{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203785539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","title":"Mechanical Scarification and Sucrose Priming Overcome Physical Dormancy in Caesalpinia spinosa (Tara) Seeds from the Peruvian Highlands","display_name":"Mechanical Scarification and Sucrose Priming Overcome Physical Dormancy in Caesalpinia spinosa (Tara) Seeds from the Peruvian Highlands","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203785539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","pdf_url":"https://thescipub.com/pdf/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216674","display_name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","issn_l":"1608-4217","issn":["1608-4217","2410-8561"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://thescipub.com/pdf/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114367553","display_name":"Wilfredo Ruiz-Camacho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133295647","display_name":"National University Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza","ror":"https://ror.org/0323wfn23","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wilfredo Ruiz-Camacho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015653271","display_name":"\u00cdtalo Maldonado Ram\u00edrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3147-3519","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3147-3519"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133295647","display_name":"National University Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza","ror":"https://ror.org/0323wfn23","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00cdtalo Maldonado Ramirez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098810987","display_name":"Juan Eduardo Suarez Rivadeneira","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133295647","display_name":"National University Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza","ror":"https://ror.org/0323wfn23","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Eduardo Suarez Rivadeneira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ingenier\u00eda Ambiental (INAM) , Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda de Sistemas y Mec\u00e1nica El\u00e9ctrica , Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza de Amazonas , Bagua 01721 , Peru"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ingenier\u00eda Ambiental (INAM) , Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda de Sistemas y Mec\u00e1nica El\u00e9ctrica , Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza de Amazonas , Bagua 01721 , Peru","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124980256","display_name":"Juan Alberto Rojas Castillo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133295647","display_name":"National University Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza","ror":"https://ror.org/0323wfn23","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Alberto Rojas Castillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108312876","display_name":"Edilbrando Vega Calder\u00f3n","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133295647","display_name":"National University Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza","ror":"https://ror.org/0323wfn23","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edilbrando Vega Calderon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124989778","display_name":"Mayra Pamela Musayon D\u00edaz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133295647","display_name":"National University Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza","ror":"https://ror.org/0323wfn23","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayra Pamela Musay\u00f3n Diaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza , Chachapoyas , Amazonas , Per\u00fa , Bagua 01721 , Per\u00fa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133295647"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6287,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92681598,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11098","display_name":"Seed Germination and Physiology","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11098","display_name":"Seed Germination and Physiology","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12870","display_name":"Seedling growth and survival studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12201","display_name":"Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caesalpinia-spinosa","display_name":"Caesalpinia spinosa","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tara","display_name":"Tara","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-scarification","display_name":"mechanical scarification","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osmotic-priming","display_name":"osmotic priming","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hot-water-treatment","display_name":"hot water treatment","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-germination","display_name":"seed germination","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seedling-growth","display_name":"seedling growth","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursery-propagation","display_name":"nursery propagation","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reforestation","display_name":"reforestation","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peruvian-andes","display_name":"Peruvian Andes","score":0.699999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778395844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570784","display_name":"Scarification","level":4,"score":0.9340999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776597308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608215","display_name":"Caesalpinia","level":2,"score":0.785099983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193838","display_name":"Germination","level":2,"score":0.7224000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385709","display_name":"Seedling","level":2,"score":0.6909000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6269000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3527866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162267","display_name":"Dormancy","level":3,"score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81444415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7243535","display_name":"Priming (agriculture)","level":3,"score":0.5231000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780309462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187607","display_name":"Tannin","level":2,"score":0.49549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027534","display_name":"Sucrose","level":2,"score":0.4912000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.4397999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88548481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2397491","display_name":"Seed dormancy","level":4,"score":0.43540000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.4156000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.3142000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46254838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156536","display_name":"Completely randomized design","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778849333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252666","display_name":"Seed treatment","level":3,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25761633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464666","display_name":"Vegetative reproduction","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","pdf_url":"https://thescipub.com/pdf/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216674","display_name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","issn_l":"1608-4217","issn":["1608-4217","2410-8561"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053","pdf_url":"https://thescipub.com/pdf/ojbsci.2026.26.03.053.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216674","display_name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","issn_l":"1608-4217","issn":["1608-4217","2410-8561"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203785539.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203785539.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2187781510","https://openalex.org/W2905268943","https://openalex.org/W2949658793","https://openalex.org/W3195590591","https://openalex.org/W3208999203","https://openalex.org/W3216124947","https://openalex.org/W4294308803","https://openalex.org/W4321789900","https://openalex.org/W4387830044","https://openalex.org/W4396814992","https://openalex.org/W4401341933","https://openalex.org/W4408156443","https://openalex.org/W7079504149","https://openalex.org/W7127931513","https://openalex.org/W7143277942","https://openalex.org/W7162189931"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2328942595","https://openalex.org/W2045318345","https://openalex.org/W2336092606","https://openalex.org/W2949658793","https://openalex.org/W3198730635","https://openalex.org/W2993478930","https://openalex.org/W4411217649","https://openalex.org/W4389133255","https://openalex.org/W3195590591","https://openalex.org/W2158159334"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Caesalpinia":[0],"spinose":[1],"(tara)":[2],"is":[3,25],"a":[4,33,86,102,226],"leguminous":[5],"tree":[6],"native":[7],"to":[8,45,161],"the":[9,142,157,164,175,196,238],"Peruvian":[10,239],"Andes-Amazon":[11],"region,":[12],"valued":[13],"for":[14,90,231],"soil":[15],"restoration":[16],"and":[17,35,48,113,128,139,174,186,210,224,234],"high":[18],"tannin":[19],"content.":[20],"However,":[21],"its":[22],"large-scale":[23],"propagation":[24,233],"constrained":[26],"by":[27,32,83,105],"physical":[28,218],"seed":[29,37,207],"dormancy":[30,47],"caused":[31],"hard":[34],"impermeable":[36],"coat.":[38],"This":[39],"study":[40],"evaluated":[41],"six":[42],"pre-germination":[43],"treatments":[44,151,154],"break":[46],"enhance":[49],"early":[50],"seedling":[51,222],"development":[52],"under":[53],"local":[54],"agroclimatic":[55],"conditions":[56],"in":[57,85,118,191,237],"Magdalena":[58],"District,":[59],"Chachapoyas,":[60],"Peru.":[61],"A":[62],"completely":[63],"randomized":[64],"block":[65],"design":[66],"with":[67,79,101,213],"three":[68],"replicates":[69],"was":[70],"used.":[71],"Treatments":[72,137],"included":[73],"mechanical":[74,99,187],"scarification":[75],"(seed":[76],"coat":[77,208],"incision":[78,209],"nail":[80],"clippers)":[81],"followed":[82,104],"soaking":[84,107],"10%":[87,214],"sucrose":[88,106,215],"solution":[89],"2,":[91],"4,":[92],"or":[93],"6":[94],"days":[95],"(T1,":[96],"T2,":[97],"T3);":[98],"dehulling":[100,188],"mill":[103],"(T4);":[108],"hot":[109,182],"water":[110,120,183],"shock":[111,184],"(T5);":[112],"an":[114],"untreated":[115],"control":[116,197],"soaked":[117],"cold":[119],"(T6).":[121],"Germination":[122],"percentage,":[123],"plant":[124],"height,":[125],"leaf":[126],"number,":[127],"root":[129],"length":[130],"were":[131],"recorded":[132],"over":[133],"approximately":[134],"8":[135],"weeks.":[136],"T2":[138],"T3":[140],"achieved":[141],"highest":[143,165],"germination":[144,193],"rates":[145],"(90.7-92.5%),":[146],"significantly":[147],"outperforming":[148],"all":[149],"other":[150],"(p<0.001).":[152],"These":[153],"also":[155],"produced":[156],"tallest":[158],"seedlings":[159],"(up":[160],"8.2":[162],"cm),":[163],"number":[166],"of":[167,205],"true":[168],"leaves":[169],"(nearly":[170],"four":[171],"per":[172],"plant),":[173],"longest":[176],"roots":[177],"(>15":[178],"cm).":[179],"In":[180],"contrast,":[181],"(T5)":[185],"(T4)":[189],"resulted":[190],"low":[192],"(~20%),":[194],"while":[195],"(T6)":[198],"had":[199],"only":[200],"5.15%":[201],"germination.":[202],"The":[203],"combination":[204],"controlled":[206],"osmotic":[211],"priming":[212],"effectively":[216],"overcomes":[217],"dormancy,":[219],"promotes":[220],"vigorous":[221],"growth,":[223],"offers":[225],"simple,":[227],"low-cost":[228],"method":[229],"suitable":[230],"nursery":[232],"reforestation":[235],"programs":[236],"Andes.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-08-20T00:00:00"}