{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202352832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309","title":"Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Peri-Urban Transformation and Spatial Urban Patterns in Pathum Thani, Thailand","display_name":"Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Peri-Urban Transformation and Spatial Urban Patterns in Pathum Thani, Thailand","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202352832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su18168309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044093491","display_name":"Pawinee Iamtrakul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-2995","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-2995"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108108428","display_name":"Thammasat University","ror":"https://ror.org/002yp7f20","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108108428"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawinee Iamtrakul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Urban Mobility Research and Innovation, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-2995","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Urban Mobility Research and Innovation, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108108428"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019798379","display_name":"I-soon Raungratanaamporn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4497-1015","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4497-1015"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82475049","display_name":"Suranaree University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sgb8g78","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82475049"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I-Soon Raungratanaamporn","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82475049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055490104","display_name":"Sararad Chayphong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8833-2613","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8833-2613"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108108428","display_name":"Thammasat University","ror":"https://ror.org/002yp7f20","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108108428"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sararad Chayphong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Urban Mobility Research and Innovation, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Urban Mobility Research and Innovation, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108108428"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075969794","display_name":"Weijun Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0299-3686","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0299-3686","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9077-0752"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17056963","display_name":"The University of Kitakyushu","ror":"https://ror.org/03mfefw72","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17056963"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weijun Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0299-3686","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17056963"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147093855","display_name":"Junyi Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55482589,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"16","first_page":"8309","last_page":"8309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.3481000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.3481000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.32350000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.20569999516010284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathum-thani","display_name":"Pathum Thani","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/built-up-area-expansion","display_name":"built-up area expansion","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-heat","display_name":"urban heat","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-quality","display_name":"air quality","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-loss","display_name":"vegetation loss","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nighttime-lights","display_name":"nighttime lights","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-surface-temperature","display_name":"land surface temperature","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-pollutants","display_name":"air pollutants","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatiotemporal-analysis","display_name":"spatio-temporal analysis","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-means-clustering","display_name":"K-means clustering","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-spatial-patterns","display_name":"urban spatial patterns","score":0.39800000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.7439000010490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.701200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5418999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5175999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54005896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215712","display_name":"Urban heat island","level":2,"score":0.5004000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4799000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.4578999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777613398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520022","display_name":"Environmental indicator","level":2,"score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70798638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4575211","display_name":"Environmental quality","level":2,"score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126314574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364111","display_name":"Air quality index","level":2,"score":0.39660000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.385699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158049464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075337","display_name":"Urban climate","level":3,"score":0.37770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.35830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3531999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539469273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1749732","display_name":"Environmental monitoring","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16989226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16934857","display_name":"Environmental change","level":3,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158709400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3578586","display_name":"Spatial ecology","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122690726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3348639","display_name":"Land use, land-use change and forestry","level":3,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180949853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6970339","display_name":"Criteria air contaminants","level":4,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su18168309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su18168309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323439","display_name":"Thammasat University","ror":"https://ror.org/002yp7f20"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024165284","https://openalex.org/W2044609898","https://openalex.org/W2163736331","https://openalex.org/W2465297350","https://openalex.org/W2889357027","https://openalex.org/W2943054785","https://openalex.org/W3006091220","https://openalex.org/W3011989342","https://openalex.org/W3200964016","https://openalex.org/W4220874511","https://openalex.org/W4293581506","https://openalex.org/W4376108339","https://openalex.org/W4389208498","https://openalex.org/W4389735158","https://openalex.org/W4390277582","https://openalex.org/W4390831373","https://openalex.org/W4392663114","https://openalex.org/W4401404431","https://openalex.org/W4402842104","https://openalex.org/W4404060480","https://openalex.org/W4406307819","https://openalex.org/W4407088169","https://openalex.org/W4408408478","https://openalex.org/W4409103544","https://openalex.org/W4411885574","https://openalex.org/W4412077064","https://openalex.org/W4412690570","https://openalex.org/W4416138527","https://openalex.org/W4416840845","https://openalex.org/W7117323189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2316937257","https://openalex.org/W4403310015","https://openalex.org/W4360602725","https://openalex.org/W7112523653","https://openalex.org/W7165779851","https://openalex.org/W4413876891","https://openalex.org/W7220375751","https://openalex.org/W7163549928","https://openalex.org/W4292607947","https://openalex.org/W7171402942"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"investigates":[2],"peri-urban":[3,80,149],"transformation":[4,69,150],"dynamics":[5],"in":[6],"Pathum":[7],"Thani,":[8],"Thailand,":[9],"using":[10],"a":[11],"spatio-temporal":[12,157],"analytical":[13],"framework":[14],"integrating":[15],"urbanization":[16],"and":[17,46,52,56,60,71,78,89,95,103,114,124,136,145,151,161],"environmental":[18,72,137,162],"indicators":[19,108],"derived":[20],"from":[21],"Google":[22],"Earth":[23],"Engine":[24],"(GEE).":[25],"The":[26,74],"analysis":[27,59,126],"incorporates":[28],"Normalized":[29,34],"Difference":[30,35],"Built-up":[31],"Index":[32,37],"(NDBI),":[33],"Vegetation":[36],"(NDVI),":[38],"Night-Time":[39],"Light":[40],"(NTL),":[41],"Land":[42],"Surface":[43],"Temperature":[44],"(LST)":[45],"atmospheric":[47],"pollutants":[48],"(CO,":[49],"NO2,":[50],"SO2":[51],"CH4)":[53],"between":[54],"2018":[55],"2025.":[57],"Statistical":[58],"K-means":[61],"clustering":[62],"approaches":[63,158],"were":[64],"applied":[65],"to":[66],"identify":[67],"urban":[68,111,160],"patterns":[70],"impacts.":[73],"results":[75],"reveal":[76],"fragmented":[77],"uneven":[79],"development":[81],"strongly":[82],"influenced":[83],"by":[84],"Bangkok\u2019s":[85],"metropolitan":[86],"expansion.":[87],"NDBI":[88,125],"NTL":[90],"indicate":[91],"continuous":[92],"built-up":[93,134],"expansion":[94,135],"intensifying":[96],"socio-economic":[97],"activity,":[98],"particularly":[99],"along":[100],"transportation":[101],"corridors":[102],"sub-urban":[104],"growth":[105],"fronts.":[106],"Environmental":[107],"revealed":[109],"increasing":[110],"heat":[112],"intensity":[113],"deteriorating":[115],"air":[116],"quality":[117],"over":[118],"the":[119,140,143,153],"study":[120],"period.":[121],"Temporal":[122],"NDVI":[123],"further":[127],"reveals":[128],"alternating":[129],"cycles":[130],"of":[131,148,155],"vegetation":[132],"loss,":[133],"recovery.":[138],"Overall,":[139],"findings":[141],"highlight":[142],"complex":[144],"multidimensional":[146],"nature":[147],"demonstrate":[152],"applicability":[154],"integrated":[156],"for":[159],"analysis.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2026-08-14T00:00:00"}