{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203668241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","title":"Effects of attenuated influenza virus administration to young children on pneumococcal density and acquisition in UK families: a randomised controlled trial","display_name":"Effects of attenuated influenza virus administration to young children on pneumococcal density and acquisition in UK families: a randomised controlled trial","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203668241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42612652","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13633236"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190705","display_name":"The Lancet Microbe","issn_l":"2666-5247","issn":["2666-5247"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet Microbe","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048051961","display_name":"Jane Metz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2064-8675","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2064-8675"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801868026","display_name":"Bristol Royal Hospital for Children","ror":"https://ror.org/01qgecw57","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801868026","https://openalex.org/I4405276282"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738148","display_name":"University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/03jzzxg14","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392738148","https://openalex.org/I4405276282"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jane Metz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK. Electronic address: jane.metz@bristol.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2064-8675","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK. Electronic address: jane.metz@bristol.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801868026","https://openalex.org/I36234482","https://openalex.org/I4392738148"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030190951","display_name":"George Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-0884","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-0884","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3768-9249"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078646028","display_name":"Begonia M. Morales\u2010Aza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4760-543X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4760-543X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Begonia Morales-Aza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113040794","display_name":"Jennifer Oliver","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Oliver","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058367141","display_name":"Elizabeth Oliver","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1211-1942","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1211-1942"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Oliver","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1211-1942","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015203163","display_name":"Helen M. Rice","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen Rice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039675457","display_name":"Kaltun Duale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7126-5319","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7126-5319"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaltun Duale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016489221","display_name":"Paul Trafford Heath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7540-7433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7540-7433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726869","display_name":"City St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/047ybhc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Heath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vaccine Institute, Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, City St Georges, University of London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vaccine Institute, Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, City St Georges, University of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073745658","display_name":"Saul N. Faust","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3410-7642","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3410-7642"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118229","display_name":"NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01qqpzg67","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802965805","https://openalex.org/I4210118229","https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saul Faust","raw_affiliation_strings":["NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118229","https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030730584","display_name":"Matthew D. Snape","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-5426","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-5426"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Snape","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059281515","display_name":"Stephen Miles Hughes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5077-9065","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5077-9065"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092852","display_name":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/00he80998","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092852"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160221","display_name":"Royal Manchester Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/052vjje65","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092852","https://openalex.org/I4210160221"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092852","https://openalex.org/I4210160221"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016692188","display_name":"Laura Hole","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148984","display_name":"Gloucestershire Royal Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05gh5ar80","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802266942","https://openalex.org/I4210148984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Hole","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110014944","display_name":"Rebecca Mann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800820451","display_name":"Musgrove Park Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/042fv2404","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800820451"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Mann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800820451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030914420","display_name":"Fiona Shackley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164839","display_name":"Sheffield Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05mshxb09","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121472","https://openalex.org/I4210164839"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fiona Shackley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110037124","display_name":"P T Rudd","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800549715","display_name":"Royal United Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00a858n67","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800549715","https://openalex.org/I4210161895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161895","display_name":"Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/058x7dy48","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161895"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Rudd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800549715","https://openalex.org/I4210161895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083053438","display_name":"Si\u00e2n Ludman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-4957","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-4957"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799452589","display_name":"Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/03085z545","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799452589","https://openalex.org/I4405257583"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257583","display_name":"Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/05e5ahc59","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257583"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Si\u00e2n Ludman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799452589","https://openalex.org/I4405257583"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070628953","display_name":"Bradford D. Gessner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-7194","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-7194"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180857899","display_name":"Pfizer (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180857899"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bradford Gessner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pfizer Vaccines, Collegeville, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pfizer Vaccines, Collegeville, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180857899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042656326","display_name":"Le\u00f3n Danon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7076-1871","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7076-1871"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leon Danon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034393834","display_name":"Adam H.R. Finn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1756-5668","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1756-5668"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801868026","display_name":"Bristol Royal Hospital for Children","ror":"https://ror.org/01qgecw57","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801868026","https://openalex.org/I4405276282"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738148","display_name":"University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/03jzzxg14","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392738148","https://openalex.org/I4405276282"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Finn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol Vaccine Centre, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and School of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801868026","https://openalex.org/I36234482","https://openalex.org/I4392738148"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":17,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048051961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801868026","https://openalex.org/I36234482","https://openalex.org/I4392738148"],"apc_list":{"value":7280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7280},"apc_paid":{"value":7280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7280},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"10","first_page":"101422","last_page":"101422"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10654","display_name":"Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10654","display_name":"Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10873","display_name":"Bacterial Infections and Vaccines","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/live-attenuated-influenza-vaccine","display_name":"live attenuated influenza vaccine","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streptococcus-pneumoniae","display_name":"Streptococcus pneumoniae","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumococcal-carriage","display_name":"pneumococcal carriage","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-transmission","display_name":"household transmission","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-protection","display_name":"indirect protection","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-children","display_name":"young children","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasopharyngeal-carriage","display_name":"nasopharyngeal carriage","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyta-gene","display_name":"lytA gene","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination-timing","display_name":"vaccination timing","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-safety","display_name":"vaccine safety","score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-events","display_name":"adverse events","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family","display_name":"family","score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-acquired-pneumonia","display_name":"community-acquired pneumonia","score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invasive-pneumococcal-disease","display_name":"invasive pneumococcal disease","score":0.6579999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8826000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.6086000204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133239900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2043512","display_name":"Live attenuated influenza vaccine","level":4,"score":0.46160000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780765947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12033531","display_name":"Administration (probate law)","level":2,"score":0.46160000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.4366999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778866548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205991","display_name":"Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine","level":4,"score":0.42739999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777546802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834390","display_name":"Influenza A virus","level":3,"score":0.3711000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.3427000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018751465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4120645","display_name":"Seasonal influenza","level":5,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781416681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287246","display_name":"Orthomyxoviridae","level":4,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777914695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12192","display_name":"Pneumonia","level":2,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779301066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14538008","display_name":"Pneumococcal vaccine","level":4,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776012195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754447","display_name":"Respiratory tract infections","level":3,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018061469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2723958","display_name":"Pandemic influenza","level":5,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002353","descriptor_name":"Carrier State","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002353","descriptor_name":"Carrier State","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006113","descriptor_name":"United Kingdom","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007251","descriptor_name":"Influenza, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007252","descriptor_name":"Influenza Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007252","descriptor_name":"Influenza Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007252","descriptor_name":"Influenza Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009305","descriptor_name":"Nasopharynx","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011008","descriptor_name":"Pneumococcal Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011008","descriptor_name":"Pneumococcal Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011008","descriptor_name":"Pneumococcal Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013296","descriptor_name":"Streptococcus pneumoniae","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013296","descriptor_name":"Streptococcus pneumoniae","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014613","descriptor_name":"Vaccines, Attenuated","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014613","descriptor_name":"Vaccines, Attenuated","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014613","descriptor_name":"Vaccines, Attenuated","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190705","display_name":"The Lancet Microbe","issn_l":"2666-5247","issn":["2666-5247"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet Microbe","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/2024.04.25.24306231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.04.25.24306231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.04.25.24306231","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2024/04/29/2024.04.25.24306231.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13633236","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13633236/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/instance/13633236/bin/mmc1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lancet Microbe","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42612652","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42612652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet. Microbe","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:514838","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/514838/1/THELANCETMICROBE-D-24-00595_R1_annotated_final.docx","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.sgul.ac.uk:119034","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","pdf_url":"https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/119034/2/1-s2.0-S2666524726000777-mmc1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400552","display_name":"St George's Online Research Archive (St George's University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","host_organization_name":"St George's, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:79253f3cbe9d452cbeb5b8bc1918a66c","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/79253f3cbe9d452cbeb5b8bc1918a66c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet Microbe, Vol 7, Iss 10, Pp 101422- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190705","display_name":"The Lancet Microbe","issn_l":"2666-5247","issn":["2666-5247"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet Microbe","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial"},{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307765","display_name":"Pfizer","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307770","display_name":"AstraZeneca","ror":"https://ror.org/04r9x1a08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307781","display_name":"Sanofi","ror":"https://ror.org/027vj4x92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314363","display_name":"European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00jvfh371"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314772","display_name":"Novavax","ror":"https://ror.org/01bhs6g30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319071","display_name":"Moderna","ror":"https://ror.org/01xm4wg91"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332036","display_name":"Seqirus","ror":"https://ror.org/03qptmm33"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203668241.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203668241.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1848366835","https://openalex.org/W1997157633","https://openalex.org/W2042512652","https://openalex.org/W2110219302","https://openalex.org/W2140748662","https://openalex.org/W2155216032","https://openalex.org/W2229704027","https://openalex.org/W2765711703","https://openalex.org/W2794519236","https://openalex.org/W2883496941","https://openalex.org/W2903100843","https://openalex.org/W2913080128","https://openalex.org/W3033338480","https://openalex.org/W3036786163","https://openalex.org/W3198941417","https://openalex.org/W4282940663","https://openalex.org/W4322490961"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396230842","https://openalex.org/W3198941417","https://openalex.org/W4214622971","https://openalex.org/W2913080128","https://openalex.org/W2304501580","https://openalex.org/W2229704027","https://openalex.org/W4378602824","https://openalex.org/W7135921897","https://openalex.org/W4366549573","https://openalex.org/W2982564879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,269],"live":[2],"attenuated":[3,620,702],"influenza":[4,17,703],"vaccine":[5],"(LAIV)":[6],"is":[7],"offered":[8],"in":[9,45,63,66,78,146,255,264,279,308,335,345,350,357,469,523,579,595,606,636,648,692,705,731,745],"the":[10,27,53,130,159,168,256,265,297,309,327,351,371,378,418,427,443,461,470,488,496,514,524,542,560,564,580,607,659,685,706,712,735,757],"UK":[11,93],"to":[12,35,42,50,60,108,166,241,249,325,347,370,386,417,426,618,672,681,684,724,751],"young":[13,693,746],"children,":[14,597],"protecting":[15],"against":[16],"for":[18,26,135,185,221,227,381,436],"those":[19],"vaccinated,":[20],"and":[21,106,119,191,199,219,237,260,284,296,302,331,341,374,384,399,403,407,422,455,460,482,487,508,513,536,541,598,651,674,759],"as":[22,55,289],"an":[23,43,61,333,348,701],"indirect":[24],"protection":[25],"wider":[28],"community.":[29],"LAIV":[30,112,170,174,246,258,267,288,387,420,429,445,472,498,526],"has":[31],"also":[32],"been":[33],"shown":[34],"increase":[36,62,73,334,349,578,605,635],"carriage":[37,64,223],"density":[38,65,278,337,588,644,740],"of":[39,235,272,304,312,353,438,449,476,502,517,530,545,553,559,582,609,638,661,714,737,741,764,771],"Streptococcus":[40],"pneumoniae,":[41,698],"extent,":[44],"children.":[46],"This":[47,721],"study":[48,87,274,372,389],"sought":[49],"confirm":[51],"whether":[52,71,332],"vaccine,":[54],"a":[56,84,99,177,230,572,599,628,652,728],"viral":[57],"proxy,":[58],"leads":[59],"children":[67,251,281,314,452,479,584,640,650,694,747],"and,":[68],"if":[69,368],"so,":[70],"this":[72,273],"augments":[74],"S":[75,276,305,317,354,612,664,697],"pneumoniae":[76,277,306,355,613,665],"acquisition":[77,356,716],"household":[79,124,310,358,504,532,610,662],"contacts.":[80,125,720],"METHODS:":[81],"We":[82,95,321],"conducted":[83],"randomised":[85],"control":[86],"(ISRCTN10720581,":[88],"now":[89],"complete)":[90],"across":[91],"ten":[92],"sites.":[94,187],"included":[96],"families":[97,190,393,412],"having":[98,585,641],"child":[100,132],"aged":[101],"2":[102,216,707],"years":[103,466,493],"(index":[104],"child)":[105],"due":[107],"receive":[109],"their":[110,718],"first":[111],"dose":[113],"under":[114],"National":[115],"Health":[116],"Service":[117],"criteria,":[118],"at":[120,252,261,282,299,319,756],"least":[121],"two":[122],"other":[123,147],"Participants":[126],"were":[127,162,195,207,275,316,366,375,394,415,434,453,458,480,485,506,511,534,539,676,679],"excluded":[128],"when":[129],"index":[131,250,280,313,440,451,478],"was":[133,143,247,338,464,491,519,547,571,627],"ineligible":[134],"LAIV,":[136],"had":[137],"primary":[138],"or":[139,142,149,155,172,388],"secondary":[140],"immunodeficiency,":[141],"currently":[144],"enrolled":[145,395],"trials":[148],"circumstances":[150],"that":[151,292,569,594,647,691],"could":[152,748],"jeopardise":[153],"participation":[154],"data":[156],"integrity":[157],"during":[158],"study.":[160,565,686],"Families":[161],"randomly":[163],"assigned":[164],"(1:1)":[165],"either":[167],"early":[169,257,419,444,497],"group":[171,175,259,421,527],"late":[173,266,428,471,525],"using":[176],"single":[178],"central":[179],"allocation":[180],"service":[181],"with":[182,229,291,593,646,696,700],"computerised":[183],"randomisation":[184],"all":[186,210],"After":[188],"randomisation,":[189],"clinical":[192],"research":[193,201],"staff":[194,202],"unmasked;":[196],"however,":[197],"laboratory":[198],"analytical":[200],"remained":[203],"masked.":[204],"Nasopharyngeal":[205],"swabs":[206],"collected":[208],"from":[209],"participants":[211],"over":[212],"five":[213],"visits,":[214],"each":[215],"weeks":[217,708],"apart,":[218],"tested":[220],"pneumococcal":[222,336,587,643,715],"by":[224,377,621,727],"quantitative":[225],"PCR":[226],"lytA,":[228],"cycle":[231],"threshold":[232],"(Ct)":[233],"cutoff":[234],"35,":[236],"Ct":[238],"values":[239],"converted":[240],"gene":[242],"copies":[243],"per":[244],"mL.":[245],"given":[248],"visit":[253,262],"1":[254],"3":[263],"group.":[268,430],"coprimary":[270],"outcomes":[271],"14":[283,301,340,589],"28":[285,342],"days":[286,300,343,590],"after":[287,360,709],"compared":[290,592,645],"on":[293,432,624],"day":[294,622],"0,":[295],"prevalence,":[298],"28,":[303,623],"colonisation":[307,744],"contacts":[311,505,518,533,546,611,663],"who":[315],"pneumoniae-positive":[318],"baseline.":[320],"developed":[322],"regression":[323],"models":[324],"analyse":[326],"association":[328],"between":[329,396,404],"vaccination":[330,710],"observed":[339],"later,":[344,591],"addition":[346],"odds":[352,581,608,637,660],"members":[359],"administering":[361],"LAIV.":[362],"Serious":[363],"adverse":[364,669],"events":[365,670],"recorded":[367],"reported":[369],"team":[373],"assessed":[376],"Chief":[379],"Investigator":[380],"seriousness,":[382],"expectedness,":[383],"relatedness":[385],"procedures.":[390],"FINDINGS:":[391],"405":[392,439,554],"Oct":[397,400],"3,":[398],"30,":[401],"2017,":[402],"Sept":[405],"27,":[406],"Nov":[408],"2,":[409],"2018.":[410],"205":[411],"(703":[413],"participants)":[414,425],"allocated":[416],"200":[423,477],"(676":[424],"Data":[431],"sex":[433],"available":[435],"402":[437],"participants.":[441],"In":[442,495],"group,":[446,473,499],"116":[447],"(58%)":[448],"202":[450],"female":[454,481,507,535],"86":[456],"(42%)":[457],"male,":[459,486,512,540],"median":[462,489,515,543],"age":[463,490,516,544],"2\u00b747":[465,492],"(IQR":[467,521,549],"0\u00b7331);":[468],"91":[474],"(46%)":[475],"108":[483],"(54%)":[484],"(0\u00b7333).":[494],"276":[500],"(59%)":[501],"470":[503],"194":[509],"(41%)":[510],"33\u00b78":[520],"31\u00b77);":[522],"272":[528],"(60%)":[529],"453":[531],"181":[537],"(40%)":[538],"33\u00b71":[548],"31\u00b74).":[550],"388":[551],"(96%)":[552],"households,":[555],"including":[556],"1309":[557],"(95%)":[558],"1379":[561],"participants,":[562],"completed":[563],"Regression":[566],"analyses":[567],"showed":[568],"there":[570,626],"2\u00b75-times":[573],"(95%":[574,601,631,655],"CI":[575,602,632,656],"1\u00b75-4\u00b73,":[576],"p=0\u00b70008)":[577],"vaccinated":[583,639],"increased":[586,642],"unvaccinated":[596,649],"2\u00b70-times":[600],"1\u00b72-3\u00b75,":[603],"p=0\u00b7015)":[604],"acquisition.":[614,666],"These":[615],"effects":[616],"appear":[617],"have":[619],"which":[625,678],"1\u00b75":[629],"times":[630,654],"0\u00b788-2\u00b75,":[633],"p=0\u00b714)":[634],"0\u00b789":[653],"0\u00b753-1\u00b75,":[657],"p=0\u00b767)":[658],"Three":[667],"serious":[668],"related":[671],"pregnancy":[673],"breastfeeding":[675],"reported,":[677],"deemed":[680],"be":[682,725,749],"unrelated":[683],"INTERPRETATION:":[687],"Our":[688],"results":[689],"show":[690],"colonised":[695],"infection":[699],"virus":[704],"increases":[711],"risk":[713],"among":[717],"close":[719],"effect":[722],"appears":[723],"driven":[726],"vaccine-induced":[729],"rise":[730],"bacterial":[732,742],"density.":[733],"On":[734],"basis":[736],"our":[738],"results,":[739],"nasal":[743],"used":[750],"model":[752],"transmission":[753],"dynamics,":[754],"both":[755],"individual":[758],"population":[760],"levels.":[761],"FUNDING:":[762],"University":[763],"Bristol,":[765],"Gates":[766],"Foundation,":[767],"Pfizer,":[768],"European":[769],"Society":[770],"Paediatric":[772],"Infectious":[773],"Diseases.":[774]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-08-19T00:00:00"}