{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203828098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","title":"PharyTriFuse: Knowledge- and LLM-Augmented Deep Learning for Bacterial Pharyngitis Detection from Smartphone Throat Images","display_name":"PharyTriFuse: Knowledge- and LLM-Augmented Deep Learning for Bacterial Pharyngitis Detection from Smartphone Throat Images","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203828098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194295","display_name":"IEEE Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)","issn_l":"0730-3157","issn":["0730-3157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE 50th Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106463783","display_name":"\u00d6mer At\u0131l\u0131m Koca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7286-6785","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7286-6785"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152504","display_name":"Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/017v96566","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152504"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00d6mer At\u0131l\u0131m Koca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Izmir Bakircay University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Izmir Bakircay University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066954472","display_name":"Murat Berat U\u00c7AR","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9997-4267","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9997-4267","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9479-7142"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152504","display_name":"Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/017v96566","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152504"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat U\u00e7ar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Izmir Bakircay University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Izmir Bakircay University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088105864","display_name":"Okan Bursa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-0279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-0279"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152504","display_name":"Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/017v96566","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152504"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Okan Bursa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Izmir Bakircay University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Izmir Bakircay University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152504"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70704511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2290","last_page":"2295"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.1598999947309494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.1598999947309494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.08760000020265579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.06560000032186508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-pharyngitis","display_name":"bacterial pharyngitis","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smartphone-imaging","display_name":"smartphone imaging","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-improvement","display_name":"knowledge improvement","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"deep learning","score":0.8140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6194000244140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6093000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5716999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4147999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776752453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174778","display_name":"Pharynx","level":2,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776989088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16364","display_name":"Throat","level":2,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779279270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2085267","display_name":"Pharyngitis","level":2,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.2671000063419342}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194295","display_name":"IEEE Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)","issn_l":"0730-3157","issn":["0730-3157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE 50th Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/compsac69091.2026.00341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194295","display_name":"IEEE Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)","issn_l":"0730-3157","issn":["0730-3157"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE 50th Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1934602670","https://openalex.org/W2002245253","https://openalex.org/W2113380269","https://openalex.org/W2133109865","https://openalex.org/W2159583324","https://openalex.org/W2965448548","https://openalex.org/W3002476946","https://openalex.org/W3066439868","https://openalex.org/W4206677002","https://openalex.org/W4282945993","https://openalex.org/W4384071683","https://openalex.org/W4389777235","https://openalex.org/W4404138521","https://openalex.org/W4413115755"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6906823269","https://openalex.org/W7163143949","https://openalex.org/W7163513836","https://openalex.org/W6884960470","https://openalex.org/W7134960336","https://openalex.org/W7026615321","https://openalex.org/W4416454040","https://openalex.org/W4400354124","https://openalex.org/W4413115755","https://openalex.org/W7208358712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bacterial":[0],"pharyngitis":[1,52,149],"requires":[2],"timely":[3],"antibiotic":[4,22],"treatment,":[5],"whereas":[6],"most":[7],"non-bacterial":[8,51],"cases":[9],"are":[10],"self-limited;":[11],"diagnostic":[12],"errors":[13],"may":[14],"therefore":[15],"lead":[16],"to":[17,47,82],"missed":[18],"infections":[19],"or":[20],"unnecessary":[21],"use.":[23],"This":[24],"study":[25],"proposes":[26],"PharyTriFuse,":[27],"a":[28,42,69],"multimodal":[29,140],"framework":[30],"that":[31,114,139],"integrates":[32],"throat-image":[33],"analysis":[34],"with":[35],"large":[36],"language":[37],"model":[38],"(LLM)":[39],"reasoning":[40,117],"and":[41,79,90,100,109,118],"medical":[43,120],"knowledge":[44,121],"graph":[45],"(KG)":[46],"classify":[48],"bacterial":[49],"versus":[50],"from":[53],"smartphone-acquired":[54],"oropharyngeal":[55],"images.":[56],"Experiments":[57],"were":[58,75,92],"conducted":[59],"on":[60],"the":[61],"public":[62],"PGUPharyngitis":[63],"dataset":[64],"over":[65,125],"742":[66],"images":[67],"using":[68,77,105],"stratified":[70],"72%/8%/20%":[71],"train/validation/test":[72],"split.":[73],"Images":[74],"standardized":[76],"CLAHE":[78],"redness":[80],"enhancement":[81],"reduce":[83],"acquisition":[84],"variability.":[85],"Two":[86],"visual":[87],"backbones":[88],"(EfficientNet-B4":[89],"ConvNeXt-Base)":[91],"evaluated":[93],"under":[94,133],"four":[95],"configurations:":[96],"AI-only,":[97],"AI+LLM,":[98],"AI+KG,":[99],"AI+LLM+KG.":[101],"Performance":[102],"was":[103],"assessed":[104],"standard":[106],"classification":[107,123],"metrics":[108],"inference":[110,131],"efficiency.":[111],"Results":[112],"show":[113],"incorporating":[115],"LLM":[116],"structured":[119],"improves":[122],"performance":[124],"vision-only":[126],"baselines":[127],"while":[128],"maintaining":[129],"real-time":[130],"capability":[132],"certain":[134],"configurations.":[135],"These":[136],"findings":[137],"suggest":[138],"AI":[141],"systems":[142],"can":[143],"enhance":[144],"smartphone-based":[145],"decision":[146],"support":[147],"for":[148],"assessment.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2026-08-21T00:00:00"}
