{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203666737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.6c01985","title":"Straightforward Assessment of Structural Disorder in Ti3C2T x MXene Using Raman Spectroscopy: Implications for Defect Engineering","display_name":"Straightforward Assessment of Structural Disorder in Ti3C2T x MXene Using Raman Spectroscopy: Implications for Defect Engineering","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203666737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.6c01985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsanm.6c01985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.6c01985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.6c01985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191493","display_name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","issn_l":"2574-0970","issn":["2574-0970"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://chemrxiv.org/doi/pdf/10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074482710","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 L.A. Marinho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-0315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-0315","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2001-063X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171246369","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de M\u00e9canique et d'A\u00e9rotechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/04jx68594","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171246369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087837","display_name":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Mat\u00e9riaux de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/001n7ee52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837","https://openalex.org/I4210128300"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre\u0301 L. A Marinho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,","Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2001-063X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171246369","https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066153531","display_name":"Marie\u2010Laure David","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-068X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-068X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171246369","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de M\u00e9canique et d'A\u00e9rotechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/04jx68594","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171246369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie-Laure David","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171246369","https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133065261","display_name":"No\u00e9 Cond\u00e9","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171246369","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de M\u00e9canique et d'A\u00e9rotechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/04jx68594","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171246369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noe\u0301 Conde\u0301","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171246369","https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019512100","display_name":"Sophie Morisset","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0159-3752","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0159-3752"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087837","display_name":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Mat\u00e9riaux de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/001n7ee52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837","https://openalex.org/I4210128300"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophie Morisset","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087853471","display_name":"Christine Canaff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4597-551X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4597-551X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087837","display_name":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Mat\u00e9riaux de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/001n7ee52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837","https://openalex.org/I4210128300"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Canaff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026857026","display_name":"Patrick Chartier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171246369","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de M\u00e9canique et d'A\u00e9rotechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/04jx68594","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171246369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Chartier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171246369","https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063021180","display_name":"Olivier Heintz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5512-4973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5512-4973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177064439","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1bsr36","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177064439","https://openalex.org/I4405253280"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivier Heintz","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMR CNRS 6303, Universite\u0301 de Bourgogne Europe , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR CNRS 6303, Universite\u0301 de Bourgogne Europe , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177064439"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091194275","display_name":"Anna Krystianiak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-8758","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-8758","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-1412"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177064439","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1bsr36","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177064439","https://openalex.org/I4405253280"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Krystianiak","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMR CNRS 6303, Universite\u0301 de Bourgogne Europe , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR CNRS 6303, Universite\u0301 de Bourgogne Europe , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177064439"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086101269","display_name":"Isidoro L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-0078","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-0078"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177064439","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1bsr36","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177064439","https://openalex.org/I4405253280"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isidoro Lo\u0301pez","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMR CNRS 6303, Universite\u0301 de Bourgogne Europe , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-0078","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR CNRS 6303, Universite\u0301 de Bourgogne Europe , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177064439"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104086903","display_name":"Nadia Guignard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0359-7127","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0359-7127"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087837","display_name":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Mat\u00e9riaux de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/001n7ee52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837","https://openalex.org/I4210128300"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadia Guignard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109961147","display_name":"M. Marteau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171246369","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de M\u00e9canique et d'A\u00e9rotechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/04jx68594","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171246369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Marteau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171246369","https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025547265","display_name":"L. Pichon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-604X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-604X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171246369","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de M\u00e9canique et d'A\u00e9rotechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/04jx68594","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171246369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luc Pichon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171246369","https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089741365","display_name":"D. Eyidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-425X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-425X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171246369","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de M\u00e9canique et d'A\u00e9rotechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/04jx68594","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171246369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominique Eyidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171246369","https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034363282","display_name":"Vincent Mauchamp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2381-2234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2381-2234"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171246369","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de M\u00e9canique et d'A\u00e9rotechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/04jx68594","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171246369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Mauchamp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS ISAE ENSMA, PPRIME , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171246369","https://openalex.org/I32881790"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016035147","display_name":"St\u00e9phane Celerier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6308-2494","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6308-2494"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32881790","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhy8q59","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32881790"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087837","display_name":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Mat\u00e9riaux de Poitiers","ror":"https://ror.org/001n7ee52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837","https://openalex.org/I4210128300"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ste\u0301phane Ce\u0301le\u0301rier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6308-2494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Mate\u0301riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Universite\u0301 de Poitiers, CNRS , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I32881790","https://openalex.org/I4210087837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4200785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"34","first_page":"16242","last_page":"16257"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12046","display_name":"MXene and MAX Phase Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12046","display_name":"MXene and MAX Phase Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ti3c2tx-mxene","display_name":"Ti3C2Tx MXene","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-disorder","display_name":"structural disorder","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raman-spectroscopy","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a1g-mode","display_name":"A1g mode","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defect-engineering","display_name":"defect engineering","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ti3alc2-max-phase","display_name":"Ti3AlC2 MAX phase","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exfoliation","display_name":"exfoliation","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrofluoric-acid-etching","display_name":"hydrofluoric acid etching","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2d-materials","display_name":"two-dimensional materials","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implantation-fluence","display_name":"implantation fluence","score":0.7329999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.9143999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776453213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25303690","display_name":"MXenes","level":2,"score":0.779699981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.7469000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7304999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129162502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200889","display_name":"Exfoliation joint","level":3,"score":0.5342000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5335593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241906","display_name":"Carbide","level":2,"score":0.44449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3865000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509619924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17130757","display_name":"Structural complexity","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100460472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2368605","display_name":"Etching (microfabrication)","level":3,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24123453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900121","display_name":"Molecular vibration","level":3,"score":0.25529998540878296}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsanm.6c01985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.6c01985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.6c01985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191493","display_name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","issn_l":"2574-0970","issn":["2574-0970"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","pdf_url":"https://chemrxiv.org/doi/pdf/10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918830","display_name":"ChemRxiv","issn_l":"2573-2293","issn":["2573-2293"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05724760v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05724760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2026, ⟨10.1021/acsanm.6c01985⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","pdf_url":"https://chemrxiv.org/doi/pdf/10.26434/chemrxiv.15001699/v1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918830","display_name":"ChemRxiv","issn_l":"2573-2293","issn":["2573-2293"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4252465185","display_name":"Interactions and transfers at fluids and solids interfaces","funder_award_id":"ANR-11-LABX-0017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4656594441","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR18","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5485739194","display_name":"Defect engineering in two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) for enhanced reactivity: a route towards improved functional properties.","funder_award_id":"ANR-24-CE09-7979","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8211101584","display_name":"Poitiers Graduate School on physico-chemical properties of INTerfaces for AeRonautic, Energy and Environment","funder_award_id":"ANR-18-EURE-0010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322892","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203666737.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203666737.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1822318680","https://openalex.org/W1830160077","https://openalex.org/W1969007941","https://openalex.org/W1978361229","https://openalex.org/W1982027827","https://openalex.org/W1988080928","https://openalex.org/W1997977307","https://openalex.org/W2000756204","https://openalex.org/W2014451195","https://openalex.org/W2024261075","https://openalex.org/W2027126531","https://openalex.org/W2028056984","https://openalex.org/W2039404593","https://openalex.org/W2087599743","https://openalex.org/W2087689450","https://openalex.org/W2088732846","https://openalex.org/W2108098890","https://openalex.org/W2115295828","https://openalex.org/W2284566726","https://openalex.org/W2469244864","https://openalex.org/W2510292900","https://openalex.org/W2510576832","https://openalex.org/W2547357390","https://openalex.org/W2608124667","https://openalex.org/W2748717829","https://openalex.org/W2761588775","https://openalex.org/W2785110445","https://openalex.org/W2887089035","https://openalex.org/W2906294308","https://openalex.org/W2912620405","https://openalex.org/W2913075899","https://openalex.org/W2991139326","https://openalex.org/W3003639012","https://openalex.org/W3007221109","https://openalex.org/W3012513033","https://openalex.org/W3015399758","https://openalex.org/W3044354659","https://openalex.org/W3044828974","https://openalex.org/W3110493209","https://openalex.org/W3110681097","https://openalex.org/W3129561776","https://openalex.org/W3132236801","https://openalex.org/W3134556996","https://openalex.org/W3154383797","https://openalex.org/W3166170553","https://openalex.org/W3171967633","https://openalex.org/W3195306529","https://openalex.org/W4220934089","https://openalex.org/W4281644966","https://openalex.org/W4289546508","https://openalex.org/W4294647283","https://openalex.org/W4296690248","https://openalex.org/W4308391527","https://openalex.org/W4309235569","https://openalex.org/W4311231256","https://openalex.org/W4320502474","https://openalex.org/W4321764306","https://openalex.org/W4379203074","https://openalex.org/W4385243583","https://openalex.org/W4387163950","https://openalex.org/W4390191872","https://openalex.org/W4396665287","https://openalex.org/W4400701418","https://openalex.org/W4400836723","https://openalex.org/W4401063166","https://openalex.org/W4401139850","https://openalex.org/W4403263236","https://openalex.org/W4404963207","https://openalex.org/W4406148601","https://openalex.org/W4411146006","https://openalex.org/W4411328416","https://openalex.org/W4414845008"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7151294216","https://openalex.org/W3015399758","https://openalex.org/W4311231256","https://openalex.org/W4412166161","https://openalex.org/W7156234616","https://openalex.org/W7119657169","https://openalex.org/W4387163950","https://openalex.org/W4223426301","https://openalex.org/W4396665287","https://openalex.org/W4206790237"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"MXenes,":[1,183],"a":[2,24,57,69,103,117,124,168],"large":[3,196],"family":[4],"of":[5,42,72,94,107,112,151,178,190,198],"two-dimensional":[6],"transition-metal":[7],"carbides":[8],"and":[9,144,171],"nitrides,":[10],"have":[11],"attracted":[12],"considerable":[13],"interest":[14],"owing":[15],"to":[16,48,61,78],"their":[17,32],"unique":[18],"physicochemical":[19],"properties.":[20],"Structural":[21],"defects":[22],"play":[23],"key":[25],"role":[26],"in":[27,81,181,194],"tuning":[28],"these":[29,162],"properties,":[30],"yet":[31],"characterization":[33],"remains":[34],"highly":[35],"challenging.":[36],"Herein,":[37],"controlled":[38],"Ne2+":[39],"ion":[40],"implantation":[41,100],"Ti3AlC2":[43],"MAX":[44],"phases":[45],"is":[46,120],"employed":[47],"generate":[49],"well-defined":[50],"defect":[51,191],"densities,":[52],"followed":[53],"by":[54,141],"exfoliation":[55],"through":[56],"mild":[58],"LiF/HCl":[59],"route":[60,127],"obtain":[62],"defect-engineered":[63],"Ti3C2Tx":[64,83,182],"MXenes.":[65],"Raman":[66,137,165],"spectroscopy":[67,166],"reveals":[68],"high":[70],"sensitivity":[71],"A1g":[73,114],"vibration":[74],"at":[75,91],"206":[76],"cm\u20131":[77],"structural":[79,108,179],"disorder":[80,118,180],"the":[82,88,113,136,152,176,188],"MXene":[84,153],"skeleton.":[85],"In":[86],"particular,":[87],"full":[89],"width":[90],"half-maximum":[92],"(FWHM)":[93],"this":[95,195],"mode":[96,115],"increases":[97],"linearly":[98],"with":[99,184],"fluence,":[101],"providing":[102],"direct":[104],"semiquantitative":[105],"descriptor":[106],"disorder.":[109],"The":[110],"relevance":[111,186],"as":[116,167],"marker":[119],"further":[121],"confirmed":[122],"using":[123],"second":[125],"defect-generation":[126],"based":[128],"on":[129],"increasingly":[130],"harsh":[131],"HF":[132],"etching":[133],"conditions.":[134],"Finally,":[135],"results":[138],"are":[139],"corroborated":[140],"complementary":[142],"XPS/HAXPES":[143],"TEM-EELS":[145],"analyses,":[146],"which":[147],"reveal":[148],"defect-induced":[149],"modifications":[150],"structure":[154],"while":[155],"preserving":[156],"its":[157],"overall":[158],"crystallographic":[159],"framework.":[160],"Together,":[161],"findings":[163],"establish":[164],"straightforward,":[169],"nondestructive,":[170],"widely":[172],"accessible":[173],"tool":[174],"for":[175,187],"assessment":[177],"strong":[185],"development":[189],"engineering":[192],"strategies":[193],"class":[197],"2D":[199],"materials.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-08-19T00:00:00"}