{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203617840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","title":"Biodegradable versus titanium osteosynthesis in maxillofacial surgery: a randomized controlled trial with 15 years of follow-up","display_name":"Biodegradable versus titanium osteosynthesis in maxillofacial surgery: a randomized controlled trial with 15 years of follow-up","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203617840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42608236"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38907727","display_name":"International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","issn_l":"0901-5027","issn":["0901-5027","1399-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147348152","display_name":"L. Veenman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7947-2605","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7947-2605"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Veenman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7947-2605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907","https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083690483","display_name":"N.B. van Bakelen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-8873","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-8873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N.B. van Bakelen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907","https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106305965","display_name":"G.J. Buijs","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.J. Buijs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907","https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111776522","display_name":"Th.J.M. Hoppenreijs","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152306","display_name":"Rijnstate Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0561z8p38","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152306"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.J.M. Hoppenreijs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem, Arnhem, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem, Arnhem, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053690073","display_name":"J. Eelco Bergsma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1577-6357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1577-6357"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018483916","display_name":"University Medical Center Utrecht","ror":"https://ror.org/0575yy874","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018483916"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105981","display_name":"Amphia Ziekenhuis","ror":"https://ror.org/01g21pa45","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105981"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.E. Bergsma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amphia Hospital Breda, Breda, the Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amphia Hospital Breda, Breda, the Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018483916","https://openalex.org/I4210105981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030402713","display_name":"L. J. Beumer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3411-7018","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3411-7018"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802652803","display_name":"Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden","ror":"https://ror.org/0283nw634","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802652803","https://openalex.org/I4405259012"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259012","display_name":"Frisius MC","ror":"https://ror.org/01jbjwx18","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259012"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L.J. Beumer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Frisius Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3411-7018","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Frisius Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802652803","https://openalex.org/I4405259012"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060625186","display_name":"Baucke van Minnen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-8194","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-8194"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. van Minnen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907","https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011047512","display_name":"Barzi Gareb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-9176","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-9176"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. Gareb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: b.gareb@umcg.nl"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: b.gareb@umcg.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907","https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011047512"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907","https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"apc_list":{"value":4160,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4160},"apc_paid":{"value":4160,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4160},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11562","display_name":"Facial Trauma and Fracture Management","score":0.8583999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11562","display_name":"Facial Trauma and Fracture Management","score":0.8583999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10356","display_name":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","score":0.12720000743865967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3505","display_name":"Orthodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10658","display_name":"Bone fractures and treatments","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/titanium-plates","display_name":"titanium plates","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-and-maxillofacial-surgery","display_name":"maxillofacial surgery","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sagittal-split-osteotomy","display_name":"sagittal split ramus osteotomy","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/le-fort-i-osteotomy","display_name":"Le Fort I osteotomy","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandibular-fractures","display_name":"mandibular fractures","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maxillary-fractures","display_name":"maxillary fractures","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zygomatic-fractures","display_name":"zygomatic fractures","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plate-removal","display_name":"plate removal","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-outcomes","display_name":"long-term outcomes","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malocclusion","display_name":"malocclusion","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-satisfaction","display_name":"patient satisfaction","score":0.9039999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.953499972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777304102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1667915","display_name":"Osteosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.7526999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506065880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716","display_name":"Titanium","level":2,"score":0.6317999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5806999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.5741000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.5644999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775944032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22907659","display_name":"Patient satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.435699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178910020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2211994","display_name":"Sagittal plane","level":2,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1318750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865663","display_name":"Biocompatible material","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187960798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631152","display_name":"Subgroup analysis","level":3,"score":0.2623000144958496}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38907727","display_name":"International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","issn_l":"0901-5027","issn":["0901-5027","1399-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42608236","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42608236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/eb0890b3-28f8-420c-81ab-b57815ff3175","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/eb0890b3-28f8-420c-81ab-b57815ff3175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Veenman, L, van Bakelen, N B, Buijs, G J, Hoppenreijs, T J M, Bergsma, J E, Beumer, L J, van Minnen, B & Gareb, B 2026, 'Biodegradable versus titanium osteosynthesis in maxillofacial surgery : a randomized controlled trial with 15 years of follow-up', International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.08.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38907727","display_name":"International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","issn_l":"0901-5027","issn":["0901-5027","1399-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010651008","https://openalex.org/W2032541700","https://openalex.org/W2038505078","https://openalex.org/W2083150550","https://openalex.org/W2108746903","https://openalex.org/W2149064558","https://openalex.org/W2613476183","https://openalex.org/W2975132738","https://openalex.org/W2990127488","https://openalex.org/W2991877203","https://openalex.org/W2993636329","https://openalex.org/W3094391461","https://openalex.org/W3167865523","https://openalex.org/W4284670453","https://openalex.org/W4385797923","https://openalex.org/W4399360711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411608656","https://openalex.org/W2083150550","https://openalex.org/W2613476183","https://openalex.org/W2597862624","https://openalex.org/W2993636329","https://openalex.org/W4245940655","https://openalex.org/W2508342330","https://openalex.org/W2141104848","https://openalex.org/W4295006288","https://openalex.org/W7045617797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Studies":[0],"on":[1],"long-term":[2,24,213],"outcomes":[3,90],"of":[4,27,36,137,208,235,241,246],"biodegradable":[5,30,75,123,159,217],"versus":[6,29],"titanium":[7,28,71,117,138,170,237],"osteosynthesis":[8,31,87,210],"in":[9,115,121,157,168,181,215],"maxillofacial":[10],"surgery":[11],"are":[12],"lacking.":[13],"This":[14],"multicentre":[15],"randomized":[16],"controlled":[17],"trial":[18],"was":[19,85,105,113,166,179],"performed":[20],"to":[21,69],"compare":[22],"the":[23,116,122,148,158,169,216,220,228],"clinical":[25],"performance":[26],"systems":[32],"at":[33,56,110,243],"\u226515":[34],"years":[35,112,146,245],"follow-up.":[37],"Patients":[38],"undergoing":[39],"bilateral":[40],"sagittal":[41],"split":[42],"and/or":[43],"Le":[44],"Fort":[45],"I":[46],"osteotomies,":[47],"or":[48,53,74,185],"treatment":[49],"for":[50],"mandible,":[51],"maxilla,":[52],"zygoma":[54],"fractures":[55],"four":[57],"hospitals":[58],"were":[59,66,155],"included.":[60],"Eligible":[61],"participants":[62],"(n":[63],"=":[64,133,162,173],"230)":[65],"randomly":[67],"assigned":[68],"receive":[70],"(KLS":[72],"Martin)":[73],"(Inion":[76],"CPS)":[77],"plates":[78],"and":[79,100,119,147,195],"screws":[80],"(1:1).":[81],"The":[82,200],"primary":[83],"outcome":[84],"symptomatic":[86,142,209,236],"removal.":[88],"Secondary":[89],"included":[91],"malocclusion,":[92,182],"plate":[93,238],"palpability,":[94],"swelling,":[95,183],"mandibular":[96,186],"function,":[97],"pain":[98],"scores,":[99],"patient":[101,193],"satisfaction.":[102],"Median":[103],"follow-up":[104,214],"16.3":[106],"years.":[107],"Osteosynthesis":[108],"removal":[109,143,211,239],"15":[111],"17.4%":[114],"group":[118,124,139,160,171],"29.5%":[120],"(hazard":[125],"ratio":[126],"1.88,":[127],"95%":[128],"confidence":[129],"interval":[130],"1.07-3.31,":[131],"P":[132],"0.028).":[134],"Notably,":[135],"4.5%":[136],"patients":[140,242],"required":[141],"between":[144,227],"5":[145],"latest":[149],"follow-up,":[150],"whereas":[151],"no":[152,176],"such":[153],"removals":[154],"needed":[156],"(P":[161,172],"0.045).":[163],"Plate":[164],"palpability":[165],"higher":[167,206],"0.004),":[174],"but":[175],"significant":[177],"difference":[178,226],"found":[180],"pain,":[184],"function":[187,197],"scores.":[188],"Both":[189],"groups":[190],"reported":[191],"high":[192],"satisfaction":[194],"excellent":[196],"without":[198],"pain.":[199],"intention-to-treat":[201],"results":[202],"showed":[203],"a":[204,224,232],"significantly":[205],"risk":[207,234],"after":[212],"group,":[218],"while":[219],"per-protocol":[221],"analysis":[222],"revealed":[223],"non-significant":[225],"groups.":[229],"There":[230],"is":[231],"lifetime":[233],"(5%":[240],">5":[244],"follow-up).":[247]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2026-08-18T00:00:00"}
