{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202294513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","title":"Cycle-Adaptive Modality Principle (CAMP): A Shadow-Graph Approach to E-Learning Scheduling","display_name":"Cycle-Adaptive Modality Principle (CAMP): A Shadow-Graph Approach to E-Learning Scheduling","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202294513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419369","display_name":"International Conference on e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 17th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business, E-Management and E-Learning (IC4e)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049618079","display_name":"Merliza F. Libao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7380-7951","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7380-7951"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I210563421","display_name":"Caraga State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00erb5q72","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I210563421"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Merliza F. Libao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Caraga State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Caraga State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I210563421"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049618079"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I210563421"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"486","last_page":"490"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.5679000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.5679000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12401","display_name":"Scheduling and Timetabling Solutions","score":0.2888000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14496","display_name":"Educational Technology and E-Learning","score":0.06360000371932983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadowgraph","display_name":"shadowgraph","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-coloring","display_name":"graph coloring","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blended-learning","display_name":"blended learning","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-and-asynchronous-learning","display_name":"synchronous and asynchronous learning","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timetabling","display_name":"timetabling","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"mathematics education","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"higher education","score":0.5910000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6470999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5285000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33739998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2506999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.23029999434947968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2273000031709671}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419369","display_name":"International Conference on e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 17th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business, E-Management and E-Learning (IC4e)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic4e69618.2026.11631400","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419369","display_name":"International Conference on e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 17th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business, E-Management and E-Learning (IC4e)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519532587","https://openalex.org/W1574922254","https://openalex.org/W1601081952","https://openalex.org/W2087215158","https://openalex.org/W2104357911","https://openalex.org/W2117701826","https://openalex.org/W2127670720","https://openalex.org/W3135995183","https://openalex.org/W4232896595","https://openalex.org/W4407453953","https://openalex.org/W4407666856","https://openalex.org/W4410003285"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W26392186","https://openalex.org/W3143889593","https://openalex.org/W2222670585","https://openalex.org/W6981081000","https://openalex.org/W2599655190","https://openalex.org/W2406568837","https://openalex.org/W1548362214","https://openalex.org/W2970253357","https://openalex.org/W3188540229","https://openalex.org/W888575552"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"introduces":[2],"the":[3,65,88,116,119,129],"Cycle-Adaptive":[4],"Modality":[5],"Principle":[6],"(CAMP),":[7],"a":[8,37,44,58,73,149],"framework":[9,42],"for":[10,72,78,83,154],"structuring":[11],"e-learning":[12,156],"schedules":[13,157],"that":[14,24,100,140],"preserve":[15],"instructional":[16],"rhythm":[17],"across":[18],"multiple":[19],"delivery":[20],"modes.":[21],"CAMP":[22,96],"maintains":[23],"learning":[25,54,114,126],"continuity":[26],"is":[27],"achieved":[28],"when":[29],"synchronous,":[30],"asynchronous,":[31],"and":[32,52,81,112,124,151],"once-a-week":[33],"extended":[34],"sessions":[35],"follow":[36],"recurring":[38],"cyclic":[39],"sequence.":[40],"The":[41,137],"employs":[43],"shadow-graph":[45],"representation":[46,142],"to":[47],"visualize":[48],"how":[49,53],"courses":[50],"relate":[51],"modes":[55],"alternate":[56],"within":[57],"semester.":[59],"By":[60,108],"applying":[61],"classical":[62],"graph":[63],"coloring,":[64],"minimum":[66],"number":[67],"of":[68,105,121],"modality":[69],"slots":[70],"required":[71],"balanced":[74],"schedule":[75],"was":[76],"determined-two":[77],"even":[79],"cycles":[80],"three":[82],"odd":[84],"cycles.":[85],"Implemented":[86],"in":[87,128,158],"BS":[89],"Mathematics":[90],"program":[91],"at":[92],"Caraga":[93],"State":[94],"University,":[95],"produced":[97],"conflict-free":[98],"timetables":[99],"aligned":[101],"with":[102],"institutional":[103],"principles":[104],"blended-learning":[106],"design.":[107],"promoting":[109],"inclusive,":[110],"flexible,":[111],"sustainable":[113],"structures,":[115],"model":[117],"supports":[118],"goals":[120],"quality":[122],"education":[123],"lifelong":[125],"articulated":[127],"United":[130],"Nations":[131],"Sustainable":[132],"Development":[133],"Goals":[134],"(SDG":[135],"4).":[136],"results":[138],"demonstrate":[139],"mathematical":[141],"can":[143],"effectively":[144],"guide":[145],"pedagogical":[146],"planning,":[147],"providing":[148],"systematic":[150],"adaptable":[152],"basis":[153],"developing":[155],"higher-education":[159],"contexts.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-08-13T00:00:00"}