{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202298055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","title":"Sarcopenia among mid-to-older adults in Southeast Asia: A multi-national systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors","display_name":"Sarcopenia among mid-to-older adults in Southeast Asia: A multi-national systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202298055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107309357","display_name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","issn_l":"1594-0667","issn":["1594-0667","1720-8319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094154164","display_name":"Vaibhavkumar N. Shrivastav","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2376-146X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2376-146X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50268529","display_name":"M. P. Shah Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdjpj45","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50268529"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vaibhavkumar N. Shrivastav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community Medicine, M.P. SHAH Government Medical College, Pandit Nehru Marg, Jamnagar, Gujarat, 361008, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2376-146X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Medicine, M.P. SHAH Government Medical College, Pandit Nehru Marg, Jamnagar, Gujarat, 361008, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50268529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118672124","display_name":"Mohit Nareshbhai Makwana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7840-6153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7840-6153"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135230010","display_name":"Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/015bxyv30","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135230010"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohit N. Makwana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI), Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7840-6153","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI), Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135230010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108969384","display_name":"Harsh Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2209-1161","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2209-1161","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7885-5474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50268529","display_name":"M. P. Shah Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdjpj45","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50268529"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harsh Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shri M.P. Shah Government Medical College, Pandit Nehru Marg, Jamnagar City, Gujarat, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7885-5474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shri M.P. Shah Government Medical College, Pandit Nehru Marg, Jamnagar City, Gujarat, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50268529"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146945838","display_name":"Rutansh Upadhyay","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50268529","display_name":"M. P. Shah Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdjpj45","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50268529"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rutansh Upadhyay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shri M.P. Shah Government Medical College, Pandit Nehru Marg, Jamnagar City, Gujarat, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shri M.P. Shah Government Medical College, Pandit Nehru Marg, Jamnagar City, Gujarat, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50268529"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094154164"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50268529"],"apc_list":{"value":4490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4490},"apc_paid":{"value":4490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4490},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10397","display_name":"Nutrition and Health in Aging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10397","display_name":"Nutrition and Health in Aging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11011","display_name":"Frailty in Older Adults","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10441","display_name":"Muscle Physiology and Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sarcopenia","display_name":"sarcopenia","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence","display_name":"prevalence","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southeast-asia","display_name":"Southeast Asia","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeletal-muscle-atrophy","display_name":"skeletal muscle atrophy","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calf-circumference","display_name":"calf circumference","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underweight","display_name":"underweight","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thailand","display_name":"Thailand","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia","display_name":"Indonesia","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-aging","display_name":"population aging","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/falls-and-fractures","display_name":"falls and fractures","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality-risk","display_name":"mortality risk","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/awgs-criteria","display_name":"AWGS criteria","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ewgsop-criteria","display_name":"EWGSOP criteria","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/publication-bias","display_name":"publication bias","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneity-sources","display_name":"heterogeneity sources","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-size","display_name":"sample size","score":0.4050000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787939","display_name":"Sarcopenia","level":2,"score":0.8738999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8198999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.6492999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146902","display_name":"Underweight","level":4,"score":0.5903000235557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.552299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.4977000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.4878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4417000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.3952000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82605166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967190","display_name":"Funnel plot","level":4,"score":0.3831999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780439572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919364","display_name":"Publication bias","level":3,"score":0.3788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.37450000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152541439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186693","display_name":"Critical appraisal","level":3,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186079640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719602","display_name":"Prevalence","level":3,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020774429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201886","display_name":"Web of science","level":3,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992343062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Muscle mass","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107309357","display_name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","issn_l":"1594-0667","issn":["1594-0667","1720-8319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03468-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107309357","display_name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","issn_l":"1594-0667","issn":["1594-0667","1720-8319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis","display_name":"Meta-Analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401161652","https://openalex.org/W4389280343","https://openalex.org/W4391282945","https://openalex.org/W4390890268","https://openalex.org/W4401331941","https://openalex.org/W4400174130","https://openalex.org/W3195354595","https://openalex.org/W7202078093","https://openalex.org/W4303183554","https://openalex.org/W4409418871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sarcopenia,":[0],"a":[1,160,165],"progressive":[2],"skeletal":[3],"muscle":[4],"disorder":[5],"associated":[6,35],"with":[7,87,217],"falls,":[8],"fractures,":[9],"and":[10,23,33,43,72,92,104,107,114,119,137,176,200,248,266,318,345,357,375],"mortality,":[11],"poses":[12],"significant":[13],"challenges":[14],"for":[15,50],"Southeast":[16,29],"Asia\u2019s":[17],"aging":[18],"population.":[19],"This":[20],"systematic":[21,372],"review":[22],"meta-analysis":[24,82],"determined":[25],"sarcopenia":[26,53,146,219],"prevalence":[27,54,86,147,182,210,223,359],"among":[28,307],"Asian":[30],"older":[31,308],"adults":[32,56,309],"identified":[34,260],"risk":[36,238,380],"factors.":[37,381],"We":[38],"searched":[39],"PubMed/MEDLINE,":[40],"Embase,":[41],"Scopus,":[42],"Web":[44],"of":[45,275,349,371],"Science":[46],"through":[47],"December":[48],"2024":[49],"studies":[51,123,207,214],"reporting":[52],"in":[55,255,310],"aged":[57],"\u2265":[58],"45":[59],"years":[60],"using":[61,75,102],"validated":[62],"criteria":[63],"(AWGS,":[64],"EWGSOP).":[65],"Two":[66],"reviewers":[67],"independently":[68],"conducted":[69],"selection,":[70],"extraction,":[71],"quality":[73],"assessment":[74],"the":[76,84,272,301,311],"JBI":[77],"Critical":[78],"Appraisal":[79],"Checklist.":[80],"Random-effects":[81],"calculated":[83],"pooled":[85,302],"95%":[88,323],"confidence":[89],"intervals.":[90],"Meta-regression":[91],"meta-moderator":[93],"analysis":[94,259,296],"explored":[95],"heterogeneity":[96,172,280],"sources.":[97],"Publication":[98,283],"bias":[99,284],"was":[100,148,285],"assessed":[101],"Begg\u2019s":[103],"Egger\u2019s":[105,288],"tests,":[106],"funnel":[108],"plots.":[109],"Sensitivity":[110],"analysis,":[111],"GRADE":[112,179],"assessment,":[113],"Baujat":[115],"plots":[116],"evaluated":[117],"robustness":[118],"evidence":[120,313],"quality.":[121],"Thirty-six":[122],"(99,008":[124],"participants)":[125],"from":[126,315],"Thailand":[127,201],"(":[128,133,139,290],"n":[129,134,140],"=":[130,135,141,174,292],"18),":[131],"India":[132,195],"16),":[136],"Indonesia":[138,185,319],"2)":[142],"were":[143],"included.":[144],"Pooled":[145],"26%":[149],"(95%":[150,187,197,203],"CI:":[151,188,198,204,324],"20\u201333%),":[152,325],"though":[153,278],"this":[154,229,327],"estimate":[155,321],"should":[156,329],"be":[157,330],"interpreted":[158,331],"as":[159,271],"broad":[161],"summary":[162],"rather":[163,362],"than":[164,212,225,363],"precise":[166],"regional":[167],"figure":[168,328],"given":[169,333],"very":[170,334],"high":[171,335],"(I\u00b2":[173],"98.7%)":[175],"overall":[177,346],"LOW":[178,347],"certainty.":[180],"Country-specific":[181],"varied":[183],"widely:":[184],"56%":[186],"42\u201369%;":[189],"based":[190],"on":[191,300],"only":[192],"two":[193],"studies),":[194],"32%":[196],"21\u201345%),":[199],"19%":[202],"14\u201325%).":[205],"Hospital-based":[206],"reported":[208,254],"higher":[209],"(31%)":[211],"community-based":[213],"(21%).":[215],"Countries":[216],"official":[218],"policies":[220],"showed":[221],"lower":[222,358],"(19%)":[224],"those":[226],"without":[227],"(35%);":[228],"cross-sectional,":[230],"hypothesis-generating":[231,361],"association":[232,352],"does":[233],"not":[234],"establish":[235],"causality.":[236],"Significant":[237],"factors":[239],"included":[240,312,340],"advanced":[241],"age,":[242],"underweight":[243],"status,":[244],"suboptimal":[245],"calf":[246],"circumference,":[247],"female":[249],"sex":[250],"(full":[251],"odds":[252],"ratios":[253],"Table":[256],"3).":[257],"Meta-moderator":[258],"sample":[261],"size":[262],"(29.7%),":[263],"country":[264],"(16.5%),":[265],"national":[267,354],"guideline":[268,355],"adoption":[269,356],"(13.9%)":[270],"primary":[273],"sources":[274],"between-study":[276],"variance,":[277],"most":[279],"remained":[281],"unexplained.":[282],"detected":[286],"by":[287],"test":[289],"p":[291],"0.0014),":[293],"but":[294],"trim-and-fill":[295],"indicated":[297],"minimal":[298],"impact":[299],"estimate.":[303],"Sarcopenia":[304],"appears":[305],"common":[306],"base":[314],"Thailand,":[316],"India,":[317],"(pooled":[320],"26%,":[322],"although":[326],"cautiously":[332],"heterogeneity,":[336],"geographic":[337],"imbalance":[338],"across":[339],"countries,":[341],"mixed":[342],"hospital/community":[343],"settings,":[344],"certainty":[348],"evidence.":[350],"The":[351],"between":[353],"is":[360],"causal.":[364],"These":[365],"findings":[366],"nonetheless":[367],"support":[368],"further":[369],"evaluation":[370],"screening":[373],"programmes":[374],"evidence-based":[376],"interventions":[377],"targeting":[378],"modifiable":[379],"CRD42024629074":[382]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-08-13T00:00:00"}
