{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202215415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3f8l-5ykv","title":"Optimal concentration and gradient sensing by perfect monitors","display_name":"Optimal concentration and gradient sensing by perfect monitors","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202215415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3f8l-5ykv"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/3f8l-5ykv","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3f8l-5ykv","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3f8l-5ykv","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.08816","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067430064","display_name":"Farshid Jafarpour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2441-0296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2441-0296"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Farshid Jafarpour","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067430064"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45772918,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10621","display_name":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","score":0.7192000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10621","display_name":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","score":0.7192000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11513","display_name":"stochastic dynamics and bifurcation","score":0.07649999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.06369999796152115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-sensing","display_name":"gradient sensing","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concentration-sensing","display_name":"concentration sensing","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance-minimization","display_name":"variance minimization","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrostatic-analogy","display_name":"electrostatic analogy","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unbiased-estimators","display_name":"unbiased estimators","score":0.7519999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.7516999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.7339000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.5313000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4223000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4106000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.3946000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3944999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70136482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13583781","display_name":"A-weighting","level":3,"score":0.3716000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.34450000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39425265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098944","display_name":"Optimal estimation","level":2,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.25690001249313354}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/3f8l-5ykv","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3f8l-5ykv","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3f8l-5ykv","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.08816","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.08816","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.08816","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2608.08816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.08816","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.08816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.08816","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.08816","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.08816","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202215415.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202215415.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983748450","https://openalex.org/W1610630261","https://openalex.org/W7127541000","https://openalex.org/W2285743579","https://openalex.org/W3007097924","https://openalex.org/W2061643502","https://openalex.org/W2061654794","https://openalex.org/W3207059876","https://openalex.org/W6889146397","https://openalex.org/W4409480178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cells":[0],"often":[1],"estimate":[2],"chemical":[3],"concentrations":[4],"from":[5],"only":[6],"a":[7,19,30,58],"few":[8],"diffusing":[9],"molecules,":[10],"whose":[11],"stochastic":[12],"motion":[13],"limits":[14],"sensing":[15],"precision.":[16],"We":[17,103],"consider":[18],"perfect":[20],"monitoring":[21],"instrument":[22,80],"that":[23],"records":[24],"the":[25,35,53,79,82,85,95,105],"instantaneous":[26],"molecular":[27,40],"density":[28],"throughout":[29],"finite":[31],"region":[32],"without":[33],"perturbing":[34],"concentration":[36,66,99],"field":[37],"or":[38],"distinguishing":[39],"identities.":[41],"The":[42],"standard":[43],"Berg-Purcell":[44],"estimator":[45,87],"weights":[46],"all":[47,89],"positions":[48],"uniformly.":[49],"Here":[50],"we":[51],"derive":[52],"optimal":[54,86],"spatial":[55,111],"weighting":[56],"within":[57],"large":[59],"class":[60],"of":[61],"unbiased":[62],"estimators":[63],"for":[64],"both":[65,98],"and":[67,100,110],"gradient":[68,101],"sensing.":[69,102],"Variance":[70],"minimization":[71],"maps":[72],"to":[73,91,107],"an":[74],"electrostatic":[75],"problem.":[76],"Surprisingly,":[77],"although":[78],"monitors":[81],"entire":[83],"volume,":[84],"assigns":[88],"weight":[90],"its":[92],"boundary,":[93],"reducing":[94],"uncertainty":[96],"in":[97],"extend":[104],"results":[106],"arbitrary":[108],"geometries":[109],"dimensions.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-08-12T00:00:00"}
