{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202253191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","title":"Digital Literacy Moderates the Relationship Between Technology Access and Examination Anxiety in Pioneer Nursing Students","display_name":"Digital Literacy Moderates the Relationship Between Technology Access and Examination Anxiety in Pioneer Nursing Students","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202253191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","pdf_url":"http://article.sciencepg.com/pdf/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394708363","display_name":"American Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences","issn_l":"2994-7227","issn":["2994-7227"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319272","host_organization_name":"Science Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://article.sciencepg.com/pdf/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130267564","display_name":"Ibrahim Ashafura Musa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9653-6357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9653-6357"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Musa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Abdulrashid Dankoli College of Nursing Sciences, Kaduna, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9653-6357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Abdulrashid Dankoli College of Nursing Sciences, Kaduna, Nigeria","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072352188","display_name":"Abubakar Kabir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405269067","display_name":"Energy Commission of Nigeria","ror":"https://ror.org/0300fxh89","country_code":"NG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801477186","https://openalex.org/I4405269067"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abubakar Kabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Abdulrashid Dankoli College of Nursing Sciences, Kaduna, Nigeria; Department of Nuclear Physics, Energy Commission of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Abdulrashid Dankoli College of Nursing Sciences, Kaduna, Nigeria; Department of Nuclear Physics, Energy Commission of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405269067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129834740","display_name":"Lawal Yasir Ladan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawali Ladan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Abdulrashid Dankoli College of Nursing Sciences, Kaduna, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Abdulrashid Dankoli College of Nursing Sciences, Kaduna, Nigeria","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141191614","display_name":"Aisha Isah Muhammed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aisha Muhammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Operations Department, Police Health Maintenance Limited, Kaduna, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Operations Department, Police Health Maintenance Limited, Kaduna, Nigeria","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130267564"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"40","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.382099986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.382099986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12338","display_name":"Digital literacy in education","score":0.29350000619888306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.11460000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-literacy","display_name":"digital literacy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-technology","display_name":"access to technology","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-anxiety","display_name":"test anxiety","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing-students","display_name":"nursing students","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grade-point-average","display_name":"grade point average","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-divide","display_name":"digital divide","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-skills-training","display_name":"digital skills training","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.40799999237060547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777646416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242069","display_name":"Digital literacy","level":2,"score":0.6970999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.6672999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.6370999813079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5748999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.4896000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781275859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426787","display_name":"Test anxiety","level":3,"score":0.47519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.46230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.43549999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192531217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595868","display_name":"Computer literacy","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778132726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096872","display_name":"Digital Revolution","level":2,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24614281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17086331","display_name":"Moderated mediation","level":2,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113616995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13378080","display_name":"Nurse education","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","pdf_url":"http://article.sciencepg.com/pdf/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394708363","display_name":"American Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences","issn_l":"2994-7227","issn":["2994-7227"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319272","host_organization_name":"Science Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","pdf_url":"http://article.sciencepg.com/pdf/j.ajnhs.20260703.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394708363","display_name":"American Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences","issn_l":"2994-7227","issn":["2994-7227"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319272","host_organization_name":"Science Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5676000118255615}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202253191.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202253191.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W2004873925","https://openalex.org/W2028874789","https://openalex.org/W2162437324","https://openalex.org/W2604843036","https://openalex.org/W2705205771","https://openalex.org/W2892254122","https://openalex.org/W3094898566","https://openalex.org/W3156785613","https://openalex.org/W3180103480","https://openalex.org/W4213090748","https://openalex.org/W4313621715","https://openalex.org/W4381849697","https://openalex.org/W4388133050","https://openalex.org/W4410527909","https://openalex.org/W4414125836","https://openalex.org/W7117779227","https://openalex.org/W7139138067","https://openalex.org/W7160327341","https://openalex.org/W7164031696"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7170164419","https://openalex.org/W7160333412","https://openalex.org/W4296350036","https://openalex.org/W4315489776","https://openalex.org/W4385779718","https://openalex.org/W7161715523","https://openalex.org/W7128354739","https://openalex.org/W4409973004","https://openalex.org/W7218272943","https://openalex.org/W7162755096"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,204],"integration":[1],"of":[2,30,98,207,254,273,276],"digital":[3,31,50,222,239,248,264,307],"technologies":[4],"into":[5],"nursing":[6,25,64,88,99],"education":[7],"has":[8],"exposed":[9],"and":[10,40,58,73,119,129,177,266],"amplified":[11],"existing":[12],"inequalities,":[13],"particularly":[14],"in":[15,24,33,66,101,287],"resource-constrained":[16],"settings.":[17],"Test":[18,113],"anxiety":[19,42,60,155,170,195,214],"is":[20],"a":[21,94,147,274,297],"significant":[22,150,216],"barrier":[23],"education.":[26],"However,":[27],"the":[28,35,53,108,192,251],"role":[29],"literacy":[32,51,163,189,223,240,249,265],"moderating":[34],"relationship":[36,54,196],"between":[37,55,71],"technology":[38,56,116,193,208,256,301],"access":[39,57,117,145,209,257,268,280,302],"examination":[41],"remains":[43],"poorly":[44],"understood.":[45],"This":[46],"study":[47],"examined":[48],"whether":[49],"moderates":[52],"test":[59,154,169,213,259],"among":[61],"first-cohort":[62],"(\"pioneer\")":[63],"students":[65,89,219,234],"Nigeria.":[67,103],"Data":[68,104],"were":[69,105,133],"collected":[70,106],"May":[72],"June":[74],"2026.":[75],"A":[76],"cross-sectional":[77],"correlational":[78],"design":[79],"was":[80,164,215,281,289],"employed":[81],"with":[82,138,153,168,180,220,258,262,283,291,310],"49":[83],"pioneer":[84],"National":[85],"Diploma":[86],"I":[87],"(98%":[90],"response":[91],"rate)":[92],"at":[93,270],"newly":[95],"established":[96],"college":[97,126],"sciences":[100],"Kaduna,":[102],"using":[107,135],"Digital":[109,162,188],"Literacy":[110],"Scale,":[111,115],"Westside":[112],"Anxiety":[114],"measures,":[118],"objective":[120],"grade":[121],"point":[122],"average":[123],"(GPA)":[124],"from":[125],"records.":[127],"Moderation":[128],"moderated":[130,191],"mediation":[131],"analyses":[132],"conducted":[134],"PROCESS":[136],"macro":[137],"bootstrap":[139],"confidence":[140],"intervals":[141],"(5000":[142],"resamples).":[143],"Technology":[144],"demonstrated":[146],"moderate,":[148],"statistically":[149],"negative":[151,252,277],"correlation":[152],"(r":[156,171,182],"=":[157,172,183,199,202,226],"-0.31,":[158],"p":[159,174,185,201],"<":[160,175,186],"0.05).":[161],"significantly":[165,190],"negatively":[166],"correlated":[167,179],"-0.38,":[173],"0.01)":[176],"positively":[178],"GPA":[181,211],"0.35,":[184],"0.01).":[187],"access-test":[194],"(interaction":[197],"\u03b2":[198],"-0.28,":[200],"0.022).":[203],"indirect":[205],"effect":[206,225],"on":[210,238],"through":[212],"only":[217],"for":[218,313],"low":[221,263],"(indirect":[224],"-0.16,":[227],"95%":[228],"CI:":[229],"-0.32":[230],"to":[231],"-0.05).":[232],"Rural":[233],"scored":[235],"36%":[236],"lower":[237,292],"than":[241],"urban":[242],"students.":[243,315],"These":[244],"findings":[245],"indicate":[246],"that":[247],"buffers":[250],"associations":[253],"limited":[255,267,279],"anxiety.":[260],"Students":[261],"are":[269],"greatest":[271],"risk":[272],"cascade":[275],"outcomes:":[278],"associated":[282,290],"higher":[284],"anxiety,":[285],"which":[286],"turn":[288],"GPA.":[293],"Institutions":[294],"should":[295],"implement":[296],"dual":[298],"approach:":[299],"improving":[300],"while":[303],"simultaneously":[304],"providing":[305],"foundational":[306],"skills":[308],"training,":[309],"targeted":[311],"support":[312],"rural":[314]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2026-08-13T00:00:00"}