{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203570989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","title":"Physical Evaluation and Stability of HPMC-Based Bromelain Enzyme Gel Preparation","display_name":"Physical Evaluation and Stability of HPMC-Based Bromelain Enzyme Gel Preparation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203570989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","pdf_url":"https://ejurnaljlm.com/index.php/jftsk/article/download/315/166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404660628","display_name":"Jurnal Farmasi Teknologi Sediaan dan Kosmetika.","issn_l":"3063-2226","issn":["3063-2226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Farmasi Teknologi Sediaan dan Kosmetika","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ejurnaljlm.com/index.php/jftsk/article/download/315/166","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147281156","display_name":"Fira Irianti Umar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153860","display_name":"State University of Gorontalo","ror":"https://ror.org/05417j740","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fira Irianti Umar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Negeri Gorontalo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Negeri Gorontalo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004966997","display_name":"Mohamad Aprianto Paneo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2032-8334","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2032-8334"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153860","display_name":"State University of Gorontalo","ror":"https://ror.org/05417j740","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamad Aprianto Paneo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Negeri Gorontalo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Negeri Gorontalo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051041595","display_name":"Muhammad Taupik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0535-8875","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0535-8875"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153860","display_name":"State University of Gorontalo","ror":"https://ror.org/05417j740","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Taupik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Negeri Gorontalo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Negeri Gorontalo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147264057","display_name":"Isha Isa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153860","display_name":"State University of Gorontalo","ror":"https://ror.org/05417j740","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isha Isa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Negeri Gorontalo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Negeri Gorontalo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020468147","display_name":"Ariani H. Hutuba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1286-3130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1286-3130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153860","display_name":"State University of Gorontalo","ror":"https://ror.org/05417j740","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ariani H Hutuba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Negeri Gorontalo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Negeri Gorontalo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153860"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46743051,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"87","last_page":"99"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13725","display_name":"Pineapple and bromelain studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13725","display_name":"Pineapple and bromelain studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10343","display_name":"Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bromelain","display_name":"bromelain","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose","display_name":"hydroxypropyl methylcellulose","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topical-preparations","display_name":"topical formulation","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-stability","display_name":"physical stability","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscosity","display_name":"viscosity","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spreadability","display_name":"spreadability","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adhesiveness","display_name":"adhesiveness","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph","display_name":"pH","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biuret-test","display_name":"biuret test","score":0.7770000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777334355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415756","display_name":"Bromelain","level":4,"score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.6444000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46328234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501465","display_name":"Organoleptic","level":2,"score":0.6198999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019223276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212410","display_name":"Proteolytic enzymes","level":3,"score":0.42329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.3896999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779832904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410420","display_name":"Papain","level":3,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45904493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912807","display_name":"Active ingredient","level":2,"score":0.3490999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127172972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128709","display_name":"Viscosity","level":2,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97781552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804138","display_name":"Biuret test","level":3,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780589914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10675206","display_name":"Ingredient","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160845552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247562","display_name":"Bradford protein assay","level":2,"score":0.296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101660505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898301","display_name":"Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis","level":3,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40250595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185098","display_name":"Electrophoresis","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116084860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48255","display_name":"Gel electrophoresis","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","pdf_url":"https://ejurnaljlm.com/index.php/jftsk/article/download/315/166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404660628","display_name":"Jurnal Farmasi Teknologi Sediaan dan Kosmetika.","issn_l":"3063-2226","issn":["3063-2226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Farmasi Teknologi Sediaan dan Kosmetika","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70075/jftsk.v3i2.315","pdf_url":"https://ejurnaljlm.com/index.php/jftsk/article/download/315/166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404660628","display_name":"Jurnal Farmasi Teknologi Sediaan dan Kosmetika.","issn_l":"3063-2226","issn":["3063-2226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Farmasi Teknologi Sediaan dan Kosmetika","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.428600013256073,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203570989.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7203570989.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2261410883","https://openalex.org/W4392295913","https://openalex.org/W2784255535","https://openalex.org/W2137547256","https://openalex.org/W2803357694","https://openalex.org/W2980421753","https://openalex.org/W2110240618","https://openalex.org/W3212901330","https://openalex.org/W7217395394","https://openalex.org/W2622874494"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bromelain":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,28,33,54,156,199],"proteolytic":[3],"enzyme":[4,78,106,247],"derived":[5],"from":[6],"pineapple":[7],"(Ananas":[8],"comosus)":[9],"and":[10,39,67,72,96,116,133,163,178,203,211,226],"has":[11],"potential":[12],"as":[13,46,153,229,257],"an":[14,75],"active":[15],"ingredient":[16],"in":[17,24,175,221,238],"topical":[18,60],"preparations.":[19],"The":[20,81,98,119,141,170,213],"development":[21],"of":[22,74,93,111,131,274],"bromelain":[23,77,105,109,177,184,201,246],"gel":[25,48,57,79,89,107,158,180,248,261],"form":[26,53],"requires":[27],"suitable":[29,58,151,260],"base":[30,49,100],"to":[31,65,103,269],"produce":[32],"preparation":[34,249],"with":[35,108,159,232,254],"good":[36,251],"physical":[37,70,252,272],"characteristics":[38,71],"stability.":[40],"Hydroxypropyl":[41],"methylcellulose":[42],"(HPMC)":[43],"was":[44,83,101,148,173],"selected":[45,99],"the":[47,69,136,149,168,205,233,242,244,258,271,275],"because":[50],"it":[51,154],"can":[52],"stable,":[55],"homogeneous":[56,157],"for":[59,207],"use.":[61],"This":[62],"study":[63,82],"aimed":[64],"formulate":[66],"evaluate":[68],"stability":[73,134,214,273],"HPMC-based":[76,245],"preparation.":[80,276],"conducted":[84],"experimentally":[85],"by":[86],"optimizing":[87],"HPMC":[88,147,256],"bases":[90],"at":[91],"concentrations":[92,110],"1%,":[94],"2%,":[95],"3%.":[97],"used":[102],"prepare":[104],"2%":[112,146,255],"(F1),":[113],"4%":[114],"(F2),":[115],"8%":[117],"(F3).":[118],"evaluation":[120,191],"included":[121],"organoleptic":[122,219],"properties,":[123],"homogeneity,":[124],"pH,":[125,160,208],"viscosity,":[126,161,209],"spreadability,":[127,162,210],"adhesiveness,":[128],"qualitative":[129],"identification":[130],"bromelain,":[132],"using":[135],"temperature":[137,230,265],"stress":[138],"test":[139,172,215],"method.":[140],"optimization":[142],"results":[143],"showed":[144,192,216,250],"that":[145,166,183,193],"most":[150,259],"base,":[152],"produced":[155],"adhesiveness":[164],"values":[165],"met":[167,204],"requirements.":[169],"Biuret":[171],"positive":[174],"pure":[176],"all":[179,194,222],"formulas,":[181],"indicating":[182],"protein":[185],"remained":[186],"detectable":[187],"after":[188],"formulation.":[189],"Physical":[190],"formulas":[195],"were":[196],"homogeneous,":[197],"had":[198],"characteristic":[200],"odor,":[202],"requirements":[206],"adhesiveness.":[212],"no":[217],"noticeable":[218],"changes":[220],"formulas.":[223],"However,":[224,263],"pH":[225],"viscosity":[227,235],"decreased":[228],"increased,":[231],"greatest":[234],"reduction":[236],"observed":[237],"F3.":[239],"Based":[240],"on":[241],"results,":[243],"characteristics,":[253],"base.":[262],"storage":[264],"should":[266],"be":[267],"considered":[268],"maintain":[270]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-17T00:00:00"}
