{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202277953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450","title":"Mapping High-Altitude Socio-Ecological Assets: Carbon Storage and Habitat Provision Dynamics in the P\u00e1ramo of Cajas National Park, Ecuador","display_name":"Mapping High-Altitude Socio-Ecological Assets: Carbon Storage and Habitat Provision Dynamics in the P\u00e1ramo of Cajas National Park, Ecuador","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202277953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/land15081450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075128711","display_name":"Diego E. Portalanza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-0741","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-0741"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33501960","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Maria","ror":"https://ror.org/01b78mz79","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33501960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152652","display_name":"Universidad Agraria del Ecuador","ror":"https://ror.org/03z4qet58","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256767","display_name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Superior ARGOS","ror":"https://ror.org/04gz78964","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256767"]}],"countries":["BR","EC"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Diego Portalanza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate Research Group, Department of Physics, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, Santa Maria 1000, RS, Brazil","Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador","Instituto Superior Tecnol\u00f3gico Argos, Guayaquil 090602, Guayas, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-0741","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate Research Group, Department of Physics, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, Santa Maria 1000, RS, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33501960"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior Tecnol\u00f3gico Argos, Guayaquil 090602, Guayas, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256767"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029279636","display_name":"Yoansy Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-3956","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-3956"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152652","display_name":"Universidad Agraria del Ecuador","ror":"https://ror.org/03z4qet58","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yoansy Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-3956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146989106","display_name":"Klever A. Cevallos-Valdez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152652","display_name":"Universidad Agraria del Ecuador","ror":"https://ror.org/03z4qet58","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klever A. Cevallos-Valdez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062300544","display_name":"Javier Del Cioppo-Morstadt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5689-5884","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5689-5884"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152652","display_name":"Universidad Agraria del Ecuador","ror":"https://ror.org/03z4qet58","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Del-Cioppo Morstadt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Econom\u00eda Agr\u00edcola, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5689-5884","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Econom\u00eda Agr\u00edcola, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005734385","display_name":"Carlos Ortega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8313-7449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8313-7449"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152652","display_name":"Universidad Agraria del Ecuador","ror":"https://ror.org/03z4qet58","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Ortega","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050141676","display_name":"Fanny del Roc\u00edo Rodriguez Jarama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-9849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-9849"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152652","display_name":"Universidad Agraria del Ecuador","ror":"https://ror.org/03z4qet58","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanny Rodriguez-Jarama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-9849","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil 090104, Guayas, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152652"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029279636","https://openalex.org/A5075128711"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33501960","https://openalex.org/I4210152652","https://openalex.org/I4405256767"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"8","first_page":"1450","last_page":"1450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10319","display_name":"Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14391","display_name":"Forest, Soil, and Plant Ecology in China","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/andean-paramo","display_name":"Andean p\u00e1ramo","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cajas-national-park","display_name":"Cajas National Park","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-storage","display_name":"carbon storage","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aboveground-biomass","display_name":"aboveground biomass","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-organic-carbon","display_name":"soil organic carbon","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-suitability","display_name":"habitat suitability","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-services","display_name":"ecosystem services","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation-gradient","display_name":"elevation gradient","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volcanic-ash-soil","display_name":"volcanic ash soil","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-ecosystem-services","display_name":"cultural ecosystem services","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservation-planning","display_name":"conservation planning","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-zoning","display_name":"land use zoning","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-vulnerability","display_name":"climate change vulnerability","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58941895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295865","display_name":"Ecosystem services","level":3,"score":0.7024999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.567300021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.5223000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780993040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46169","display_name":"National park","level":2,"score":0.5034999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5023999810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776677640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186723","display_name":"Critical habitat","level":4,"score":0.43860000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4092000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22884784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15305550","display_name":"Carbon sequestration","level":3,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781420532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140182","display_name":"Carbon accounting","level":3,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146481406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105131","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","level":2,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186027771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008379","display_name":"Valuation (finance)","level":2,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778068638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6485081","display_name":"Landscape connectivity","level":4,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162012527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540268","display_name":"Natural capital","level":4,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6330744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3481436","display_name":"Habitat conservation","level":3,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509746633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898653","display_name":"Climate change mitigation","level":3,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115343472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Global warming","level":3,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/land15081450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9b1bfcf41b3348848873264fc8a05937","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9b1bfcf41b3348848873264fc8a05937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Land, Vol 15, Iss 8, p 1450 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/land15081450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":1.0,"display_name":"Climate action"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":1.0,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2725015415","https://openalex.org/W2952772438","https://openalex.org/W2965637707","https://openalex.org/W3047317383","https://openalex.org/W3112689815","https://openalex.org/W3152932261","https://openalex.org/W3178944351","https://openalex.org/W4210267874","https://openalex.org/W4210735208","https://openalex.org/W4213002990","https://openalex.org/W4214937521","https://openalex.org/W4224993593","https://openalex.org/W4229078625","https://openalex.org/W4288052030","https://openalex.org/W4293801840","https://openalex.org/W4306879454","https://openalex.org/W4307395116","https://openalex.org/W4308566832","https://openalex.org/W4308788558","https://openalex.org/W4311092743","https://openalex.org/W4313404476","https://openalex.org/W4320729808","https://openalex.org/W4362736781","https://openalex.org/W4378231668","https://openalex.org/W4385308828","https://openalex.org/W4389777609","https://openalex.org/W4389855435","https://openalex.org/W4392623152","https://openalex.org/W4393937938","https://openalex.org/W4396789071","https://openalex.org/W4396977889","https://openalex.org/W4404420205","https://openalex.org/W4410042187","https://openalex.org/W4413028748","https://openalex.org/W4413856730","https://openalex.org/W4415569932","https://openalex.org/W7126233753","https://openalex.org/W7128167952","https://openalex.org/W7130645608","https://openalex.org/W7163285186"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2259725431","https://openalex.org/W3181547396","https://openalex.org/W3127209146","https://openalex.org/W6983498237","https://openalex.org/W2909488777","https://openalex.org/W6987775078","https://openalex.org/W2582275763","https://openalex.org/W6917463300","https://openalex.org/W7044897455","https://openalex.org/W4410061122"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High-altitude":[0],"Andean":[1],"p\u00e1ramo":[2],"ecosystems":[3],"are":[4],"critical":[5,183],"socio-ecological":[6,73],"assets":[7],"that":[8,31,199],"provide":[9],"key":[10],"regulating":[11],"and":[12,23,38,46,49,53,119,132,149,192,219,228,247,255],"supporting":[13],"services,":[14],"yet":[15],"they":[16],"remain":[17],"highly":[18,180],"vulnerable":[19,260],"to":[20,144,222,250],"climate":[21,121],"change":[22],"anthropogenic":[24],"pressures.":[25],"Understanding":[26],"these":[27],"services":[28,221],"requires":[29],"frameworks":[30],"integrate":[32],"biophysical":[33],"capacity":[34],"with":[35,97,134,164,182,240],"social":[36],"valuation":[37],"demographic":[39,135],"accessibility.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"study,":[43],"we":[44],"mapped":[45],"assessed":[47],"belowground":[48],"aboveground":[50,98],"carbon":[51,94,153],"storage":[52],"species":[54],"habitat":[55],"provision":[56,102],"across":[57],"the":[58,169,174,188,200,204,207,223,233,241],"altitudinal":[59],"gradient":[60],"(3160\u20134400":[61],"m.a.s.l.)":[62],"of":[63,173,203,210,226,235],"Cajas":[64],"National":[65],"Park":[66],"(PNC),":[67],"Ecuador,":[68],"using":[69],"a":[70,106,128,245],"spatially":[71],"explicit":[72],"approach.":[74],"Carbon":[75],"stocks":[76,96,154],"were":[77,125,157],"modeled":[78,104],"following":[79],"The":[80],"Intergovernmental":[81],"Panel":[82],"on":[83],"Climate":[84],"Change":[85],"(IPCC)":[86],"2019":[87],"Refined":[88],"Guidelines,":[89],"combining":[90],"reference":[91],"soil":[92],"organic":[93],"(SOC)":[95],"biomass":[99],"coefficients.":[100],"Habitat":[101,177],"was":[103,179],"through":[105],"multi-factor":[107],"suitability":[108,178],"index":[109],"integrating":[110,236],"Normalized":[111],"Difference":[112],"Vegetation":[113],"Index":[114],"(NDVI),":[115],"elevation,":[116],"water":[117,217],"bodies,":[118],"interpolated":[120],"surfaces.":[122],"Biophysical":[123],"supplies":[124],"weighted":[126],"via":[127],"Delphi-based":[129],"expert":[130],"consultation":[131],"integrated":[133],"census":[136],"data":[137],"(173,672":[138],"inhabitants":[139],"in":[140,155,259],"four":[141],"adjacent":[142],"parishes)":[143],"estimate":[145],"actual":[146],"service":[147],"capture":[148],"effective":[150,211],"benefits.":[151],"Total":[152],"PNC":[156],"estimated":[158],"at":[159],"1.49":[160],"million":[161],"Mg":[162],"C,":[163],"volcanic":[165],"Andisols":[166],"acting":[167],"as":[168],"primary":[170],"reservoir":[171],"(97.5%":[172],"total":[175],"stock).":[176],"heterogeneous,":[181],"refuge":[184],"patches":[185],"clustered":[186],"around":[187],"park\u2019s":[189],"lacustric":[190],"network":[191],"stable":[193],"microclimatic":[194],"zones.":[195],"Socio-ecological":[196],"mapping":[197],"revealed":[198],"eastern":[201],"boundary":[202],"park":[205],"represents":[206],"highest":[208],"hotspot":[209],"benefit":[212],"capture,":[213],"directly":[214],"supplying":[215],"vital":[216],"regulation":[218],"cultural":[220],"peri-urban":[224],"populations":[225],"Sayaus\u00ed":[227],"Ba\u00f1os.":[229],"These":[230],"results":[231],"demonstrate":[232],"utility":[234],"standard":[237],"IPCC":[238],"guidelines":[239],"ECOSER":[242],"protocol,":[243],"offering":[244],"repeatable":[246],"transparent":[248],"framework":[249],"guide":[251],"spatial":[252],"conservation":[253],"planning":[254],"sustainable":[256],"land-use":[257],"zoning":[258],"high-altitude":[261],"protected":[262],"areas.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-08-13T00:00:00"}