{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202348484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","title":"Effects of dopamine and serotonin on persistence for delayed rewards in humans","display_name":"Effects of dopamine and serotonin on persistence for delayed rewards in humans","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202348484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42845435","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13640697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/08/13/2026.08.11.744183.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/08/13/2026.08.11.744183.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071966935","display_name":"Karolina Maria Lempert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-5568","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-5568"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71965598","display_name":"Adelphi University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n13r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71965598"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karolina M. Lempert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Gordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-5568","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71965598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002007840","display_name":"Laura Zaneski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Zaneski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103080444","display_name":"Arjun Ramakrishnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-4873","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-4873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjun Ramakrishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-4873","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084652393","display_name":"Daniel H. Wolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-8781","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-8781"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel H. Wolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004871576","display_name":"Joseph W. Kable","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6495-9040","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6495-9040"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph W. Kable","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6495-9040","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004871576"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.913100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.913100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.08169999718666077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persistence","display_name":"persistence","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-rewards","display_name":"delayed rewards","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine","display_name":"dopamine","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serotonin","display_name":"serotonin","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-dopa","display_name":"L-DOPA","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escitalopram","display_name":"escitalopram","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waiting-behavior","display_name":"waiting behavior","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunity-cost","display_name":"opportunity cost","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foraging-decisions","display_name":"foraging decisions","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploration-versus-exploitation","display_name":"exploration versus exploitation","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-discounting","display_name":"delay discounting","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-perception","display_name":"time perception","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-tolerance","display_name":"risk tolerance","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"anxiety","score":0.5080000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781009140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7170389","display_name":"Persistence (discontinuity)","level":2,"score":0.7623999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37000724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50430226","display_name":"Serotonergic","level":4,"score":0.7268000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779583969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423757","display_name":"Escitalopram","level":4,"score":0.7182999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.6371999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5716999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775864247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167934","display_name":"Serotonin","level":3,"score":0.5511000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3774000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776219046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162657","display_name":"Neurotransmitter","level":3,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777893452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186412","display_name":"Temporal discounting","level":3,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137183658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076","display_name":"Dopaminergic","level":3,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165287380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916569","display_name":"Foraging","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6177178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10998070","display_name":"Discounting","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/08/13/2026.08.11.744183.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:42845435","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42845435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13640697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42845435/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744183","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/08/13/2026.08.11.744183.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1043879701","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UL1 TR001878","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309370","funder_display_name":"University of Pennsylvania"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000891309","display_name":"Institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award","funder_award_id":"UL1TR001878","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309370","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337472","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202348484.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202348484.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6902250242","https://openalex.org/W2037305376","https://openalex.org/W1706830489","https://openalex.org/W2075781789","https://openalex.org/W2005453809","https://openalex.org/W1978699011","https://openalex.org/W4402846953","https://openalex.org/W7164132784","https://openalex.org/W4411206298","https://openalex.org/W7073689789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"People":[1],"often":[2],"must":[3],"decide":[4],"how":[5],"long":[6],"to":[7,76,148],"continue":[8],"waiting":[9,34],"for":[10,162,175,191],"rewards":[11,176],"that":[12,24,42,50,126,171],"will":[13],"arrive":[14],"at":[15],"an":[16],"uncertain":[17],"time":[18,140],"in":[19,80,95,103,200],"the":[20,30,112,163,179],"future.":[21],"We":[22,124],"propose":[23],"these":[25],"persistence":[26,51,130,196],"decisions":[27,52],"involve":[28],"weighing":[29],"benefits":[31],"of":[32,38,114,152,165],"continued":[33],"against":[35],"opportunity":[36],"costs":[37],"waiting,":[39],"a":[40,64,98],"balance":[41],"may":[43],"shift":[44],"over":[45],"time.":[46],"This":[47],"framework":[48],"suggests":[49],"share":[53],"neural":[54],"mechanisms":[55,151],"with":[56,82,117,122],"foraging":[57],"decisions,":[58],"which":[59],"require":[60],"ongoing":[61],"comparisons":[62],"between":[63],"current":[65],"resource":[66],"and":[67,71,86,119,131,144,167,197],"possible":[68],"alternatives.":[69],"Dopamine":[70],"serotonin":[72,87,121],"have":[73],"been":[74],"proposed":[75],"play":[77],"opposing":[78],"roles":[79,94],"foraging,":[81],"dopamine":[83,116],"promoting":[84,88],"exploration":[85,199],"exploitation.":[89],"Here":[90],"we":[91,110],"investigated":[92],"their":[93],"persistence.":[96,156,186],"In":[97,187],"within-subjects,":[99],"double-blind,":[100],"placebo-controlled":[101],"study":[102],"young":[104],"adults":[105],"(":[106],"n":[107],"=":[108],"42),":[109],"examined":[111],"effects":[113,154,164],"increasing":[115,120],"L-dopa":[118,127,182,194],"escitalopram.":[123],"predicted":[125],"would":[128,133],"decrease":[129],"escitalopram":[132],"increase":[134],"it.":[135],"Participants":[136],"also":[137],"completed":[138],"patch-foraging,":[139],"perception,":[141],"risk":[142],"tolerance,":[143],"temporal":[145],"discounting":[146],"tasks":[147],"explore":[149],"potential":[150],"drug":[153],"on":[155],"Escitalopram":[157],"increased":[158,198],"persistence,":[159],"after":[160,177],"adjusting":[161],"anxiety":[166],"condition":[168],"order,":[169],"such":[170],"participants":[172],"waited":[173],"longer":[174],"taking":[178],"serotonergic":[180],"drug.":[181],"did":[183],"not":[184],"influence":[185],"exploratory":[188],"analyses":[189],"controlling":[190],"age,":[192],"however,":[193],"reduced":[195],"foraging.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-08-14T00:00:00"}
