{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203628969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37055/sbn/218069","title":"A MULTILAYERED SECURITY ARCHITECTURE FOR MILITARY AIRBASES UNDER HYBRID THREAT CONDITIONS","display_name":"A MULTILAYERED SECURITY ARCHITECTURE FOR MILITARY AIRBASES UNDER HYBRID THREAT CONDITIONS","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203628969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37055/sbn/218069"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.37055/sbn/218069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37055/sbn/218069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37055/sbn/218069","pdf_url":"https://sbn.wat.edu.pl/pdf-218069-143474?filename=A-MULTILAYERED-SECURITY-A.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200279","display_name":"National Security Studies","issn_l":"2082-2677","issn":["2082-2677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Security Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://sbn.wat.edu.pl/pdf-218069-143474?filename=A-MULTILAYERED-SECURITY-A.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083349412","display_name":"Adam Rurak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5842-8048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5842-8048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800125567","display_name":"Polish Air Force Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/05qvm1p98","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800125567"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adam RURAK","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Security, Polish Air Force University, Polska"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5842-8048","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Security, Polish Air Force University, Polska","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800125567"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083349412"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800125567"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"4","first_page":"49","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14423","display_name":"Military Technology and Strategies","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14423","display_name":"Military Technology and Strategies","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.025800000876188278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14086","display_name":"Military and Defense Studies","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-threats","display_name":"hybrid threats","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymmetric-threats","display_name":"asymmetric threats","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unmanned-aerial-systems","display_name":"unmanned aerial systems","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-operations","display_name":"cyber operations","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insider-threats","display_name":"insider threats","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"risk management","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure-protection","display_name":"critical infrastructure protection","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-planning","display_name":"security planning","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"interoperability","score":0.6700000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6398000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.6218000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141141315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2379942","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776765990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q454","display_name":"Peacetime","level":2,"score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776157020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851598","display_name":"Physical security","level":2,"score":0.459199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180646296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1378517","display_name":"Airport security","level":2,"score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.4205999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4178999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992838255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856887","display_name":"Security guard","level":2,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3903999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528167355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258307","display_name":"National security","level":2,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196351127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7621831","display_name":"Strategic defence","level":3,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31139447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380386","display_name":"Enterprise information security architecture","level":2,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776161467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877399","display_name":"North Atlantic Treaty","level":3,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018725008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071928","display_name":"Cyber threats","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778971194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664551","display_name":"Insider","level":2,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779033394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186733","display_name":"Critical infrastructure protection","level":3,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779948991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6047930","display_name":"Internal security","level":3,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780851881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141276","display_name":"Crisis management","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45237549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376796","display_name":"Restructuring","level":2,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776633304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6038026","display_name":"Insider threat","level":3,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506469952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181467","display_name":"Homeland security","level":3,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110956428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6857873","display_name":"Military threat","level":3,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.27469998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83163435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954104","display_name":"Security management","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515798048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3491429","display_name":"Military terminology","level":5,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74448152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765633","display_name":"Aviation","level":2,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778007780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140224","display_name":"Military doctrine","level":3,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.37055/sbn/218069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37055/sbn/218069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37055/sbn/218069","pdf_url":"https://sbn.wat.edu.pl/pdf-218069-143474?filename=A-MULTILAYERED-SECURITY-A.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200279","display_name":"National Security Studies","issn_l":"2082-2677","issn":["2082-2677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Security Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.37055/sbn/218069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37055/sbn/218069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37055/sbn/218069","pdf_url":"https://sbn.wat.edu.pl/pdf-218069-143474?filename=A-MULTILAYERED-SECURITY-A.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200279","display_name":"National Security Studies","issn_l":"2082-2677","issn":["2082-2677"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Security Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203628969.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203628969.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7166677413","https://openalex.org/W4403614328","https://openalex.org/W4412484086","https://openalex.org/W7213309213","https://openalex.org/W7169664944","https://openalex.org/W6990919051","https://openalex.org/W7118512984","https://openalex.org/W300424877","https://openalex.org/W1489184088","https://openalex.org/W4405174242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,131,299],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,31,64,100,115,133,150,176,199,267,298,314],"security":[4,73,139,216,285,322],"of":[5,11,21,33,47,63,120,153,178,182,205,234,269,316],"military":[6,59,76,121,137,278,295],"airbases":[7,77],"as":[8],"critical":[9,309],"elements":[10],"national":[12,303],"defence":[13,219,310],"systems":[14,156],"operating":[15,78],"in":[16,54,124,323],"an":[17,324],"increasingly":[18],"complex":[19],"environment":[20],"hybrid":[22,81],"and":[23,40,50,56,69,92,108,118,127,163,166,190,197,209,221,223,240,257,275,283,291,304,312],"asymmetric":[24,258],"threats.":[25],"Contemporary":[26],"threat":[27,82,326],"landscapes,":[28],"shaped":[29],"by":[30],"proliferation":[32],"unmanned":[34],"aerial":[35],"systems,":[36,214],"cyber":[37,253],"operations,":[38],"sabotage,":[39],"irregular":[41],"tactics,":[42],"challenge":[43],"traditional,":[44],"perimeter-focused":[45],"models":[46],"airbase":[48,138,206,296,321],"protection":[49,213],"expose":[51],"structural":[52],"vulnerabilities":[53,244],"dispersed":[55,261],"spatially":[57],"extensive":[58,232],"infrastructure.":[60],"The":[61,95,130,227,264],"aim":[62],"study":[65,265],"is":[66],"to":[67,102,113,143,249,301,320],"conceptualise":[68],"analyse":[70],"a":[71,171,179,289,317],"multilayered":[72,154],"architecture":[74],"for":[75,294],"under":[79],"contemporary":[80],"conditions,":[83],"with":[84,247],"particular":[85],"emphasis":[86],"on":[87,149,307],"its":[88],"legal,":[89,105],"organizational,":[90,106],"technical,":[91,107],"planning":[93,173,222],"dimensions.":[94],"central":[96],"research":[97],"problem":[98],"concerns":[99],"extent":[101],"which":[103],"existing":[104],"procedural":[109],"arrangements":[110],"are":[111],"adequate":[112],"ensure":[114],"operational":[116],"continuity":[117],"resilience":[119],"aviation":[122],"facilities":[123],"both":[125],"peacetime":[126],"crisis":[128],"conditions.":[129],"advances":[132],"hypothesis":[134],"that":[135],"effective":[136],"cannot":[140],"be":[141],"reduced":[142],"isolated":[144],"technological":[145],"solutions,":[146],"but":[147],"depends":[148],"coherent":[151],"integration":[152],"protective":[155],"encompassing":[157],"legal":[158,208],"mandates,":[159],"organizational":[160,210],"responsibilities,":[161],"physical":[162,212],"technical":[164,215],"safeguards,":[165],"appropriately":[167],"trained":[168],"personnel":[169],"within":[170],"unified":[172],"framework.":[174],"On":[175],"basis":[177],"narrative":[180],"review":[181],"NATO":[183],"doctrinal":[184],"documents,":[185],"Polish":[186],"Armed":[187],"Forces":[188],"regulations,":[189],"relevant":[191],"academic":[192],"literature":[193],"published":[194],"between":[195],"2000":[196],"2023,":[198],"analysis":[200],"examines":[201],"five":[202],"interrelated":[203],"domains":[204],"protection:":[207],"frameworks,":[211],"measures,":[217],"zonal":[218],"architecture,":[220],"risk":[224,273],"management":[225],"processes.":[226],"findings":[228],"indicate":[229],"that,":[230],"despite":[231],"use":[233],"fencing,":[235],"access":[236],"control,":[237],"surveillance":[238],"technologies,":[239],"guard":[241],"forces,":[242],"significant":[243],"persist,":[245],"particularly":[246],"regard":[248],"low-cost":[250],"UAV":[251],"incursions,":[252],"disruptions,":[254],"insider":[255],"threats,":[256],"attacks":[259],"targeting":[260],"infrastructure":[262,311],"components.":[263],"underscores":[266],"importance":[268],"adaptive":[270],"planning,":[271],"continuous":[272],"assessment,":[274],"interoperability":[276],"among":[277],"units,":[279],"law":[280],"enforcement":[281],"agencies,":[282],"contracted":[284],"providers.":[286],"By":[287],"proposing":[288],"holistic":[290],"practice-oriented":[292],"framework":[293],"protection,":[297],"contributes":[300],"ongoing":[302],"NATO-level":[305],"debates":[306],"safeguarding":[308],"highlights":[313],"necessity":[315],"system-based":[318],"approach":[319],"evolving":[325],"environment.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-18T00:00:00"}