{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202272040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","title":"Local fluidization of an active cytoplasmic gel partitions large cells","display_name":"Local fluidization of an active cytoplasmic gel partitions large cells","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202272040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42845535","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13640693"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053335155","display_name":"Luolan Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8395-0379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8395-0379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luolan Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8395-0379","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054268976","display_name":"Christine M. Field","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6433-7804","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6433-7804"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine M. Field","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073623657","display_name":"Ai Kiyomitsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1281-6520","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1281-6520"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142637625","display_name":"Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qg15b79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142637625"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ai Kiyomitsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142637625"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069669771","display_name":"Yunyi Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2779-6507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2779-6507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunyi Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012813033","display_name":"Natalia D. Orlovsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-5851","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-5851"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalia D. Orlovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064426475","display_name":"Tomomi Kiyomitsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-4611","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-4611"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142637625","display_name":"Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qg15b79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142637625"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomomi Kiyomitsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-4611","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142637625"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111426481","display_name":"Timothy J. Mitchison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Timothy J. Mitchison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111426481"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10492","display_name":"Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","score":0.5835000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10492","display_name":"Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","score":0.5835000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10379","display_name":"Cellular Mechanics and Interactions","score":0.40869998931884766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10604","display_name":"RNA Research and Splicing","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryonic-cleavage","display_name":"embryo cleavage","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actomyosin","display_name":"actomyosin","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myosin-ii-contractility","display_name":"myosin II contractility","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aurora-b-kinase","display_name":"Aurora B kinase","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microtubule-asters","display_name":"microtubule asters","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracellular-transport","display_name":"intracellular transport","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xenopus-egg-extracts","display_name":"Xenopus egg extracts","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medaka-embryos","display_name":"medaka embryos","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-stress","display_name":"active stress","score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytoplasmic-flow","display_name":"cytoplasmic flow","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organelle-distribution","display_name":"organelle distribution","score":0.45899999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190062978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79899","display_name":"Cytoplasm","level":2,"score":0.8276000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20418707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189933","display_name":"Microtubule","level":2,"score":0.6718000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779535977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1342298","display_name":"Xenopus","level":3,"score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93304396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14763008","display_name":"Mitosis","level":2,"score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194832619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1002145","display_name":"Fluidization","level":3,"score":0.4657999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45472230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1447198","display_name":"Cytokinesis","level":4,"score":0.4593000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10447061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190769","display_name":"Centrosome","level":4,"score":0.4219000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175156509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990218","display_name":"Cleavage (geology)","level":3,"score":0.4122999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.40070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85813293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188909","display_name":"Cell division","level":3,"score":0.3750999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93126451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2383767","display_name":"Motor protein","level":3,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168240541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45948","display_name":"Organelle","level":2,"score":0.34470000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59006786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15319390","display_name":"Kinesin","level":3,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105480513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6731630","display_name":"Magnetic tweezers","level":3,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160408235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423905","display_name":"Molecular motor","level":2,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204795200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903282","display_name":"Symmetry breaking","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779012151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26998028","display_name":"Cytochalasin B","level":3,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120691718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2477534","display_name":"Cytoplasmic streaming","level":3,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779408652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7643415","display_name":"Superhelix","level":5,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777361361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1112585","display_name":"Polarity (international relations)","level":3,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918594","display_name":"Spindle apparatus","level":4,"score":0.25949999690055847}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13640693","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13640693/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13640693/pdf/nihpp-2026.08.11.744254v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42845535","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42845535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.11.744254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000899725","display_name":"Cell and Chemical Biology of Microtubules","funder_award_id":"R35GM131753","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202272040.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202272040.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W935855719","https://openalex.org/W1801796326","https://openalex.org/W1974708640","https://openalex.org/W1975022818","https://openalex.org/W1976944340","https://openalex.org/W1998287390","https://openalex.org/W2030104183","https://openalex.org/W2031818488","https://openalex.org/W2042981624","https://openalex.org/W2046963960","https://openalex.org/W2048141009","https://openalex.org/W2052744662","https://openalex.org/W2059190326","https://openalex.org/W2078768877","https://openalex.org/W2079137734","https://openalex.org/W2080971404","https://openalex.org/W2106824639","https://openalex.org/W2109461200","https://openalex.org/W2111534509","https://openalex.org/W2117071258","https://openalex.org/W2121405186","https://openalex.org/W2133660324","https://openalex.org/W2134434721","https://openalex.org/W2166245930","https://openalex.org/W2166601921","https://openalex.org/W2167279371","https://openalex.org/W2266510521","https://openalex.org/W2330649502","https://openalex.org/W2357503833","https://openalex.org/W2518735686","https://openalex.org/W2606338817","https://openalex.org/W2612527983","https://openalex.org/W2750371861","https://openalex.org/W2765387868","https://openalex.org/W2791686894","https://openalex.org/W2883592521","https://openalex.org/W2893510505","https://openalex.org/W2944567014","https://openalex.org/W2949743543","https://openalex.org/W2950311991","https://openalex.org/W2982440214","https://openalex.org/W3035134858","https://openalex.org/W3110775452","https://openalex.org/W3112872934","https://openalex.org/W3172557238","https://openalex.org/W3207483845","https://openalex.org/W4220976251","https://openalex.org/W4281665512","https://openalex.org/W4290260729","https://openalex.org/W4318981552","https://openalex.org/W4388742087","https://openalex.org/W4391428589","https://openalex.org/W4401793515","https://openalex.org/W4407040256","https://openalex.org/W4410706096","https://openalex.org/W4413641183","https://openalex.org/W7118822712","https://openalex.org/W7125911037","https://openalex.org/W7149029828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2949743543","https://openalex.org/W7133584537","https://openalex.org/W3120471442","https://openalex.org/W3112872934","https://openalex.org/W7117122048","https://openalex.org/W2790048502","https://openalex.org/W3036324731","https://openalex.org/W2093026332","https://openalex.org/W2014671244","https://openalex.org/W2209111398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Early":[1],"animal":[2],"embryos":[3],"undergo":[4],"rapid":[5],"cleavages":[6],"that":[7,69,117,131,197],"partition":[8],"cytoplasmic":[9,60,154],"volumes":[10],"orders":[11],"of":[12,17,39,59,95,136,174,178],"magnitude":[13],"larger":[14],"than":[15],"those":[16],"somatic":[18],"cells":[19],"1":[20],".":[21,42],"Each":[22],"division":[23],"must":[24],"reposition":[25],"nuclei":[26,124],"and":[27,29,112,125,166,188],"centrosomes":[28,126],"distribute":[30],"organelles":[31],"within":[32],"minutes,":[33],"over":[34,134],"distances":[35],"up":[36],"to":[37,85],"hundreds":[38,135],"micrometers":[40],"2":[41],"Cleavage":[43],"furrows":[44],"are":[45],"positioned":[46],"by":[47],"microtubule":[48,121],"asters":[49],"3,4":[50],",":[51],"but":[52],"the":[53,80,162,175,193],"mechanical":[54,89],"mechanism":[55],"for":[56,161],"long-range":[57,185],"transport":[58,187],"components":[61,97],"before":[62],"cytokinesis":[63],"was":[64],"unknown.":[65],"Here,":[66],"we":[67,115],"show":[68],"cytoplasm":[70,179,200],"behaves":[71],"as":[72,98,192,201],"a":[73,87,99,128,144,202],"locally":[74,145],"switchable":[75],"active":[76,194],"material.":[77,101],"Fluidization":[78],"at":[79],"midplane":[81],"allows":[82],"bulk":[83,190],"actomyosin":[84,191],"convert":[86],"local":[88,172],"asymmetry":[90],"into":[91,127,184],"directed":[92],"global":[93],"flows":[94],"all":[96],"composite":[100,130,203],"Using":[102],"an":[103],"actin-intact":[104],"cycling":[105],"Xenopus":[106,111],"egg":[107],"extract":[108],"together":[109],"with":[110],"medaka":[113],"embryos,":[114],"find":[116],"F-actin":[118],"mechanically":[119],"couples":[120],"asters,":[122],"organelles,":[123],"gel-like":[129],"propagates":[132],"forces":[133],"micrometers.":[137],"After":[138],"mitosis,":[139],"Aurora":[140],"B":[141],"kinase":[142],"patterns":[143],"fluidized":[146],"midplane,":[147],"from":[148],"which":[149],"myosin-II":[150],"contractility":[151],"drives":[152],"coherent":[153],"flows.":[155],"A":[156],"fluid":[157],"dynamics":[158],"model":[159],"accounts":[160],"observed":[163],"flow":[164],"geometry":[165],"rates.":[167],"Our":[168],"results":[169],"reveal":[170],"how":[171],"control":[173],"material":[176],"state":[177],"converts":[180],"mitotic":[181],"symmetry":[182],"breaking":[183],"intracellular":[186],"identify":[189],"stress":[195],"generator":[196],"partitions":[198],"embryonic":[199],"gel.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-08-13T00:00:00"}
