{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203710107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","title":"Parental nutrition knowledge, feeding practices, and dietary behaviors among preschool children in the West Bank, Palestine: a cross-sectional study","display_name":"Parental nutrition knowledge, feeding practices, and dietary behaviors among preschool children in the West Bank, Palestine: a cross-sectional study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203710107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200437886","display_name":"BMC Public Health","issn_l":"1471-2458","issn":["1471-2458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119827356","display_name":"Lilyan Jarrar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1120-9472","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1120-9472"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17533244","display_name":"An-Najah National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0046mja08","country_code":"PS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}],"countries":["PS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lilyan Jarrar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147420912","display_name":"Shahenaz Abualrob","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17533244","display_name":"An-Najah National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0046mja08","country_code":"PS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}],"countries":["PS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahenaz Abualrob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147426679","display_name":"Natal Abbasi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17533244","display_name":"An-Najah National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0046mja08","country_code":"PS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}],"countries":["PS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natal Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lina Sawalha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17533244","display_name":"An-Najah National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0046mja08","country_code":"PS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}],"countries":["PS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lina Sawalha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147438196","display_name":"Nada Alhawah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17533244","display_name":"An-Najah National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0046mja08","country_code":"PS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}],"countries":["PS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nada Alhawah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147414322","display_name":"Malak Zughayer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17533244","display_name":"An-Najah National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0046mja08","country_code":"PS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}],"countries":["PS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malak Zughayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107489885","display_name":"Lana Malhis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5525-3841","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5525-3841"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17533244","display_name":"An-Najah National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0046mja08","country_code":"PS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}],"countries":["PS"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lana Malhis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","Department of Scientific Research and Medical Projects, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5525-3841","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Scientific Research and Medical Projects, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107489885"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64790282,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12873","display_name":"Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior","score":0.6758000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12873","display_name":"Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior","score":0.6758000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13393","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues","score":0.24320000410079956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10010","display_name":"Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet","score":0.05640000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-nutrition-knowledge","display_name":"parental nutrition knowledge","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feeding-practices","display_name":"feeding practices","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/screen-time","display_name":"screen time","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-and-vegetable-intake","display_name":"fruit and vegetable intake","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-availability","display_name":"food availability","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-as-reward","display_name":"food as reward","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-to-eat","display_name":"pressure to eat","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-restriction","display_name":"dietary restriction","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-refusal","display_name":"food refusal","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-reinforcement","display_name":"positive reinforcement","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/west-bank","display_name":"West Bank","score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-environment","display_name":"food environment","score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood-nutrition","display_name":"early childhood nutrition","score":0.5410000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140556311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214746","display_name":"Biostatistics","level":3,"score":0.7584999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5953999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64341305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4919225","display_name":"Bivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.46639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.45509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87227347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100713","display_name":"Ordered logit","level":2,"score":0.45410001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4041000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777082460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3377398","display_name":"Early childhood","level":2,"score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017896982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5906358","display_name":"Healthy eating","level":3,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017650416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3281331","display_name":"Feeding behavior","level":2,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C986699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7939","display_name":"El Ni\u00f1o","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020271038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3281331","display_name":"Eating behavior","level":3,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188321436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1826488","display_name":"General linear model","level":3,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109260823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407784","display_name":"Child development","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129230472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767036","display_name":"Food group","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110313322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100793","display_name":"Ordinal regression","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200437886","display_name":"BMC Public Health","issn_l":"1471-2458","issn":["1471-2458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-29092-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200437886","display_name":"BMC Public Health","issn_l":"1471-2458","issn":["1471-2458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7596466541290283,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"childhood":[1,436],"is":[2,205],"a":[3,111,207,234],"critical":[4],"period":[5],"for":[6,210],"the":[7,32,38,74,105,159,167,180,264,359,388,440],"development":[8],"of":[9,95,104,174,179,192,392,432,439],"dietary":[10,51,68,134,360,381,393],"behaviors,":[11,394,429],"and":[12,14,27,48,59,62,86,92,117,126,131,144,177,252,277,279,282,288,296,305,318,339,348,358,379,430],"parents":[13,91],"caregivers":[15,94,433],"play":[16],"an":[17],"important":[18],"role":[19],"in":[20,73,101,257,263,434],"shaping":[21],"children\u2019s":[22,50],"food":[23,294,351,421],"environments,":[24,422],"feeding":[25,46,60,377,417],"routines,":[26,425],"eating":[28,424],"practices.":[29],"Evidence":[30],"from":[31,411],"West":[33,75,107],"Bank":[34],"remains":[35],"limited":[36],"regarding":[37],"combined":[39],"relationships":[40,446],"among":[41,70,89],"parental":[42,56,120,169,184,236,355],"nutrition":[43,57,121,185,356,371,407,413],"knowledge,":[44,122],"multidimensional":[45],"practices,":[47],"preschool":[49,71],"behaviors.":[52,135],"This":[53,78],"study":[54,81],"assessed":[55],"knowledge":[58,170,186,237,357,372],"practices":[61,378],"examined":[63],"their":[64],"associations":[65],"with":[66,233,272,283,301,314,326,333,342,415],"selected":[67,102,396],"behaviors":[69,382],"children":[72,96],"Bank,":[76],"Palestine.":[77],"analytical":[79],"cross-sectional":[80,441],"was":[82,156,187,231,312,324,373,387],"conducted":[83],"between":[84,354],"March":[85],"May":[87],"2026":[88],"350":[90],"primary":[93],"aged":[97],"2\u20135":[98],"years":[99],"residing":[100],"governorates":[103],"northern":[106],"Bank.":[108],"Participants":[109],"completed":[110],"structured":[112,423],"self-administered":[113],"questionnaire":[114],"assessing":[115],"sociodemographic":[116],"child-related":[118],"characteristics,":[119],"nine":[123],"Feeding":[124],"Practices":[125],"Structure":[127],"Questionnaire-28":[128],"(FPSQ-28)":[129],"domains,":[130],"five":[132],"child":[133,228,380],"Descriptive":[136],"statistics,":[137],"non-parametric":[138],"bivariate":[139],"analyses,":[140],"multiple":[141],"linear":[142,225],"regression,":[143,226],"ordinal":[145,172],"logistic":[146],"regression":[147],"were":[148,299],"performed.":[149],"Benjamini\u2013Hochberg":[150],"false":[151],"discovery":[152],"rate":[153],"(FDR)":[154],"correction":[155,262],"applied":[157],"to":[158,246,310,427],"principal":[160],"substantive":[161],"exposure\u2013outcome":[162],"comparisons.":[163],"Sensitivity":[164],"analyses":[165],"addressed":[166],"bounded":[168],"score,":[171],"coding":[173],"screen":[175,229,268,385],"time,":[176],"violations":[178],"proportional-odds":[181],"assumption.":[182],"Mean":[183],"5.09":[188],"\u00b1":[189],"0.83":[190],"out":[191],"6,":[193],"indicating":[194],"generally":[195,374],"high":[196,216],"knowledge.":[197],"Only":[198],"49.7%":[199],"correctly":[200],"identified":[201],"that":[202,405],"natural":[203],"juice":[204],"not":[206,363],"healthy":[208,293],"substitute":[209],"whole":[211],"fruit.":[212],"The":[213,402],"FPSQ-28":[214],"demonstrated":[215],"internal":[217],"consistency":[218],"(Cronbach\u2019s":[219],"\u03b1":[220],"=":[221,240,250],"0.918).":[222],"In":[223],"adjusted":[224],"higher":[227,267],"time":[230,269,386],"associated":[232,271,300,313,325],"lower":[235,349],"score":[238],"(B":[239],"\u2212":[241,247],"0.116,":[242],"95%":[243],"CI:":[244],"\u22120.210":[245],"0.023,":[248],"p":[249],".015),":[251],"this":[253],"association":[254],"remained":[255,270],"consistent":[256,390],"sensitivity":[258],"analyses.":[259],"After":[260],"FDR":[261,368],"dietary-behavior":[265],"models,":[266],"less":[273,315,334],"frequent":[274,285,303,316,328,335,344],"breakfast":[275],"consumption":[276,347],"fruit":[278,304,317],"vegetable":[280,306,319],"intake":[281],"more":[284,302,327,343],"unhealthy":[286,336,345],"snack":[287,337,346],"sweetened":[289,329],"drink":[290,330],"consumption.":[291],"Higher":[292],"availability":[295],"positive":[297],"reinforcement":[298],"intake,":[307],"whereas":[308],"pressure":[309],"eat":[311],"intake.":[320],"Food":[321],"as":[322],"reward":[323],"consumption,":[331,338],"restriction":[332],"variety":[340],"encouragement":[341],"reported":[350],"refusal.":[352],"Associations":[353],"outcomes":[361],"did":[362],"remain":[364],"statistically":[365],"supported":[366],"after":[367],"correction.":[369],"Parental":[370],"high,":[375],"but":[376],"varied.":[383],"Child":[384],"most":[389],"correlate":[391],"while":[395],"feeding-practice":[397],"domains":[398],"showed":[399],"behavior-specific":[400],"associations.":[401],"findings":[403],"suggest":[404],"family-centered":[406],"approaches":[408],"may":[409],"benefit":[410],"combining":[412],"information":[414],"practical":[416],"guidance,":[418],"supportive":[419],"home":[420],"attention":[426],"screen-related":[428],"involvement":[431],"early":[435],"nutrition.":[437],"Because":[438],"design,":[442],"causal":[443],"or":[444],"directional":[445],"cannot":[447],"be":[448],"inferred.":[449]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2026-08-19T00:00:00"}