{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203770331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","title":"Effect of Assisted Sintering Temperature on the Structural, Dielectric, and Magnetic Properties of BaK$_{1-x}$Na$_x$Gd$_3$Fe$_5$O$_{15}$ Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze Ceramics","display_name":"Effect of Assisted Sintering Temperature on the Structural, Dielectric, and Magnetic Properties of BaK$_{1-x}$Na$_x$Gd$_3$Fe$_5$O$_{15}$ Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze Ceramics","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203770331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62762/jaem.2026.128242"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","pdf_url":"https://www.icck.org/filebob/uploads/storage/JAEM_B7EpLThXbGvAU8sEP.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055491","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials","issn_l":"3070-5649","issn":["3070-5649"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.icck.org/filebob/uploads/storage/JAEM_B7EpLThXbGvAU8sEP.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110912322","display_name":"Syeda Mahnoor Fatima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5163-8801","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5163-8801"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746803","display_name":"NED University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05db8zr24","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746803"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syeda Mahnoor Fatima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5163-8801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051092141","display_name":"Fayaz Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4337-7006","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4337-7006"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746803","display_name":"NED University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05db8zr24","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746803"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fayaz Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4337-7006","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147608493","display_name":"Shehreen Nadeem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746803","display_name":"NED University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05db8zr24","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746803"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shehreen Nadeem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002228513","display_name":"Muhammad Fahad Riaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-5706","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-5706","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1497-4549"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I343975184","display_name":"Dawood University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/030xw6n96","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Fahad Riaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-5706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064373896","display_name":"Sajida Sheikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3124-6148","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3124-6148"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746803","display_name":"NED University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05db8zr24","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746803"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajida Sheikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092173085","display_name":"Yasemin Tabak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4912-8828","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4912-8828"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124062","display_name":"T\u00fcbitak National Metrology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02zcjdk53","country_code":"TR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124062"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasemin Tabak","raw_affiliation_strings":["TUBITAK National Metrology Institute (UME), Gebze, Kocaeli 41470, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TUBITAK National Metrology Institute (UME), Gebze, Kocaeli 41470, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124062"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020410457","display_name":"Atilla Evcin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-5097","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-5097"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52407163","display_name":"Afyon Kocatepe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1crh56","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52407163"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atilla Evcin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Science and Engineering Department, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 032004, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Science and Engineering Department, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 032004, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52407163"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54149889,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":"101","last_page":"112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10922","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites","score":0.4666000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10922","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites","score":0.4666000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10886","display_name":"Multiferroics and related materials","score":0.20430000126361847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12155","display_name":"Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis","score":0.15440000593662262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tetragonal-tungsten-bronze","display_name":"tetragonal tungsten bronze","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-sintering","display_name":"cold sintering","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-substitution","display_name":"sodium substitution","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonstoichiometry","display_name":"nonstoichiometry","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/densification","display_name":"densification","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric-properties","display_name":"dielectric properties","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferrimagnetism","display_name":"ferrimagnetism","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-properties","display_name":"magnetic properties","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-interaction","display_name":"exchange interaction","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-growth","display_name":"grain growth","score":0.5759999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8942000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777581544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844613","display_name":"Sintering","level":2,"score":0.8862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542268612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743","display_name":"Tungsten","level":2,"score":0.7311999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134132462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45621","display_name":"Ceramic","level":2,"score":0.6482999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170751736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503601","display_name":"Tetragonal crystal system","level":3,"score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.5623000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46275449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2458815","display_name":"Crystallinity","level":2,"score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192191005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466491","display_name":"Grain size","level":2,"score":0.4805999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778478046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34095","display_name":"Bronze","level":2,"score":0.4456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C779372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217121","display_name":"Ferrimagnetism","level":4,"score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98390173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1492573","display_name":"Grain growth","level":3,"score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91066073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417868","display_name":"Dielectric loss","level":3,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47441113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9691942","display_name":"Magnetic hysteresis","level":4,"score":0.33090001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138999460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787619","display_name":"Solid solution","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.25690001249313354}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","pdf_url":"https://www.icck.org/filebob/uploads/storage/JAEM_B7EpLThXbGvAU8sEP.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055491","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials","issn_l":"3070-5649","issn":["3070-5649"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62762/jaem.2026.128242","pdf_url":"https://www.icck.org/filebob/uploads/storage/JAEM_B7EpLThXbGvAU8sEP.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055491","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials","issn_l":"3070-5649","issn":["3070-5649"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6542018720","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRPU-17049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326275","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Commision, Pakistan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326275","display_name":"Higher Education Commision, Pakistan","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203770331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203770331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"series":[1],"of":[2,73,148],"non-stoichiometric":[3],"BaK$_{1-x}$Na$_x$Gd$_3$Fe$_5$O$_{15}$":[4],"($x":[5,106],"=":[6,107,118,121,124],"0.00$,":[7],"0.10,":[8],"0.20,":[9],"0.30)":[10],"tetragonal":[11],"tungsten":[12],"bronze":[13],"(TTB)":[14],"ceramics":[15],"were":[16],"synthesized":[17],"via":[18,102],"solid-state":[19],"reaction,":[20],"cold":[21],"sintering":[22,27,46,140],"at":[23,28,83,111],"150$^\\circ$C,":[24],"and":[25,30,39,52,133,145],"assisted":[26,45,95,109],"400$^\\circ$C":[29],"500$^\\circ$C.":[31],"XRD":[32],"confirmed":[33,99],"single-phase":[34],"TTB":[35,149],"formation.":[36],"Enhanced":[37],"crystallinity":[38],"sharper":[40],"diffraction":[41],"peaks":[42],"with":[43,60,66,80,138],"increasing":[44],"temperature":[47],"indicated":[48],"improved":[49,131],"grain":[50,135],"growth":[51],"ordering.":[53],"Density":[54],"measurements":[55,98],"revealed":[56],"Na$^+$":[57],"substitution":[58],"combined":[59],"salt-assisted":[61],"processing":[62],"significantly":[63],"influenced":[64],"densification,":[65],"BKGF-1NST$_2$":[67],"achieving":[68],"the":[69,142],"highest":[70],"bulk":[71],"density":[72],"4.32g/cm$^3$.":[74],"Dielectric":[75],"characterization":[76],"showed":[77],"frequency-dependent":[78],"behavior":[79,101],"decreasing":[81],"loss":[82],"higher":[84],"frequencies,":[85],"while":[86],"selected":[87],"compositions":[88],"exhibited":[89],"stable":[90],"dielectric":[91],"response":[92],"after":[93],"500$^\\circ$C":[94],"sintering.":[96],"Magnetic":[97],"ferrimagnetic":[100],"Fe$^{3+}$-mediated":[103],"interactions.":[104],"BKGF-2NT$_2$":[105],"0.20$,":[108],"sintered":[110],"500$^\\circ$C)":[112],"delivered":[113],"optimal":[114],"magnetic":[115,146],"performance:":[116],"$M_s":[117],"4.97$emug$^{-1}$,":[119],"$M_r":[120],"1.59$emug$^{-1}$,":[122],"$H_c":[123],"1435.84$Oe,":[125],"attributed":[126],"to":[127],"optimized":[128],"exchange":[129],"interactions,":[130],"crystallinity,":[132],"enhanced":[134],"connectivity.":[136],"Co-doping":[137],"cold-assisted":[139],"governs":[141],"structural,":[143],"dielectric,":[144],"properties":[147],"ceramics.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2026-08-20T00:00:00"}
