{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203654030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","title":"Beyond Counting Deaths: Why India must Strengthen Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems for Equitable Health Governance","display_name":"Beyond Counting Deaths: Why India must Strengthen Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems for Equitable Health Governance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203654030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42699969","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13544931"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195303007","display_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","issn_l":"0970-0218","issn":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122765544","display_name":"Sudip Bhattacharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-3487","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-3487"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4396570500","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar","ror":"https://ror.org/00t0ht588","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4396570500"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sudip Bhattacharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4396570500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157787583","display_name":"Abha Kumari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5496-5637","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5496-5637"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4396570500","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar","ror":"https://ror.org/00t0ht588","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4396570500"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abha Kumari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4396570500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065624686","display_name":"Alok Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3651-0485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3651-0485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130021832","display_name":"Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kf25f32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130021832"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alok Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences, Faculty of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences, Faculty of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130021832"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084778964","display_name":"Vanisree Ramanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-8809","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-8809"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088227","display_name":"MIT World Peace University","ror":"https://ror.org/004ymxd45","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088227"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vanisree Ramanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health, Dr. Vishwanath Karad World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, Dr. Vishwanath Karad World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078532240","display_name":"Pankaj Bhardwaj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9960-3060","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9960-3060"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pankaj Bhardwaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Director, ICMR\u2013National Institute of Health Research (ICMR-NIHR), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director, ICMR\u2013National Institute of Health Research (ICMR-NIHR), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061158332","display_name":"Manish Goyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-5924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-5924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178000100","display_name":"Kurukshetra University","ror":"https://ror.org/019bzvf55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178000100"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manish Goyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics, Institute of Integrated and Honours Studies, Kurukshetra University, Haryana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, Institute of Integrated and Honours Studies, Kurukshetra University, Haryana, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178000100"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108812897","display_name":"Nishat Ahmed Sheikh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4396570500","display_name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar","ror":"https://ror.org/00t0ht588","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4396570500"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nishat Ahmed Sheikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4396570500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089090130","display_name":"Om Prakash Bera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0513-7658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0513-7658"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Om Prakash Bera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health Advocacy Incubator, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health Advocacy Incubator, US","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5122765544"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4396570500"],"apc_list":{"value":80,"currency":"USD","value_usd":80},"apc_paid":{"value":80,"currency":"USD","value_usd":80},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"Suppl 4","first_page":"S591","last_page":"S595"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.6166999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.6166999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10209","display_name":"Global Maternal and Child Health","score":0.2410999983549118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14400","display_name":"Medical Coding and Health Information","score":0.029100000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/death-registration","display_name":"death registration","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-registration-and-vital-statistics","display_name":"civil registration and vital statistics","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-registration-system","display_name":"Sample Registration System","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality-statistics","display_name":"mortality statistics","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/registration-completeness","display_name":"registration completeness","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-level-disparities","display_name":"state-level disparities","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-governance","display_name":"health governance","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-justice","display_name":"social justice","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality-surveillance","display_name":"mortality surveillance","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-reform","display_name":"legal reform","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-health-infrastructure","display_name":"digital health infrastructure","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-engagement","display_name":"community participation","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.5109999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5939000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198052957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7079603","display_name":"Official statistics","level":2,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.39410001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47344431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519812","display_name":"Health policy","level":3,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776361769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q821775","display_name":"Public health surveillance","level":3,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1980404","display_name":"Voter registration","level":4,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2250968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512929","display_name":"Health equity","level":3,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21333345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519843","display_name":"Health technology","level":3,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78491826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045352","display_name":"Social determinants of health","level":3,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195303007","display_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","issn_l":"0970-0218","issn":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13544931","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13544931/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13544931/pdf/IJCM-51-591.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian J Community Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42699969","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42699969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:79a0ddf7b589448b85fffc3b0da97e62","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/79a0ddf7b589448b85fffc3b0da97e62","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine, Vol 51, Iss Suppl 4, Pp S591-S595 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_290_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195303007","display_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","issn_l":"0970-0218","issn":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7390999794006348,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203654030.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203654030.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W165884632","https://openalex.org/W2262110591","https://openalex.org/W3048543285","https://openalex.org/W3088372020","https://openalex.org/W3198310166","https://openalex.org/W4322742863","https://openalex.org/W4396838129","https://openalex.org/W4405982504","https://openalex.org/W4409269048"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400362918","https://openalex.org/W4407853235","https://openalex.org/W3198310166","https://openalex.org/W2413356385","https://openalex.org/W4214851281","https://openalex.org/W4400054861","https://openalex.org/W7203458469","https://openalex.org/W4287837138","https://openalex.org/W7128421455","https://openalex.org/W2971781935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"death":[1,87,109,141,164,209],"registration":[2,35,44,63,88,93,110,142,165,210],"is":[3,106,202],"one":[4],"of":[5,10,53,59,76,157],"the":[6,33,42,50,107,120,154],"most":[7],"fundamental":[8],"components":[9],"an":[11,172],"effective":[12],"public":[13,134,178],"health":[14,147],"system.":[15],"Mortality":[16],"data":[17,82],"provide":[18],"critical":[19],"insights":[20],"into":[21],"disease":[22],"patterns,":[23],"demographic":[24],"transitions,":[25],"healthcare":[26],"needs,":[27],"and":[28,36,41,72,137,152,181,199,207],"social":[29,182],"inequalities.":[30],"In":[31],"India,":[32],"civil":[34],"vital":[37],"statistics":[38],"(CRVS)":[39],"system":[40,45],"sample":[43],"(SRS)":[46],"collectively":[47],"serve":[48],"as":[49,171,176],"primary":[51],"sources":[52],"mortality":[54,144],"information.":[55],"However,":[56],"despite":[57],"decades":[58],"efforts":[60],"to":[61,68,97,204],"improve":[62],"completeness,":[64],"substantial":[65],"disparities":[66,124],"continue":[67],"exist":[69],"across":[70,211],"states":[71],"union":[73],"territories.":[74],"Analysis":[75],"National":[77],"Family":[78],"Health":[79],"Survey-5":[80],"(NFHS-5)":[81],"demonstrates":[83],"marked":[84],"variations":[85],"in":[86,94,101,112,128],"coverage,":[89],"ranging":[90],"from":[91],"universal":[92,206],"some":[95],"regions":[96],"less":[98],"than":[99],"40%":[100],"others.":[102],"An":[103],"unexpected":[104],"finding":[105],"higher":[108],"rate":[111],"rural":[113],"areas":[114,118],"compared":[115],"with":[116],"urban":[117],"at":[119],"national":[121],"level.":[122],"These":[123],"reflect":[125],"deeper":[126],"differences":[127],"governance,":[129,180],"administrative":[130,173],"efficiency,":[131],"digital":[132,193],"infrastructure,":[133],"awareness,":[135],"accessibility,":[136],"socio-cultural":[138],"practices.":[139],"Incomplete":[140],"weakens":[143],"surveillance,":[145],"hampers":[146],"planning,":[148],"limits":[149],"evidence-based":[150],"policymaking,":[151],"obscures":[153],"true":[155],"burden":[156],"disease.":[158],"This":[159],"viewpoint":[160],"argues":[161],"that":[162],"strengthening":[163],"should":[166],"be":[167],"viewed":[168],"not":[169],"merely":[170],"responsibility":[174],"but":[175],"a":[177],"health,":[179],"justice":[183],"priority.":[184],"A":[185],"six-pillar":[186],"framework":[187],"involving":[188],"legal":[189],"reforms,":[190],"institutional":[191],"strengthening,":[192],"transformation,":[194],"community":[195],"engagement,":[196],"service":[197],"integration,":[198],"data-driven":[200],"monitoring":[201],"proposed":[203],"achieve":[205],"equitable":[208],"India.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-08-18T00:00:00"}
