{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203579712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70460","title":"The Mammalian Target of Rapamycin(mTOR) Signaling Pathway and mTOR Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy","display_name":"The Mammalian Target of Rapamycin(mTOR) Signaling Pathway and mTOR Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203579712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70460"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/masy.70460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7773033","display_name":"Macromolecular Symposia","issn_l":"1022-1360","issn":["1022-1360","1521-3900"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Macromolecular Symposia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118628364","display_name":"Sony Devassy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8511-807X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8511-807X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276825","display_name":"St. Xavier's College","ror":"https://ror.org/00e61c408","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276825"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89324447","display_name":"Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sdqd547","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I89324447"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sony Devassy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rajiv Gandhi Centre For Biotechnology  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India","St. Peter's College  Ernakulam Kerala India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8511-807X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rajiv Gandhi Centre For Biotechnology  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89324447"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Peter's College  Ernakulam Kerala India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013549726","display_name":"Mridula Sreedharan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177436651","display_name":"Mahatma Gandhi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00h4spn88","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mridula Sreedharan","raw_affiliation_strings":["International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049006760","display_name":"Saju Joseph","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8608-1141","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8608-1141"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177436651","display_name":"Mahatma Gandhi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00h4spn88","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saju Joseph","raw_affiliation_strings":["International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India","School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118628363","display_name":"K. M. Sulekha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177436651","display_name":"Mahatma Gandhi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00h4spn88","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sulekha K M","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Abhay Raju","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177436651","display_name":"Mahatma Gandhi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00h4spn88","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhay Raju","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053079398","display_name":"Sabu Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5002-4084","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5002-4084","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4726-5746"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177436651","display_name":"Mahatma Gandhi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00h4spn88","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabu Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8640-680X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University  Kottayam Kerala India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177436651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5118628364"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276825","https://openalex.org/I89324447"],"apc_list":{"value":4020,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4020},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10952","display_name":"PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10952","display_name":"PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10587","display_name":"Autophagy in Disease and Therapy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11339","display_name":"Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mtor-signaling","display_name":"mTOR signaling","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mtor-inhibitors","display_name":"mTOR inhibitors","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-therapy","display_name":"cancer therapy","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autophagy","display_name":"autophagy","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-proliferation","display_name":"cell proliferation","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mrna-translation","display_name":"mRNA translation","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-signaling","display_name":"nutrient signaling","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle-drug-delivery","display_name":"nanoparticle drug delivery","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-growth-factors","display_name":"tumor growth factors","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estrogen-dependent-tumors","display_name":"estrogen-dependent tumors","score":0.47099998593330383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86554907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285613","display_name":"PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway","level":3,"score":0.9164000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43060935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18043110","display_name":"RPTOR","level":4,"score":0.6040999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.5723000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.5698000192642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6929976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771881","display_name":"Regulator","level":3,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777949483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285613","display_name":"Mechanistic target of rapamycin","level":4,"score":0.567300021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96232424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118072","display_name":"Cancer cell","level":3,"score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983331546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer therapy","level":3,"score":0.46720001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62112901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189159","display_name":"Cell growth","level":2,"score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107846503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14876061","display_name":"mTORC2","level":5,"score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184235292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421851","display_name":"Kinase","level":2,"score":0.4221000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79879829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Intracellular","level":2,"score":0.4092000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97029542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281417","display_name":"Protein kinase A","level":3,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781230642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492646","display_name":"Targeted therapy","level":3,"score":0.322299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150555746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210973","display_name":"Cell signaling","level":3,"score":0.31150001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11960822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242736","display_name":"Phosphorylation","level":2,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777921159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32089","display_name":"Sirolimus","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75217442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423650","display_name":"Protein kinase B","level":3,"score":0.25929999351501465}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/masy.70460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7773033","display_name":"Macromolecular Symposia","issn_l":"1022-1360","issn":["1022-1360","1521-3900"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Macromolecular Symposia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9907000064849854,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1545184254","https://openalex.org/W1573455563","https://openalex.org/W1959535682","https://openalex.org/W1971745038","https://openalex.org/W1974584534","https://openalex.org/W1976518473","https://openalex.org/W1981206208","https://openalex.org/W1981570540","https://openalex.org/W1983698019","https://openalex.org/W1985046929","https://openalex.org/W1986325849","https://openalex.org/W1989195046","https://openalex.org/W2002226709","https://openalex.org/W2004688803","https://openalex.org/W2011485783","https://openalex.org/W2012867962","https://openalex.org/W2012872885","https://openalex.org/W2013453542","https://openalex.org/W2016869069","https://openalex.org/W2017018900","https://openalex.org/W2022822608","https://openalex.org/W2024224076","https://openalex.org/W2024957091","https://openalex.org/W2027785297","https://openalex.org/W2029348880","https://openalex.org/W2035926815","https://openalex.org/W2047330433","https://openalex.org/W2050026229","https://openalex.org/W2067796149","https://openalex.org/W2070119291","https://openalex.org/W2075614768","https://openalex.org/W2075639584","https://openalex.org/W2076656264","https://openalex.org/W2085856374","https://openalex.org/W2088787531","https://openalex.org/W2093178422","https://openalex.org/W2094672113","https://openalex.org/W2097731453","https://openalex.org/W2100506877","https://openalex.org/W2100799873","https://openalex.org/W2117263216","https://openalex.org/W2118120822","https://openalex.org/W2123231624","https://openalex.org/W2127063807","https://openalex.org/W2129585918","https://openalex.org/W2134138119","https://openalex.org/W2142506125","https://openalex.org/W2144304119","https://openalex.org/W2148706833","https://openalex.org/W2152576550","https://openalex.org/W2155687923","https://openalex.org/W2158558808","https://openalex.org/W2160270312","https://openalex.org/W2168320884","https://openalex.org/W2170562590","https://openalex.org/W2172105870","https://openalex.org/W2233414233","https://openalex.org/W2271636378","https://openalex.org/W2279285463","https://openalex.org/W2344644350","https://openalex.org/W2344850880","https://openalex.org/W2388163742","https://openalex.org/W2462031667","https://openalex.org/W2540554987","https://openalex.org/W2768267568","https://openalex.org/W2796781998","https://openalex.org/W2810420630","https://openalex.org/W2898144712","https://openalex.org/W2909920973","https://openalex.org/W2945502147","https://openalex.org/W2948039455","https://openalex.org/W2957984348","https://openalex.org/W2982942741","https://openalex.org/W2999421965","https://openalex.org/W3010955915","https://openalex.org/W3047167325","https://openalex.org/W3121169715","https://openalex.org/W3137990711","https://openalex.org/W3164455841","https://openalex.org/W4280515880","https://openalex.org/W4283792791","https://openalex.org/W4294189863","https://openalex.org/W4296031402","https://openalex.org/W4365519434","https://openalex.org/W4384828338","https://openalex.org/W4388020176","https://openalex.org/W4389487983","https://openalex.org/W4390238722","https://openalex.org/W4392128906","https://openalex.org/W4392559301","https://openalex.org/W4392782482","https://openalex.org/W4394920352","https://openalex.org/W4395009834","https://openalex.org/W4396935239","https://openalex.org/W4399135258","https://openalex.org/W4400466355","https://openalex.org/W4401576774","https://openalex.org/W4401880170","https://openalex.org/W4401964322","https://openalex.org/W4402349854","https://openalex.org/W4402967466","https://openalex.org/W4408966388"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3047167325","https://openalex.org/W2151576707","https://openalex.org/W4376130930","https://openalex.org/W7058428906","https://openalex.org/W2948039455","https://openalex.org/W2409700976","https://openalex.org/W1858396592","https://openalex.org/W2372046043","https://openalex.org/W3128958045","https://openalex.org/W3011014170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"The":[1,52],"mammalian":[2,175],"target":[3,68,149,176],"of":[4,16,50,55,61,99,177],"rapamycin":[5,178],"(mTOR)":[6],"serine/threonine":[7],"protein":[8,19],"kinase":[9],"known":[10,30],"to":[11,31,88,113,126,148],"be":[12,32,89],"an":[13],"important":[14],"regulator":[15],"cellular":[17],"growth,":[18],"translation,":[20],"cell":[21,23],"proliferation,":[22],"survival,":[24],"metabolism,":[25],"and":[26,47,78,82,121,129,155,166,185],"autophagy.":[27],"It":[28],"is":[29,103],"activated":[33],"by":[34],"intracellular":[35],"as":[36,38,42,117,119,137],"well":[37,118],"extracellular":[39],"signals,":[40],"such":[41],"nutrient":[43],"availability,":[44],"growth":[45,115],"factors,":[46],"energy":[48],"levels":[49],"cells.":[51],"frequent":[53],"deregulation":[54],"mTOR":[56,73,95,101,132,143],"signaling":[57,179],"in":[58,107,158,163,187],"over":[59],"30%":[60],"malignancies":[62,151],"makes":[63],"it":[64],"a":[65,104,159],"promising":[66],"key":[67],"for":[69],"cancer":[70,108,139,188],"therapy.":[71,189],"Many":[72],"inhibitors":[74,133],"have":[75,85,145],"been":[76,86,146],"developed":[77],"undergone":[79],"clinical":[80],"trials,":[81],"many":[83],"medications":[84,157],"demonstrated":[87],"highly":[90],"effective":[91],"when":[92],"combined":[93],"with":[94,110],"inhibitors.":[96],"Direct":[97],"inhibition":[98],"the":[100,111,174],"pathway":[102],"new":[105],"field":[106],"therapy":[109],"potential":[112,138],"control":[114],"factors":[116],"estrogen\u2010dependent":[120],"estrogen\u2010independent":[122],"pathways":[123],"that":[124],"contribute":[125],"tumor":[127],"pathology":[128],"progression.":[130],"Thus,":[131],"are":[134],"being":[135],"studied":[136],"therapies.":[140],"Recently,":[141],"nanoparticle\u2010based":[142],"modulators":[144],"anticipated":[147],"numerous":[150],"while":[152],"also":[153],"delivering":[154],"releasing":[156],"controlled":[160],"manner,":[161],"resulting":[162],"improved":[164],"bioavailability":[165],"fewer":[167],"adverse":[168],"effects.":[169],"This":[170],"review":[171],"focusses":[172],"on":[173],"pathway,":[180],"including":[181],"its":[182],"current":[183],"status":[184],"obstacles":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-08-17T00:00:00"}