{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202243222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","title":"Subjective aging and psychological well-being in older adults: a narrative review and multilevel framework integrating perceptual, behavioral, and sociocultural pathways","display_name":"Subjective aging and psychological well-being in older adults: a narrative review and multilevel framework integrating perceptual, behavioral, and sociocultural pathways","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202243222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42656677","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13506854"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146980193","display_name":"Siyao Song","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyao Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061711113","display_name":"\u8d3e\u94e0\u9633","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaiyang Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146963128","display_name":"Bowen Hou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bowen Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5146963128"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42857143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1911901","last_page":"1911901"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12811","display_name":"Aging, Health, and Disability","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10475","display_name":"Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subjective-aging","display_name":"subjective aging","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-well-being","display_name":"psychological well-being","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-stereotypes","display_name":"age stereotypes","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotype-threat","display_name":"stereotype threat","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning-making","display_name":"meaning-making","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-representation","display_name":"self-representation","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ageism","display_name":"ageism","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-norms","display_name":"cultural norms","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intergenerational-relations","display_name":"intergenerational relations","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socio-economic-conditions","display_name":"socioeconomic conditions","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-behavior","display_name":"health behavior","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-engagement","display_name":"social engagement","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-satisfaction","display_name":"life satisfaction","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loneliness","display_name":"loneliness","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survival","display_name":"survival","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilevel-framework","display_name":"multi-level framework","score":0.7960000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8314999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196187386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050187","display_name":"Sociocultural evolution","level":2,"score":0.728600025177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168127410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754331","display_name":"Stereotype (UML)","level":2,"score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.4900999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.4853000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13774568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q439112","display_name":"Population ageing","level":3,"score":0.365200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.36489999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129484327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177603","display_name":"Social perception","level":3,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020031316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6817452","display_name":"Psychological distress","level":3,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86658582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432778","display_name":"Social cognition","level":3,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46363204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7170571","display_name":"Personal distress","level":3,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778087770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297111","display_name":"Social support","level":2,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1691868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1811049","display_name":"Life course approach","level":2,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117893075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6966213","display_name":"Narrative inquiry","level":3,"score":0.31439998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778175527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332154","display_name":"Successful aging","level":2,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019858935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340209","display_name":"Depressive symptoms","level":3,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178233286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645999","display_name":"Social comparison theory","level":2,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776845425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q813952","display_name":"Stereotype threat","level":2,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776420229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981051","display_name":"Well-being","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188255311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256388","display_name":"Psychological research","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197253505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256391","display_name":"Psychological well-being","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78491826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045352","display_name":"Social determinants of health","level":3,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910200283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychological Theory","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110379092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571836","display_name":"Social environment","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42656677","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42656677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13506854","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42656677/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Psychol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1911901/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202243222.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202243222.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513005590","https://openalex.org/W1962764039","https://openalex.org/W1964923665","https://openalex.org/W1966603703","https://openalex.org/W1980101263","https://openalex.org/W1981018100","https://openalex.org/W1983899476","https://openalex.org/W2009524773","https://openalex.org/W2027244367","https://openalex.org/W2056037074","https://openalex.org/W2071186754","https://openalex.org/W2074610734","https://openalex.org/W2079478961","https://openalex.org/W2082817731","https://openalex.org/W2103949442","https://openalex.org/W2109807760","https://openalex.org/W2118280319","https://openalex.org/W2120518326","https://openalex.org/W2130407569","https://openalex.org/W2135156671","https://openalex.org/W2135485953","https://openalex.org/W2151262602","https://openalex.org/W2157369799","https://openalex.org/W2165243546","https://openalex.org/W2165850958","https://openalex.org/W2191732090","https://openalex.org/W2253388843","https://openalex.org/W2314250180","https://openalex.org/W2340346722","https://openalex.org/W2501852513","https://openalex.org/W2526582061","https://openalex.org/W2560575184","https://openalex.org/W2575548340","https://openalex.org/W2755890239","https://openalex.org/W2790996220","https://openalex.org/W2791781021","https://openalex.org/W2803920164","https://openalex.org/W2807689520","https://openalex.org/W2885666456","https://openalex.org/W3000728195","https://openalex.org/W3021857609","https://openalex.org/W3092808336","https://openalex.org/W3093941600","https://openalex.org/W3119119889","https://openalex.org/W3151499541","https://openalex.org/W3156751109","https://openalex.org/W3184281524","https://openalex.org/W4205692024","https://openalex.org/W4214480005","https://openalex.org/W4223519312","https://openalex.org/W4232387401","https://openalex.org/W4233188495","https://openalex.org/W4284978251","https://openalex.org/W4293179363","https://openalex.org/W4301671022","https://openalex.org/W4317513136","https://openalex.org/W4361001300","https://openalex.org/W4389502851","https://openalex.org/W4391603054","https://openalex.org/W4400037968","https://openalex.org/W4400735318","https://openalex.org/W4403251318","https://openalex.org/W4405584882","https://openalex.org/W4411069224","https://openalex.org/W4411192769","https://openalex.org/W4411219594","https://openalex.org/W4411394613","https://openalex.org/W4411918244","https://openalex.org/W4411981212","https://openalex.org/W4412134700","https://openalex.org/W4413636901","https://openalex.org/W4414630013","https://openalex.org/W4414866979","https://openalex.org/W4415328048","https://openalex.org/W4415977631","https://openalex.org/W4416226495","https://openalex.org/W4416598528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4398140214","https://openalex.org/W2898598018","https://openalex.org/W2138945665","https://openalex.org/W7097112947","https://openalex.org/W6906707403","https://openalex.org/W3180798368","https://openalex.org/W4406730533","https://openalex.org/W4405966879","https://openalex.org/W2326044439","https://openalex.org/W2148016675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,6],"global":[2],"population":[3],"ages,":[4],"understanding":[5],"psychological":[7,42,87,174],"determinants":[8],"of":[9,24,39,60,114,118,151],"well-being":[10],"in":[11],"later":[12],"life":[13,163],"has":[14],"become":[15],"an":[16],"important":[17],"public":[18],"health":[19,52,122],"priority.":[20],"A":[21],"growing":[22],"body":[23],"evidence":[25],"suggests":[26],"that":[27,148],"how":[28],"older":[29],"adults":[30],"experience,":[31],"interpret,":[32],"and":[33,54,63,71,77,104,116,126,129,140,153,167,176,183],"evaluate":[34],"their":[35],"own":[36],"aging-the":[37],"domain":[38],"subjective":[40,75,83,144],"aging-shapes":[41],"well-being.":[43,88],"However,":[44],"this":[45],"literature":[46,73],"remains":[47],"fragmented":[48],"across":[49],"social":[50,124,177],"gerontology,":[51],"psychology,":[53,56],"cultural":[55,136],"with":[57,158],"limited":[58],"integration":[59],"perceptual,":[61],"behavioral,":[62],"sociocultural":[64,131],"mechanisms.":[65],"This":[66],"narrative":[67],"review":[68],"synthesizes":[69],"recent":[70],"foundational":[72],"on":[74],"aging":[76,84,115,152],"proposes":[78],"a":[79,95,107,130],"multilevel":[80],"framework":[81,90],"linking":[82],"constructs":[85],"to":[86],"The":[89],"identifies":[91],"three":[92],"interacting":[93],"pathways:":[94],"perceptual":[96],"pathway":[97,109,132],"involving":[98],"stereotype":[99,101],"embodiment,":[100],"threat,":[102],"meaning-making,":[103],"age-related":[105,119],"self-representations;":[106],"behavioral":[108],"through":[110,133],"which":[111,134],"evaluative":[112],"self-perceptions":[113,150],"awareness":[117],"change":[120],"influence":[121],"behaviors,":[123],"engagement,":[125],"goal-directed":[127],"action;":[128],"ageism,":[135],"norms,":[137],"intergenerational":[138],"relations,":[139],"socioeconomic":[141],"conditions":[142],"shape":[143],"aging.":[145],"Evidence":[146],"indicates":[147],"positive":[149],"related":[154],"appraisals":[155,172],"are":[156,186],"associated":[157],"lower":[159],"depressive":[160],"symptoms,":[161],"greater":[162],"satisfaction,":[164],"reduced":[165],"loneliness,":[166],"longer":[168],"survival,":[169],"whereas":[170],"negative":[171],"predict":[173],"distress":[175],"withdrawal.":[178],"Implications":[179],"for":[180],"intervention,":[181],"policy,":[182],"future":[184],"research":[185],"discussed.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-08-13T00:00:00"}