{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203822845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46763/yfnts269131j","title":"DTC SBTC MODEL: OPTIMAL POLICIES, WAGE PREMIUM AND CREDIT RATIONING","display_name":"DTC SBTC MODEL: OPTIMAL POLICIES, WAGE PREMIUM AND CREDIT RATIONING","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203822845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46763/yfnts269131j"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46763/yfnts269131j","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46763/yfnts269131j","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46763/yfnts269131j","pdf_url":"https://js.ugd.edu.mk/index.php/YFNTS/article/download/8151/6283","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHALLENGES OF TOURISM AND BUSINESS LOGISTICS IN THE 21ST CENTURY \u00bbISCTBL\u00ab","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4229758530","display_name":"CHALLENGES OF TOURISM AND BUSINESS LOGISTICS IN THE 21ST CENTURY \u00bbISCTBL\u00ab"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://js.ugd.edu.mk/index.php/YFNTS/article/download/8151/6283","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010490515","display_name":"Dushko Josheski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7771-7910","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7771-7910"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161475","display_name":"Goce Delcev University","ror":"https://ror.org/058q1cn43","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161475"]}],"countries":["MK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dushko Josheski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Goce Delcev University, Stip, North Macedonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Goce Delcev University, Stip, North Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161475"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026655268","display_name":"\u041d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0430","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8082-6458","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8082-6458"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161475","display_name":"Goce Delcev University","ror":"https://ror.org/058q1cn43","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161475"]}],"countries":["MK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natasha Miteva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Goce Delcev University, Shtip, North Macedonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Goce Delcev University, Shtip, North Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161475"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003520587","display_name":"Tatjana Boshkov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8821-9223","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8821-9223"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161475","display_name":"Goce Delcev University","ror":"https://ror.org/058q1cn43","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161475"]}],"countries":["MK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tatjana Boshkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Goce Delcev University, Shtip, North Macedonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Goce Delcev University, Shtip, North Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161475"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161475"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"31","last_page":"73"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.7958999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.7958999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.07530000060796738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12137","display_name":"Economic theories and models","score":0.03460000082850456,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skill-premium","display_name":"skill premium","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-rationing","display_name":"credit rationing","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-frictions","display_name":"financial frictions","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-equilibria","display_name":"multiple equilibria","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skills-demand","display_name":"skills demand","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-tax","display_name":"carbon tax","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-policy","display_name":"optimal policy","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wage-premium","display_name":"wage premium","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-preferences","display_name":"social preferences","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"inequality","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-taxation","display_name":"environmental taxation","score":0.34200000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.8133999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.8073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787079","display_name":"Credit rationing","level":3,"score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775994111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843478","display_name":"Rationing","level":3,"score":0.5627999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.5586000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.517799973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.48750001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4722000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.42820000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994086107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Wage inequality","level":3,"score":0.4147000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162077342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062630","display_name":"Tax credit","level":2,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103382277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282640","display_name":"General equilibrium theory","level":2,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6968784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193835","display_name":"Efficiency wage","level":3,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7386506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1036426","display_name":"Overlapping generations model","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777281377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1036463","display_name":"Earned income tax credit","level":3,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777885895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1932544","display_name":"Real wages","level":3,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778661386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035708","display_name":"Capital market imperfections","level":3,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778976125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288401","display_name":"Carbon tax","level":3,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46763/yfnts269131j","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46763/yfnts269131j","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46763/yfnts269131j","pdf_url":"https://js.ugd.edu.mk/index.php/YFNTS/article/download/8151/6283","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHALLENGES OF TOURISM AND BUSINESS LOGISTICS IN THE 21ST CENTURY \u00bbISCTBL\u00ab","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ugd.edu.mk:38917","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/38917/1/3.%2BDushko%2BJosheski%2C%2BNatasha%2BMiteva%2C%2BTatjana%2BBoshkov.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/38917/1/3.%2BDushko%2BJosheski%2C%2BNatasha%2BMiteva%2C%2BTatjana%2BBoshkov.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402353","display_name":"Goce Delchev University Repository (Goce Del\u010dev University of \u0160tip)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210161475","host_organization_name":"Goce Delcev University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161475"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.46763/yfnts269131j","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46763/yfnts269131j","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46763/yfnts269131j","pdf_url":"https://js.ugd.edu.mk/index.php/YFNTS/article/download/8151/6283","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHALLENGES OF TOURISM AND BUSINESS LOGISTICS IN THE 21ST CENTURY \u00bbISCTBL\u00ab","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.48510000109672546}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203822845.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203822845.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1562452810","https://openalex.org/W1966770423","https://openalex.org/W1978321009","https://openalex.org/W2057542039","https://openalex.org/W2107497267","https://openalex.org/W2129385606","https://openalex.org/W2167248677","https://openalex.org/W2770718633","https://openalex.org/W2798355260","https://openalex.org/W2892194323","https://openalex.org/W3165530202","https://openalex.org/W4252149510"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4302303605","https://openalex.org/W1566672017","https://openalex.org/W7023514217","https://openalex.org/W3125694928","https://openalex.org/W3193006050","https://openalex.org/W2902999072","https://openalex.org/W7100883262","https://openalex.org/W3093423620","https://openalex.org/W7133868477","https://openalex.org/W2743845799"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,29],"this":[1],"paper:":[2],"Financial":[3],"frictions":[4,61,127,175],"distort":[5],"the":[6,41,76],"direction":[7,18],"of":[8,19,70,110,137],"technical":[9],"change,":[10],"credit":[11,21,130,174],"rationing":[12],"plus":[13],"wage":[14,57],"premium":[15,31,58,78,102],"jointly":[16],"determines":[17],"innovation,":[20],"policy":[22],"is":[23,45,113],"more":[24,85,146],"powerful":[25],"than":[26],"subsidies":[27,105,153,164],"alone.":[28],"skill":[30,33,48,77,80,101],"vs":[32,79],"ratio":[34,81],"analysis":[35,82,92],"there":[36,62,83],"are":[37,63,72,84,99,106,140],"multiple":[38,51,65],"equilibria":[39,55,66],"and":[40,59,97,115,178],"dominant":[42],"stand":[43],"here":[44],"that:":[46],"Non-monotonic":[47],"demand":[49],"generates":[50],"steady":[52],"states.":[53],"Multiple":[54],"with":[56],"financial":[60,126],"indeed":[64],"but":[67],"not":[68],"all":[69],"them":[71],"stable.":[73],"And":[74],"in":[75,89],"stable":[86],"equilibria.":[87],"Ramsey-Mirrlees-Pigou":[88],"DTC-SBTC":[90],"model":[91],"showed":[93],"that":[94],"taxes":[95,112,171],"(environmental":[96],"income)":[98],"decreasing":[100],"while":[103],"clean":[104,123,134,143],"increasing":[107],"inequality.":[108,167],"Effect":[109],"carbon":[111,119],"ambiguous":[114],"optimal":[116,122,133],"subsidy:":[117],"higher":[118,125],"tax":[120],"lowers":[121],"subsidy,":[124,135],"or":[128,158],"worse":[129],"conditions,":[131],"lower":[132],"effects":[136],"social":[138],"preferences":[139],"ambiguous.":[141],"If":[142],"sector":[144],"creates":[145],"jobs":[147],"government":[148,161],"may":[149,154,162],"increase":[150],"subsidies,":[151,173],"if":[152],"benefit":[155],"skilled":[156],"workers":[157],"capital":[159],"owners,":[160],"reduce":[163],"to":[165],"limit":[166],"Policy":[168],"tools":[169],"interact,":[170],"substitute":[172],"weaken":[176],"them,":[177],"inequality":[179],"reshapes":[180],"them\u200b.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-08-21T00:00:00"}
