{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202215726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","title":"Evaluating the nationwide availability of essential diagnostics for tuberculosis toward achieving a TB-free India","display_name":"Evaluating the nationwide availability of essential diagnostics for tuberculosis toward achieving a TB-free India","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202215726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42578696","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13532310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764766708","display_name":"Microbiology Spectrum","issn_l":"2165-0497","issn":["2165-0497"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology Spectrum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101641400","display_name":"Biswajit Chakraborty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8864-7287","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8864-7287"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256689","display_name":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics","ror":"https://ror.org/04eh0c412","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biswajit Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089928919","display_name":"Amaj Ahmed Laskar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5730-7906","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5730-7906"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256689","display_name":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics","ror":"https://ror.org/04eh0c412","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amaj Ahmed Laskar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049970949","display_name":"Zeeshan Mustafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3291-2587","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3291-2587"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256689","display_name":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics","ror":"https://ror.org/04eh0c412","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeeshan Mustafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146563285","display_name":"Vipin Kumar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vipin Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Dr. YSP Government Medical College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Dr. YSP Government Medical College","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108120569","display_name":"Rinki Kumar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799503643","display_name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01esghr10","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256689","display_name":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics","ror":"https://ror.org/04eh0c412","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rinki Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Advanced Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center","Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Advanced Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074829013","display_name":"Kajal Arora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6482-5015","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6482-5015"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155125381","display_name":"Galgotias University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ba206","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155125381"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kajal Arora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paramedical & Allied Health Sciences, School of Medical & Allied Science, Galgotias University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paramedical & Allied Health Sciences, School of Medical & Allied Science, Galgotias University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155125381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053386728","display_name":"Anjam Hussain Barbhuiya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1166-7324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1166-7324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260027","display_name":"Goalpara College","ror":"https://ror.org/033a7pe30","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260027"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anjam Hussain Barbhuiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, Goalpara College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, Goalpara College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260027"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146532322","display_name":"Afnan Anowar Hussain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260027","display_name":"Goalpara College","ror":"https://ror.org/033a7pe30","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260027"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afnan Anowar Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, Goalpara College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, Goalpara College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260027"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114202674","display_name":"A Parvin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260027","display_name":"Goalpara College","ror":"https://ror.org/033a7pe30","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260027"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashrafun Parvin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, Goalpara College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, Goalpara College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260027"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047977647","display_name":"Leichombam Mohindro Singh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129117","display_name":"Institute of Bio-Resources and Sustainable Development","ror":"https://ror.org/03561p598","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I3141573830","https://openalex.org/I4210129117","https://openalex.org/I4210134808"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leichombam Mohindro Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129117"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119014039","display_name":"Kanu Shil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49068896","display_name":"Assam Down Town University","ror":"https://ror.org/039p5s648","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49068896"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanu Shil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Assam Down Town University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Assam Down Town University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49068896"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126564595","display_name":"Sumit Roy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumit Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["District Epidemiologist, Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP), Karimganj, National Health Mission (NHM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"District Epidemiologist, Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP), Karimganj, National Health Mission (NHM)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109622497","display_name":"Anamika Baruah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256689","display_name":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics","ror":"https://ror.org/04eh0c412","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anamika Baruah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017811942","display_name":"Mohammad Azam Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171210897","display_name":"Aligarh Muslim University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw9gc02","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Azam Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Aligarh Muslim University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Aligarh Muslim University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040937658","display_name":"Mustafa Ahmed Barbhuiya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-5064","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-5064"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166722992","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256689","display_name":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics","ror":"https://ror.org/04eh0c412","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa A. Barbhuiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Healthcare Delivery and Population Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School- Baystate Regional Campus","Department of Pathology, UMass Chan Medical School- Baystate Regional Campus","Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-5064","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Healthcare Delivery and Population Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School- Baystate Regional Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, UMass Chan Medical School- Baystate Regional Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Advancement of Essential Diagnostics, Bio-NEST Bio-Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256689"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040937658"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992","https://openalex.org/I4405256689"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56635827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"e0070326","last_page":"e0070326"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-availability","display_name":"diagnostic availability","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis","display_name":"multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-diagnosis","display_name":"molecular diagnosis","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleic-acid-amplification-testing","display_name":"nucleic acid amplification tests","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-elimination","display_name":"tuberculosis elimination","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-health-care-center","display_name":"primary health centers","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.8223000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5131000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4724000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.46779999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780639635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4888238","display_name":"Tuberculosis diagnosis","level":4,"score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4083999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780815959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18390984","display_name":"Monitoring and evaluation","level":2,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46578552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725393","display_name":"Global health","level":3,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152541439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186693","display_name":"Critical appraisal","level":3,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82157600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2671652","display_name":"Diagnostic test","level":2,"score":0.3215999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.2971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777107064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1040214","display_name":"Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis","level":4,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020294253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189184","display_name":"Drug resistant tuberculosis","level":4,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163432668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623543","display_name":"Primary health care","level":3,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019422483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1646605","display_name":"Member states","level":3,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776361769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q821775","display_name":"Public health surveillance","level":3,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47344431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519812","display_name":"Health policy","level":3,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000995","descriptor_name":"Antitubercular Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000995","descriptor_name":"Antitubercular Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007194","descriptor_name":"India","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008826","descriptor_name":"Microbial Sensitivity Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018088","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025202","descriptor_name":"Molecular Diagnostic Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764766708","display_name":"Microbiology Spectrum","issn_l":"2165-0497","issn":["2165-0497"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology Spectrum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.5494115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5494115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5494115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:42578696","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42578696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology spectrum","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13532310","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42578696/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiol Spectr","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a9bcefbbe4d4fdaa3e99eb9f6c536af","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a9bcefbbe4d4fdaa3e99eb9f6c536af","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology Spectrum, Vol 14, Iss 9 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00703-26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764766708","display_name":"Microbiology Spectrum","issn_l":"2165-0497","issn":["2165-0497"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology Spectrum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2135358044","https://openalex.org/W2152846959","https://openalex.org/W2560133731","https://openalex.org/W2893632004","https://openalex.org/W2997478739","https://openalex.org/W3204410465","https://openalex.org/W4220676272","https://openalex.org/W4319460674","https://openalex.org/W4362460844","https://openalex.org/W4362523066","https://openalex.org/W4367173992","https://openalex.org/W4367397166","https://openalex.org/W4372338256","https://openalex.org/W4387949512","https://openalex.org/W4390047236","https://openalex.org/W4401316318","https://openalex.org/W4406092311","https://openalex.org/W4408621591","https://openalex.org/W4408622041","https://openalex.org/W4411886932","https://openalex.org/W4416200079"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414645642","https://openalex.org/W3028408134","https://openalex.org/W4323341862","https://openalex.org/W7217764814","https://openalex.org/W7147742522","https://openalex.org/W4406827336","https://openalex.org/W4288072140","https://openalex.org/W4411123958","https://openalex.org/W2945770533","https://openalex.org/W2032814288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"India":[0,119,254,275,320],"continues":[1],"to":[2,77,111,160,177,211,227],"face":[3],"a":[4,27,66,178,292,301],"high":[5,179],"tuberculosis":[6,151,251,266],"(TB)":[7,252],"burden,":[8],"as":[9,164,194],"reaffirmed":[10],"by":[11,255,286],"the":[12,24,31,41,82,117,121,136,144,247,259,262,271,279,289,305,311,324],"latest":[13],"World":[14,312],"Health":[15,215,313],"Organization":[16],"(WHO)":[17],"Global":[18],"TB":[19,33,44,107,183,187,208,240,296],"Report.":[20],"This":[21],"trend":[22],"highlights":[23],"need":[25],"for":[26,150,172,310],"critical":[28,226],"appraisal":[29],"of":[30,43,70,93,96,128,146,181,249,261,264,273,282,291,304],"country's":[32],"management":[34,189],"framework.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"study,":[38],"we":[39],"assessed":[40],"distribution":[42],"Treatment":[45,108],"Units":[46,209],"(TUs)":[47],"and":[48,50,58,88,135,190,199,213,235,294,307,326],"Culture":[49],"Drug":[51],"Susceptibility":[52],"Testing":[53],"(CDST)":[54],"laboratories":[55],"across":[56,132],"states":[57,134],"union":[59],"territories":[60],"in":[61,72,86,104,143,152,258,288,319,323],"India.":[62],"The":[63,185,244],"analysis":[64],"revealed":[65,140],"pronounced":[67],"national":[68],"deficit":[69],"61.56%":[71],"CDST":[73],"laboratory":[74],"capacity":[75],"relative":[76],"projected":[78],"diagnostic":[79,297],"needs,":[80],"with":[81,106],"gap":[83,309],"most":[84],"evident":[85],"rural":[87],"geographically":[89],"remote":[90],"regions.":[91],"Lack":[92],"proportional":[94],"availability":[95,263,306],"drug":[97],"susceptibility":[98],"testing":[99],"or":[100],"alternative":[101],"molecular":[102,161],"methods":[103],"conjunction":[105],"Units,":[109],"leading":[110],"non-selective":[112],"antibiotic":[113],"use,":[114],"could":[115],"be":[116],"reason":[118],"has":[120],"highest":[122],"multidrug-resistant":[123],"TB.":[124],"Our":[125,268],"multi-state":[126],"assessment":[127],"327":[129],"healthcare":[130],"facilities":[131],"seven":[133],"National":[137],"Capital":[138],"Region-Delhi":[139],"marked":[141],"deficiencies":[142,220],"implementation":[145],"essential":[147,229,265],"diagnostics":[148,230],"(ED)":[149],"primary-level":[153],"public":[154,327],"health":[155,328],"care":[156,233],"facilities.":[157],"Notably,":[158],"access":[159,308],"diagnostics,":[162],"such":[163,193],"nucleic":[165],"acid":[166],"amplification":[167],"tests":[168],"(NAATs),":[169],"remains":[170],"insufficient":[171],"early":[173],"case":[174],"detection,":[175],"contributing":[176],"proportion":[180],"missed":[182],"cases.":[184],"key":[186],"treatment":[188],"monitoring":[191],"investigations,":[192],"comprehensive":[195,302],"metabolic":[196],"panels":[197],"(CMP)":[198],"complete":[200],"blood":[201],"counts":[202],"(CBC),":[203],"are":[204],"inconsistently":[205],"available":[206],"at":[207],"linked":[210],"Primary":[212],"Community":[214],"Centers.":[216],"Addressing":[217],"these":[218],"systemic":[219],"through":[221],"targeted":[222],"policy":[223],"action":[224],"is":[225,321],"integrating":[228],"into":[231],"routine":[232],"pathways":[234],"ensuring":[236],"an":[237],"accessible,":[238],"high-quality":[239],"elimination":[241],"program.":[242],"IMPORTANCE:":[243],"study":[245,303],"analyzes":[246],"Government":[248],"India's":[250],"Free":[253],"2025":[256],"campaign":[257],"context":[260],"diagnostics.":[267],"findings":[269],"raise":[270],"question":[272],"why":[274],"may":[276],"not":[277],"achieve":[278],"ambitious":[280],"goal":[281],"eliminating":[283],"tuberculosis,":[284],"perhaps":[285],"2030,":[287],"absence":[290],"proportionate":[293],"balanced":[295],"toolkit.":[298],"To":[299],"date,":[300],"Organization's":[314],"Essential":[315],"Diagnostics":[316],"List":[317],"(EDL)":[318],"lacking":[322],"scientific":[325],"discourse.":[329]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-08-12T00:00:00"}
