{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202397983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04091","title":"Noninvasive, Rapid, and Ultrasensitive Detection of Salivary Glycated Hemoglobin for Point-of-Care Testing of Diabetes","display_name":"Noninvasive, Rapid, and Ultrasensitive Detection of Salivary Glycated Hemoglobin for Point-of-Care Testing of Diabetes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202397983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04091","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42674051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191963794","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry","issn_l":"0003-2700","issn":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147072142","display_name":"Tiantian Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiantian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuhao Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026495410","display_name":"Xuantang Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuantang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034191942","display_name":"Jianlan Jin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127380","display_name":"Pudong Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nptez24","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianlan Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210127380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011099443","display_name":"Song Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-0507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-0507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127380","display_name":"Pudong Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nptez24","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210127380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103186287","display_name":"Lijiao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-800X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-800X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127380","display_name":"Pudong Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nptez24","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijiao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210127380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100832539","display_name":"Xinlu Yuan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127380","display_name":"Pudong Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nptez24","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinlu Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210127380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078419032","display_name":"Mingxia Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3022-1595","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3022-1595"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingxia Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3022-1595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015456225","display_name":"Xiangmin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-7992","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-7992"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangmin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-7992","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56029712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"98","issue":"33","first_page":"24498","last_page":"24506"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11393","display_name":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11393","display_name":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10212","display_name":"Electrochemical sensors and biosensors","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11754","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c","display_name":"HbA1c","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-diagnosis","display_name":"diabetes diagnosis","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lateral-flow-assay","display_name":"lateral flow assay","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-of-care-testing","display_name":"point-of-care testing","score":0.8659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777538456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311213","display_name":"Glycated hemoglobin","level":4,"score":0.8192999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504460877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155925","display_name":"Saliva","level":2,"score":0.6783000230789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Hemoglobin","level":2,"score":0.5884000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40993552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","level":2,"score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777393523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50008082","display_name":"Hemoglobin A","level":3,"score":0.4104999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43044207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618363","display_name":"Venous blood","level":2,"score":0.3889000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1621761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7997549","display_name":"Whole blood","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25099998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119128265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900165","display_name":"Detection limit","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067716","descriptor_name":"Point-of-Care Testing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000067716","descriptor_name":"Point-of-Care Testing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000092025","descriptor_name":"Rapid Diagnostic Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000092025","descriptor_name":"Rapid Diagnostic Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006442","descriptor_name":"Glycated Hemoglobin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006442","descriptor_name":"Glycated Hemoglobin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007118","descriptor_name":"Immunoassay","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007118","descriptor_name":"Immunoassay","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012463","descriptor_name":"Saliva","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012463","descriptor_name":"Saliva","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057230","descriptor_name":"Limit of Detection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057230","descriptor_name":"Limit of Detection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6c04091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191963794","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry","issn_l":"0003-2700","issn":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42674051","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42674051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9789000153541565}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1907974338","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024YFC3405402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6236168983","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project 22574027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987121949","https://openalex.org/W2048323281","https://openalex.org/W2080467103","https://openalex.org/W2081030362","https://openalex.org/W2142484230","https://openalex.org/W2273537430","https://openalex.org/W2588244585","https://openalex.org/W2766531546","https://openalex.org/W2804767844","https://openalex.org/W2901402066","https://openalex.org/W2911222393","https://openalex.org/W2968091333","https://openalex.org/W2993927535","https://openalex.org/W3000338635","https://openalex.org/W3043329961","https://openalex.org/W3132888239","https://openalex.org/W4253693833","https://openalex.org/W4282597606","https://openalex.org/W4310459954","https://openalex.org/W4313340181","https://openalex.org/W4388573827","https://openalex.org/W4391841715","https://openalex.org/W4393188834","https://openalex.org/W4396222839","https://openalex.org/W4401406622","https://openalex.org/W4401554426","https://openalex.org/W4404458420","https://openalex.org/W4405187673","https://openalex.org/W4410709586","https://openalex.org/W4413790625"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,70,127],"glycated":[1,41],"hemoglobin":[2,38,42],"ratio":[3],"(HbA1c":[4],"%)":[5],"serves":[6],"as":[7],"the":[8,28,33,45,111,120,124,147],"gold":[9],"standard":[10],"for":[11,61,87,97,110,159],"diabetes":[12],"diagnosis,":[13],"but":[14],"traditional":[15],"detection":[16],"methods":[17],"require":[18],"invasive":[19],"blood":[20,135],"testing.":[21],"Although":[22],"saliva":[23],"holds":[24],"promising":[25],"noninvasive":[26,64],"potential,":[27],"complex":[29],"salivary":[30,37,67],"matrix":[31],"and":[32,40,63,91,107,117,143,152,163],"low":[34],"abundance":[35],"of":[36,47,66,114,123],"(Hb)":[39],"(HbA1c)":[43],"restrict":[44],"development":[46],"reliable":[48],"immunoassays.":[49],"Here,":[50],"we":[51],"present":[52],"an":[53,150],"HbA1c/Hb":[54],"dual-detection":[55],"lateral":[56],"flow":[57],"assay":[58,71],"(LFA)":[59],"platform":[60,104],"rapid":[62],"quantification":[65],"HbA1c":[68,88,125],"%.":[69,126],"integrates":[72],"two":[73],"distinct":[74],"capture":[75],"strategies":[76],"onto":[77],"a":[78,82,92,140],"single":[79],"LFA":[80],"strip:":[81],"streptavidin":[83],"(SA)-biotin":[84],"bridging":[85],"system":[86,148],"(T1":[89],"line)":[90],"conventional":[93],"double-antibody":[94],"sandwich":[95],"format":[96],"nonglycated":[98],"Hb":[99,116],"(T2":[100],"line).":[101],"Consequently,":[102],"our":[103],"enables":[105],"simultaneous":[106],"single-step":[108],"measurement":[109],"absolute":[112],"concentrations":[113],"both":[115],"HbA1c,":[118],"facilitating":[119],"precise":[121],"calculation":[122],"analytical":[128],"accuracy":[129],"was":[130],"validated":[131],"against":[132],"paired":[133],"venous":[134],"samples.":[136],"Additionally,":[137],"coupling":[138],"with":[139],"low-cost,":[141],"3D-printed,":[142],"smartphone-based":[144],"fluorescence":[145],"reader,":[146],"provides":[149],"economical":[151],"efficient":[153],"point-of":[154],"care":[155],"testing":[156],"solution,":[157],"particularly":[158],"clinical":[160],"preliminary":[161],"screening":[162],"at-home":[164],"self-testing.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2026-08-14T00:00:00"}