486531","https://openalex.org/W2060269733","https://openalex.org/W2062144350","https://openalex.org/W2063054874","https://openalex.org/W2069063477","https://openalex.org/W2079336213","https://openalex.org/W2082710740","https://openalex.org/W2089702427","https://openalex.org/W2098507946","https://openalex.org/W2144821037","https://openalex.org/W2161040458","https://openalex.org/W2328864086","https://openalex.org/W2403860924","https://openalex.org/W2511446346","https://openalex.org/W2520985011","https://openalex.org/W2530711212","https://openalex.org/W2567362164","https://openalex.org/W2592783575","https://openalex.org/W2604037385","https://openalex.org/W2742459603","https://openalex.org/W2746343285","https://openalex.org/W2749635499","https://openalex.org/W2768251183","https://openalex.org/W2777214868","https://openalex.org/W2795650603","https://openalex.org/W2806323290","https://openalex.org/W2807259535","https://openalex.org/W2911703553","https://openalex.org/W2946141462","https://openalex.org/W2954376671","https://openalex.org/W2965983816","https://openalex.org/W2969236291","https://openalex.org/W3004937567","https://openalex.org/W3007870678","https://openalex.org/W3026846130","https://openalex.org/W3048951395","https://openalex.org/W3092153838","https://openalex.org/W3094199938","https://openalex.org/W3102145434","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3134100385","https://openalex.org/W3134869608","https://openalex.org/W3135030095","https://openalex.org/W3153792998","https://openalex.org/W3174246647","https://openalex.org/W3182784194","https://openalex.org/W3196533081","https://openalex.org/W3199288007","https://openalex.org/W3199684000","https://openalex.org/W3205356776","https://openalex.org/W4206349995","https://openalex.org/W4206653420","https://openalex.org/W4226159147","https://openalex.org/W4237322202","https://openalex.org/W4238600392","https://openalex.org/W4280497117","https://openalex.org/W4283739532","https://openalex.org/W4308709638","https://openalex.org/W4316254169","https://openalex.org/W4318924945","https://openalex.org/W4321791517","https://openalex.org/W4386407352","https://openalex.org/W4387063447","https://openalex.org/W4387678335","https://openalex.org/W4389675788","https://openalex.org/W4402932562"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objectives:":[0],"Although":[1],"rare,":[2],"butterfly":[3,33,99,141],"gliomas":[4],"are":[5],"notorious":[6],"for":[7,56,140],"their":[8],"inferior":[9],"clinical":[10,178],"outcomes.":[11],"The":[12,53,118,149],"objective":[13],"of":[14,32,84,106,164,174,184],"the":[15,22,26,37,45,85,104,107,161,165,172,182,188,192],"present":[16],"study":[17],"was":[18],"to":[19,96,160,180],"systematically":[20],"review":[21,151],"available":[23,38],"literature":[24],"regarding":[25],"optimal":[27],"management":[28],"protocols":[29],"and":[30,41,89,132,134,156,171,187],"prognosis":[31],"glioma":[34,62,100],"based":[35],"on":[36,191],"literature.":[39],"Materials":[40],"Methods:":[42],"We":[43],"searched":[44],"selected":[46,55,145],"electronic":[47],"databases":[48],"with":[49,60,81,109,126],"appropriate":[50],"search":[51],"terms.":[52],"studies":[54],"analysis":[57,152],"included":[58,166],"patients":[59],"high-grade":[61],"(World":[63],"Health":[64],"Organization,":[65],"5th":[66],"edition,":[67],"central":[68],"nervous":[69],"system":[70],"classification,":[71],"Grade":[72],"III":[73],"-IV),":[74],"who":[75],"had":[76],"at":[77],"least":[78],"one":[79],"lesion":[80],"continuous":[82],"involvement":[83,105],"corpus":[86],"callosum":[87],"(CC)":[88],"cerebral":[90],"hemispheres.":[91],"Results:":[92],"A":[93],"standard":[94,119],"criterion":[95],"define":[97],"a":[98],"is":[101,113],"lacking.":[102],"However,":[103],"CC":[108],"significant":[110],"bilateral":[111],"extension":[112],"considered":[114],"an":[115],"acceptable":[116],"criterion.":[117],"treatment":[120],"regime":[121],"involves":[122],"surgical":[123,138,185],"resection":[124,139,186],"along":[125],"adjuvant":[127],"therapy,":[128],"such":[129],"as":[130],"radiotherapy":[131],"chemotherapy,":[133],"recent":[135],"evidence":[136],"favors":[137],"glioblastoma":[142],"in":[143],"adequately":[144],"patient":[146,169],"subsets.":[147],"Conclusion:":[148],"current":[150],"revealed":[153],"high":[154],"heterogeneity":[155],"publication":[157],"bias":[158],"owing":[159],"retrospective":[162],"nature":[163],"studies,":[167],"varying":[168],"populations,":[170],"degree":[173],"resection,":[175],"needing":[176],"further":[177],"trials":[179],"evaluate":[181],"effect":[183],"molecular":[189],"diagnosis":[190],"overall":[193],"survival":[194],"(OS).":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-22T18:32:59.640997","created_date":"2026-08-23T00:00:00"}