{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203776015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885","title":"Installed Renewable Capacity and Renewable Electricity Outcomes in Ukraine During War and Reconstruction: A Descriptive Analysis of Governance, Market, and Security Constraints","display_name":"Installed Renewable Capacity and Renewable Electricity Outcomes in Ukraine During War and Reconstruction: A Descriptive Analysis of Governance, Market, and Security Constraints","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203776015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en19163885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7203776015"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113149315","display_name":"\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0456\u044f \u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-6948","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-6948"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98435010","display_name":"Lviv Polytechnic National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0542q3127","country_code":"UA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98435010"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mariia Holovchak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Administrative and Financial Management, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera Str. 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-6948","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Administrative and Financial Management, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera Str. 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98435010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000041550","display_name":"\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0430\u043a \u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0440 \u042e\u0440\u0456\u0439\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-9601","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-9601","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3667-9384"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98435010","display_name":"Lviv Polytechnic National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0542q3127","country_code":"UA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98435010"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazar Podolchak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Administrative and Financial Management, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera Str. 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-9601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Administrative and Financial Management, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera Str. 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98435010"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003190624","display_name":"Veronika Karkovska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0178-4137","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0178-4137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98435010","display_name":"Lviv Polytechnic National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0542q3127","country_code":"UA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98435010"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veronika Karkovska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Administrative and Financial Management, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera Str. 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0178-4137","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Administrative and Financial Management, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera Str. 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98435010"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113149315"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98435010"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":1.6068,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78838038,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"16","first_page":"3885","last_page":"3885"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14481","display_name":"Renewable Energy and Sustainability","score":0.8895999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14481","display_name":"Renewable Energy and Sustainability","score":0.8895999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12129","display_name":"Global Energy Security and Policy","score":0.03909999877214432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2100","display_name":"General Energy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12271","display_name":"Renewable energy and sustainable power systems","score":0.032600000500679016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ukraine","display_name":"Ukraine","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-conflict-reconstruction","display_name":"post-conflict reconstruction","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decarbonization","display_name":"decarbonization","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-bankability","display_name":"project bankability","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-plus-storage","display_name":"solar plus storage","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-reinforcement","display_name":"grid reinforcement","score":0.4749999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.7971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.6007999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.590399980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71554815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200974","display_name":"Nameplate capacity","level":4,"score":0.5551000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.511900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40675005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170196","display_name":"Hydropower","level":2,"score":0.4952999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.490200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105442212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q279637","display_name":"Feed-in tariff","level":4,"score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992120494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27137","display_name":"Electricity system","level":4,"score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777172336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2700433","display_name":"Energy security","level":3,"score":0.45159998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.4221000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.40639999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57101690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2356921","display_name":"Electricity retailing","level":4,"score":0.39640000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.3589000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.34290000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777890234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q795757","display_name":"Energy transition","level":4,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780789856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915732","display_name":"Variable renewable energy","level":4,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146733006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676081","display_name":"Electricity market","level":3,"score":0.3172000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143517461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138571","display_name":"Renewable resource","level":3,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779553522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15261121","display_name":"National Grid","level":3,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171666300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067107","display_name":"Small hydro","level":3,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779961549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2685471","display_name":"Net metering","level":4,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131046424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1805337","display_name":"Energy policy","level":3,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/en19163885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45cdd6500f294ed9adc50638b9fba007","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45cdd6500f294ed9adc50638b9fba007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energies, Vol 19, Iss 16, p 3885 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en19163885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9853000044822693},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.8970999717712402},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.821399986743927},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.666700005531311}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981149119","https://openalex.org/W1987971958","https://openalex.org/W2011430131","https://openalex.org/W2015601138","https://openalex.org/W2028868384","https://openalex.org/W2072485161","https://openalex.org/W2089635373","https://openalex.org/W2099330597","https://openalex.org/W2123532539","https://openalex.org/W2503976405","https://openalex.org/W2766604633","https://openalex.org/W3000135192","https://openalex.org/W3184828008","https://openalex.org/W4320027470","https://openalex.org/W4390696161","https://openalex.org/W4401893795","https://openalex.org/W4402598146","https://openalex.org/W4408305029","https://openalex.org/W4412825461","https://openalex.org/W7117469534","https://openalex.org/W7128949722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393512185","https://openalex.org/W4402598146","https://openalex.org/W7124286566","https://openalex.org/W7147157118","https://openalex.org/W7171631942","https://openalex.org/W4400937125","https://openalex.org/W7171424740","https://openalex.org/W4411962587","https://openalex.org/W4415557774","https://openalex.org/W4416988399"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ukraine\u2019s":[0,87],"renewable":[1,19],"electricity":[2,23,55,89],"transition":[3],"combines":[4],"decarbonisation":[5],"with":[6,34,103],"wartime":[7,199],"resilience":[8],"and":[9,21,37,47,71,91,110,134,145,170,198,209,212,221],"post-war":[10],"reconstruction.":[11],"This":[12],"study":[13],"examines":[14],"the":[15,39,43,48,124,128,155],"relationship":[16],"between":[17],"installed":[18,88],"capacity":[20,64,90],"realised":[22],"generation":[24,94],"using":[25],"a":[26,30,79,98,167],"structured":[27],"institutional":[28],"diagnostic;":[29],"same-year":[31],"2023":[32,63],"benchmark":[33],"Poland,":[35,106],"Romania,":[36,109],"Slovakia;":[38],"capacity-realisation":[40],"index":[41],"(CRI);":[42],"capacity-deficit":[44],"ratio":[45],"(CDR);":[46],"exploratory":[49,156],"k-means":[50],"clustering":[51,58],"of":[52,86,93,100,132,138],"42":[53],"European":[54],"systems.":[56],"The":[57,178],"model":[59],"uses":[60],"four":[61],"non-overlapping":[62],"variables\u2014renewable":[65],"hydropower,":[66],"onshore":[67],"wind,":[68],"solar":[69],"PV,":[70],"bioenergy\u2014while":[72],"treating":[73],"pure":[74],"pumped":[75],"storage":[76],"separately":[77],"as":[78],"flexibility":[80,219],"characteristic.":[81],"Renewables":[82],"accounted":[83],"for":[84,140,143,147,224],"24.8%":[85],"18%":[92],"in":[95,105,108,112],"2023,":[96],"yielding":[97],"CRI":[99],"0.73,":[101],"compared":[102],"0.59":[104],"0.76":[107],"0.68":[111],"Slovakia.":[113],"Ukraine":[114,164],"therefore":[115],"does":[116,185],"not":[117,186],"exhibit":[118],"uniquely":[119],"weak":[120],"capacity\u2013generation":[121],"alignment":[122],"within":[123],"selected":[125],"benchmark.":[126],"Nevertheless,":[127],"summer":[129],"2024":[130],"CDR":[131],"19.2%":[133],"Energy":[135],"Community":[136],"scores":[137],"72%":[139],"decarbonisation,":[141],"56%":[142],"markets,":[144],"26%":[146],"energy":[148],"security":[149],"document":[150],"substantial":[151],"system":[152],"stress.":[153],"In":[154],"k":[157],"=":[158,162],"3":[159],"solution":[160],"(silhouette":[161],"0.645),":[163],"belongs":[165],"to":[166,190],"33-case":[168],"cluster":[169],"lies":[171],"0.563":[172],"standardised":[173],"units":[174],"from":[175],"its":[176],"centroid.":[177],"combined":[179],"evidence":[180],"is":[181],"consistent":[182],"with,":[183],"but":[184],"prove,":[187],"constraints":[188],"related":[189],"settlement":[191],"discipline,":[192],"grid":[193,216],"evacuation,":[194],"balancing,":[195],"project":[196],"bankability,":[197],"security.":[200],"Policy":[201],"priorities":[202],"include":[203],"audited":[204],"arrears":[205],"resolution,":[206],"financeable":[207],"auctions":[208],"PPAs,":[210],"curtailment":[211],"war-risk":[213],"provisions,":[214],"targeted":[215],"reinforcement,":[217],"competitive":[218],"procurement,":[220],"solar-plus-storage":[222],"systems":[223],"critical":[225],"facilities.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2026-08-20T00:00:00"}