{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203823398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","title":"The four sacred medicines gifted to the N\u00eahiyawak: learning through the methods of Plains Cree science","display_name":"The four sacred medicines gifted to the N\u00eahiyawak: learning through the methods of Plains Cree science","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203823398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118554560","display_name":"Botany","issn_l":"1916-2790","issn":["1916-2790","1916-2804"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Botany","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071390750","display_name":"Paulina R. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9801-4416","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9801-4416"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulina R. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9801-4416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136131398","display_name":"Samantha Dancey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8041-6924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8041-6924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samantha Dancey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8041-6924","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130099561","display_name":"Darian McCullough","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7045-927X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7045-927X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darian McCullough","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7045-927X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130016285","display_name":"Hannah Louis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9889-2796","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9889-2796"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannah Louis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9889-2796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062111344","display_name":"Diana K. Moreiras Reynaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5822-1234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5822-1234"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana K. Moreiras Reynaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5822-1234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61082353,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"104","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10431","display_name":"Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies","score":0.5059000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10431","display_name":"Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies","score":0.5059000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10348","display_name":"Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights","score":0.41110000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12614","display_name":"Indigenous Studies and Ecology","score":0.02449999935925007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plains-cree","display_name":"Plains Cree","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-science","display_name":"Indigenous science","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotiana-tabacum","display_name":"tobacco","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cedar","display_name":"cedar","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sage","display_name":"sage","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sweet-grass","display_name":"sweetgrass","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnobotany","display_name":"ethnobotany","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-knowledge","display_name":"indigenous knowledge","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine-wheel","display_name":"Medicine Wheel","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healing","display_name":"healing","score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirituality","display_name":"spirituality","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-process","display_name":"learning process","score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creator","display_name":"creators","score":0.37299999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.9211000204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202216756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841408","display_name":"Ethnobotany","level":3,"score":0.7674999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514011633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428168","display_name":"Traditional knowledge","level":3,"score":0.7350999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991931607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103817","display_name":"Indigenous culture","level":3,"score":0.5533999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.4657000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.4244999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.40630000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.38510000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95124753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686","display_name":"Environmental ethics","level":1,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.3368000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994448811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213403","display_name":"Natural medicine","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781380062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Folk medicine","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529323549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2375831","display_name":"Ethnobiology","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777877512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1116097","display_name":"Common ground","level":2,"score":0.2694999873638153}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118554560","display_name":"Botany","issn_l":"1916-2790","issn":["1916-2790","1916-2804"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Botany","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2025-0112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118554560","display_name":"Botany","issn_l":"1916-2790","issn":["1916-2790","1916-2804"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Botany","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W561852211","https://openalex.org/W2505100877","https://openalex.org/W2903308238","https://openalex.org/W2991960816","https://openalex.org/W4237328664","https://openalex.org/W4387213685","https://openalex.org/W4413187255"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"we":[3],"share":[4],"how":[5],"the":[6,15,23,28,47,72,88,97,113,121,127,136,144,155,164,175,181],"N\u00eahiyawak":[7,145,156],"People":[8],"came":[9],"to":[10,22,68,143,191],"know":[11],"and":[12,38,53,57,87,93,99,130,158,177],"learn":[13],"through":[14],"methods":[16],"of":[17,27,44,46,91,112,133,135,163,180],"Indigenous":[18,81,89,108,186],"Science,":[19],"in":[20],"relation":[21],"four":[24,48,137],"sacred":[25,49,114,138],"medicines":[26,115,139],"Plains":[29],"Cree":[30],"Nation:":[31],"cist\u00eam\u00e2w,":[32],"tobacco,":[33],"m\u00e2sik\u00eas,":[34],"cedar,":[35],"paskw\u00e2wihkwaskwa,":[36],"sage,":[37],"w\u00eehkwaskwa,":[39],"sweetgrass.":[40],"We":[41,75,150],"discuss":[42],"aspects":[43,179],"each":[45,134],"medicines,":[50],"their":[51,55,63],"properties":[52,132],"uses,":[54],"cultural":[56],"spiritual":[58],"significance,":[59],"as":[60,62,170],"well":[61],"interrelatedness":[64],"that":[65,77,140,188],"comes":[66],"together":[67],"help":[69],"us":[70,117],"live":[71],"good":[73],"life.":[74],"demonstrate":[76],"when":[78,105],"engaging":[79,106],"with":[80,107],"Knowledge,":[82],"learning":[83,182],"is":[84,189],"a":[85,171],"process":[86,183],"understanding":[90,174],"botany":[92],"medicine":[94],"differs":[95],"from":[96,147],"Natural":[98],"Applied":[100],"Sciences,":[101],"an":[102,185],"important":[103],"consideration":[104],"Science.":[109],"Ethnobotanical":[110],"knowledge":[111],"teaches":[116],"not":[118],"just":[119],"about":[120,126],"plant":[122],"world,":[123],"but":[124],"also":[125],"spiritual,":[128],"ontological,":[129],"healing":[131],"were":[141],"gifted":[142],"Nation":[146],"Kis\u00ee-Manitou,":[148],"Creator.":[149],"ground":[151],"our":[152],"research":[153],"within":[154,184],"culture":[157],"worldview":[159],"by":[160],"making":[161],"use":[162],"Maskihk\u00eey":[165],"Otihtipipayiw,":[166],"Medicine":[167],"Wheel,":[168],"serving":[169],"framework":[172],"for":[173],"cyclical":[176],"interrelated":[178],"paradigm":[187],"required":[190],"maintain":[192],"balance.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-08-21T00:00:00"}