{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202284530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","title":"The effect of CoQ10 supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a grade-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis","display_name":"The effect of CoQ10 supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a grade-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202284530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42642774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29101735","display_name":"BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology","issn_l":"2050-6511","issn":["2050-6511"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008349913","display_name":"Farzaneh Rezagholizadeh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farzaneh Rezagholizadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition, Ansari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition, Ansari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147005948","display_name":"Soroosh Rezvani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soroosh Rezvani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031332818","display_name":"Fatemeh Hosseini Oskouie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107800","display_name":"National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02fgvvg92","country_code":"IR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107800"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatemeh Hosseini Oskouie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107800","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067031932","display_name":"Nazgol Bahreini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2668-5103","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2668-5103"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163205636","display_name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04krpx645","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163205636"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazgol Bahreini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medicine Science, Tabriz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medicine Science, Tabriz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163205636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039450591","display_name":"Seyyed Mostafa Arabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-6503","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-6503","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-7828"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312987727","display_name":"University of Neyshabur","ror":"https://ror.org/01x41eb05","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312987727"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405272741","display_name":"Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04n65fn83","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405272741"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyyed Mostafa Arabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran","Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312987727","https://openalex.org/I4405272741"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071342666","display_name":"Reyhaneh Sadeghian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110525433","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzn7k21","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155419210","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch","ror":"https://ror.org/03187yj51","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I155419210"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reyhaneh Sadeghian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I155419210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092362273","display_name":"Hadi Fakhari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39268498","display_name":"University of Isfahan","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9t7759","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39268498"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hadi Fakhari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39268498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029974904","display_name":"Reza Bagheri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1433-2906","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1433-2906"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39268498","display_name":"University of Isfahan","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9t7759","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39268498"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Bagheri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39268498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038552425","display_name":"Damoon Ashtary\u2010Larky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7968-6110","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7968-6110"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939603","display_name":"Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01rws6r75","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939603"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damoon Ashtary-Larky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939603"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092860904","display_name":"Elham Rastgoo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194604659","display_name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01n3s4692","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elham Rastgoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028622058","display_name":"Matin Ghanavati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7447-3845","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7447-3845"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107800","display_name":"National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02fgvvg92","country_code":"IR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107800"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matin Ghanavati","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. matinghanavati@sbmu.ac.ir"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. matinghanavati@sbmu.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107800","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000213506","display_name":"Omid Asbaghi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-4711","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-4711"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omid Asbaghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. omid.asbaghi@gmail.com","Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. omid.asbaghi@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. omid.asbaghi@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. omid.asbaghi@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000213506","https://openalex.org/A5028622058"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107800","https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40529363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13012","display_name":"Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13012","display_name":"Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coenzyme-q10","display_name":"coenzyme Q10","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-supplementation","display_name":"dietary supplementation","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prediabetes","display_name":"prediabetes","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-risk-factors","display_name":"cardiovascular risk factors","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triglycerides","display_name":"triglycerides","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fasting-blood-glucose","display_name":"fasting blood glucose","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c","display_name":"HbA1c","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-reactive-protein","display_name":"C-reactive protein","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malondialdehyde","display_name":"malondialdehyde","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hdl-cholesterol","display_name":"HDL cholesterol","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"blood pressure","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-profile","display_name":"lipid profile","score":0.9010000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779668308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2087205","display_name":"Prediabetes","level":4,"score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.910099983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6553999781608582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779384338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321285","display_name":"Coenzyme Q10","level":2,"score":0.5860999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.5307000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.5164999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778535154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5889863","display_name":"Homeostatic model assessment","level":4,"score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910068830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","level":3,"score":0.47690001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.46459999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780485761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275157","display_name":"Blood sugar","level":3,"score":0.3853999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778270857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2723972","display_name":"Lipid profile","level":3,"score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780578515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657193","display_name":"Metabolic syndrome","level":3,"score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.34060001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777185836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3306264","display_name":"Impaired fasting glucose","level":5,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777538456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311213","display_name":"Glycated hemoglobin","level":4,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018380654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572348","display_name":"Fasting glucose","level":4,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910150201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572348","display_name":"Fasting blood sugar","level":3,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018667095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3455903","display_name":"Glucose homeostasis","level":4,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57900726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492905","display_name":"Diastole","level":3,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780072125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28350","display_name":"Lipoprotein","level":3,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Hemoglobin","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000082742","descriptor_name":"Heart Disease Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000082742","descriptor_name":"Heart Disease Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000082742","descriptor_name":"Heart Disease Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000082742","descriptor_name":"Heart Disease Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011236","descriptor_name":"Prediabetic State","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011236","descriptor_name":"Prediabetic State","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011236","descriptor_name":"Prediabetic State","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011236","descriptor_name":"Prediabetic State","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014451","descriptor_name":"Ubiquinone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019587","descriptor_name":"Dietary Supplements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019587","descriptor_name":"Dietary Supplements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019587","descriptor_name":"Dietary Supplements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019587","descriptor_name":"Dietary Supplements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29101735","display_name":"BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology","issn_l":"2050-6511","issn":["2050-6511"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42642774","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42642774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC pharmacology & toxicology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13508260","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13508260/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13508260/pdf/40360_2025_Article_1002.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Pharmacol Toxicol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:24220ad1ab2440ca961d68ba9a204ebd","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/24220ad1ab2440ca961d68ba9a204ebd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-01002-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S29101735","display_name":"BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology","issn_l":"2050-6511","issn":["2050-6511"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5959096550941467}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W901067443","https://openalex.org/W1537972189","https://openalex.org/W1943738346","https://openalex.org/W1991778157","https://openalex.org/W2035787556","https://openalex.org/W2041627221","https://openalex.org/W2080576005","https://openalex.org/W2105731956","https://openalex.org/W2107328434","https://openalex.org/W2109885063","https://openalex.org/W2121863424","https://openalex.org/W2122154872","https://openalex.org/W2125435699","https://openalex.org/W2126930838","https://openalex.org/W2140727622","https://openalex.org/W2151061633","https://openalex.org/W2152195987","https://openalex.org/W2155208388","https://openalex.org/W2157823046","https://openalex.org/W2165010366","https://openalex.org/W2283174656","https://openalex.org/W2325861371","https://openalex.org/W2527989477","https://openalex.org/W2582349744","https://openalex.org/W2584281377","https://openalex.org/W2785119190","https://openalex.org/W2809996775","https://openalex.org/W2810250734","https://openalex.org/W2884575265","https://openalex.org/W2890146747","https://openalex.org/W2898182449","https://openalex.org/W2902269493","https://openalex.org/W2996623827","https://openalex.org/W3011001790","https://openalex.org/W3011566892","https://openalex.org/W3110037715","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3137796785","https://openalex.org/W3163859075","https://openalex.org/W3167483974","https://openalex.org/W3178385055","https://openalex.org/W4281739500","https://openalex.org/W4285393027","https://openalex.org/W4289636257","https://openalex.org/W4293065516","https://openalex.org/W4296579272","https://openalex.org/W4306168837","https://openalex.org/W4317851329","https://openalex.org/W4367369033"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Previous":[1],"research":[2,260],"has":[3],"shown":[4],"that":[5,189,243],"cardiovascular":[6,24,43,112,249],"events":[7],"are":[8],"more":[9],"prevalent":[10],"among":[11],"type":[12],"2":[13],"diabetes":[14],"mellitus":[15],"(T2DM)":[16],"patients;":[17],"therefore,":[18],"it":[19],"is":[20,267],"vital":[21],"to":[22,55,99,119,148],"reduce":[23],"risk":[25,44,113,250],"factors":[26,45,251],"in":[27,73,178,252],"this":[28],"population.":[29],"Randomized":[30],"controlled":[31],"trials":[32,134],"(RCTs)":[33],"investigating":[34],"the":[35,57,106,121,132,138,160,179,185,240],"effects":[36,58],"of":[37,59,93,108,131,184],"coenzyme":[38],"Q10":[39],"(CoQ10)":[40],"supplementation":[41,61,110,191,222,245],"on":[42,62,111],"have":[46],"reported":[47],"inconsistent":[48],"findings.":[49],"As":[50],"a":[51,165],"result,":[52],"we":[53],"intended":[54],"assess":[56],"CoQ10":[60,109,190,221,244],"lipid":[63],"and":[64,71,77,95,154,210,232,236,256,264],"glucose":[65],"profiles,":[66],"blood":[67,197,234],"pressure,":[68,235],"oxidative":[69],"stress,":[70],"inflammation":[72],"patients":[74,253],"with":[75,164,254,261],"prediabetes":[76,255],"T2DM.":[78,257],"METHODS:":[79],"A":[80],"systematic":[81],"literature":[82],"search":[83],"was":[84],"carried":[85],"out":[86],"using":[87,137,145],"electronic":[88],"databases,":[89],"including":[90],"PubMed,":[91],"Web":[92],"Science,":[94],"Scopus,":[96],"from":[97],"inception":[98],"May":[100],"2025to":[101],"identify":[102],"eligible":[103,174],"RCTs":[104,175],"evaluating":[105],"effect":[107],"factors.":[114],"We":[115],"used":[116],"STATA":[117],"software":[118],"combine":[120],"individual":[122],"study":[123],"results":[124,241],"for":[125,150,206],"all":[126],"outcomes":[127],"studied.":[128],"Heterogeneity":[129],"tests":[130],"selected":[133],"were":[135,143,157,176],"performed":[136,144],"I2":[139],"statistic.":[140],"All":[141],"analyses":[142],"random-effects":[146],"models":[147],"account":[149],"potential":[151],"between-study":[152],"heterogeneity,":[153],"pooled":[155,186],"data":[156],"determined":[158],"as":[159],"weighted":[161],"mean":[162],"difference":[163],"95%":[166],"confidence":[167],"interval.":[168],"RESULTS:":[169],"Of":[170],"4894":[171],"records,":[172],"20":[173],"included":[177],"current":[180],"meta-analysis.":[181],"Our":[182],"meta-analysis":[183],"findings":[187],"showed":[188],"significantly":[192,225],"reduced":[193],"triglycerides":[194],"(p=0.001),":[195],"fasting":[196],"sugar":[198],"(p<0.001),":[199],"hemoglobin":[200],"A1c":[201],"(p=0.004),":[202],"Homeostatic":[203],"Model":[204],"Assessment":[205],"Insulin":[207],"Resistance":[208],"(p=0.028)":[209],"C-reactive":[211],"protein":[212],"(P<0.001),":[213],"while":[214],"increasing":[215],"high-density":[216],"lipoprotein":[217],"(p=":[218],"0.003).":[219],"However,":[220,258],"did":[223],"not":[224],"affect":[226],"total":[227],"cholesterol,":[228],"low-density":[229],"lipoprotein,":[230],"systolic":[231],"diastolic":[233],"malondialdehyde.":[237],"CONCLUSIONS:":[238],"Overall,":[239],"demonstrated":[242],"may":[246],"improve":[247],"several":[248],"further":[259],"long-term":[262],"interventions":[263],"diverse":[265],"dosages":[266],"required.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2026-08-13T00:00:00"}