{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203665758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080","title":"Of Ceilings and Flaws: Negotiating Disclosure in the WIPO Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge Treaty","display_name":"Of Ceilings and Flaws: Negotiating Disclosure in the WIPO Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge Treaty","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203665758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/grurint/ikag080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174795","display_name":"GRUR International","issn_l":"2632-8550","issn":["2632-8550","2632-8623"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GRUR International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012874120","display_name":"Wend Wendland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5359-4644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5359-4644"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wend Wendland","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012874120"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3876,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4380},"apc_paid":{"value":3876,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4380},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54271628,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12652","display_name":"International Maritime Law Issues","score":0.01720000058412552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13851","display_name":"Law, AI, and Intellectual Property","score":0.012500000186264515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-resources","display_name":"genetic resources","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-knowledge","display_name":"traditional knowledge","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treaty-negotiations","display_name":"treaty negotiations","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-peoples","display_name":"indigenous peoples","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-communities","display_name":"local communities","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treaty-implementation","display_name":"treaty implementation","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"intellectual property","score":0.527999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199776023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202875","display_name":"Negotiation","level":2,"score":0.6664000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131569","display_name":"Treaty","level":2,"score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.6266999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514011633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428168","display_name":"Traditional knowledge","level":3,"score":0.6237000226974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.6047000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46355384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q726686","display_name":"Compromise","level":2,"score":0.5582000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778069335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32098","display_name":"Sanctions","level":2,"score":0.4765999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779962950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5659376","display_name":"Harmonization","level":2,"score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.4406999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.436599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.42179998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780105426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331662","display_name":"Disarmament","level":2,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121492","display_name":"Directive","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94982200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380545","display_name":"Entitlement (fair division)","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204434341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357789","display_name":"Adjudication","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/grurint/ikag080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174795","display_name":"GRUR International","issn_l":"2632-8550","issn":["2632-8550","2632-8623"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GRUR International","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.graduateinstitute.ch:322190","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.graduateinstitute.ch/record/322190","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402451","display_name":"Graduate Institute Geneva Institutional Repository (Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I951315","host_organization_name":"Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I951315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://repository.graduateinstitute.ch/record/322190","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/grurint/ikag080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikag080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174795","display_name":"GRUR International","issn_l":"2632-8550","issn":["2632-8550","2632-8623"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GRUR International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7143422238","https://openalex.org/W7162831153","https://openalex.org/W7155266859","https://openalex.org/W4404180872","https://openalex.org/W7220995428","https://openalex.org/W7071855983","https://openalex.org/W7201835087","https://openalex.org/W7216420408","https://openalex.org/W7126151677","https://openalex.org/W4386320462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,35,117,133],"negotiators":[2],"of":[3,20,50,157,180],"the":[4,18,79,91,98,101,120,141,181],"2024":[5],"WIPO":[6],"Treaty":[7],"on":[8,61,175],"Intellectual":[9],"Property,":[10],"Genetic":[11],"Resources":[12],"and":[13,24,29,31,33,44,52,77,112,128,153,178],"Associated":[14],"Traditional":[15],"Knowledge":[16],"navigated":[17],"straits":[19],"maximum":[21],"standards":[22,26],"(ceilings)":[23],"minimum":[25],"(floors),":[27],"harmonization":[28],"flexibility,":[30],"clarity":[32],"ambiguity.":[34],"text":[36],"as":[37,110],"finally":[38],"adopted":[39],"by":[40],"consensus":[41],"is":[42,55,65],"delicately":[43],"deliberately":[45],"balanced":[46],"in":[47,71,137,149],"its":[48,147,151,154],"distribution":[49],"gains":[51],"losses.":[53],"It":[54],"also":[56],"silent,":[57],"vague":[58],"or":[59,107],"ambiguous":[60],"certain":[62],"elements.":[63],"This":[64,81],"likely":[66],"to":[67,69,90,103,173],"lead":[68],"divergences":[70],"how":[72,84,129],"Contracting":[73],"Parties":[74],"interpret,":[75],"enact":[76],"operationalize":[78],"Treaty.":[80,182],"report":[82,118],"examines":[83],"three":[85],"elements":[86],"that":[87],"are":[88],"pivotal":[89],"Treaty\u2019s":[92,142],"mandatory":[93],"disclosure":[94],"requirement":[95],"were":[96],"finalized:":[97],"substantive":[99],"trigger;":[100],"reference":[102],"\u2018the":[104],"Indigenous":[105],"Peoples":[106],"local":[108],"community,":[109],"applicable\u2019;":[111],"post-grant":[113],"sanctions":[114],"for":[115,171],"non-compliance.":[116],"analyses":[119],"policy":[121],"interests":[122],"at":[123],"stake,":[124],"their":[125,176],"negotiating":[126],"history":[127],"process":[130],"affected":[131],"outcomes.":[132],"compromise":[134],"language":[135],"agreed":[136],"each":[138],"case":[139],"facilitated":[140],"adoption":[143],"but":[144],"may":[145],"undermine":[146],"effectiveness":[148],"achieving":[150],"objectives":[152],"broader":[155],"purpose":[156],"facilitating":[158],"convergence":[159],"across":[160],"domestic":[161],"regimes.":[162],"To":[163],"remedy":[164],"this":[165],"flaw,":[166],"it":[167],"might":[168],"be":[169],"advisable":[170],"countries":[172],"coordinate":[174],"interpretation":[177],"implementation":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2026-08-19T00:00:00"}