{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202192082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70588","title":"Winter Type, Mediated by Land\u2010Surface Processes, Controls Seasonal Discharge Variability in Culturally Critical Ecosystems in the US 's Upper Midwest","display_name":"Winter Type, Mediated by Land\u2010Surface Processes, Controls Seasonal Discharge Variability in Culturally Critical Ecosystems in the US 's Upper Midwest","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202192082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70588"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/hyp.70588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70588","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70588","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/hyp.70588","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75830442","display_name":"Hydrological Processes","issn_l":"0885-6087","issn":["0885-6087","1099-1085"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hydrological Processes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/hyp.70588","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038523928","display_name":"Paige R. Voss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8453-0257","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8453-0257"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800403580","display_name":"University of Minnesota System","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paige R. Voss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8453-0257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049320940","display_name":"G.-H. Crystal Ng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800403580","display_name":"University of Minnesota System","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.\u2010H. Crystal Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA","Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018126125","display_name":"William Graveen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1119-4806","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1119-4806"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799393516","display_name":"Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians","ror":"https://ror.org/019faqe83","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799393516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William (Joe) Graveen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Natural Resource Management  Lac du Flambeau Wisconsin USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Natural Resource Management  Lac du Flambeau Wisconsin USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799393516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006579709","display_name":"Rob Croll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3329-6621","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3329-6621"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4402554033","display_name":"Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/02fty0943","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4402554033"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rob Croll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission  Odanah Wisconsin USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission  Odanah Wisconsin USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4402554033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117136198","display_name":"Kristen Hanson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8123-3708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8123-3708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799393516","display_name":"Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians","ror":"https://ror.org/019faqe83","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799393516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristen Hanson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Natural Resource Management  Lac du Flambeau Wisconsin USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Natural Resource Management  Lac du Flambeau Wisconsin USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799393516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008461115","display_name":"Hima J. Hassenruck\u2013Gudipati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-7387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-7387"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800403580","display_name":"University of Minnesota System","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75909800","display_name":"Southern Oregon University","ror":"https://ror.org/010kva064","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75909800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hima J. Hassenruck\u2010Gudipati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA","Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Sustainability Southern Oregon University  Ashland Oregon USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-7387","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Sustainability Southern Oregon University  Ashland Oregon USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75909800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034871894","display_name":"Daniel J. Larkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-0495","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-0495"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel J. Larkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-0495","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology University of Minnesota: Twin Cities  Minneapolis Minnesota USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138403812","display_name":"Kathleen Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4402554033","display_name":"Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/02fty0943","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4402554033"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission  Odanah Wisconsin USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission  Odanah Wisconsin USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4402554033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038735127","display_name":"Nancy Schuldt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799575588","display_name":"Fond du Lac Reservation","ror":"https://ror.org/01syx9t96","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799575588"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy Schuldt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Natural Resource Management  Cloquet Minnesota USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Natural Resource Management  Cloquet Minnesota USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799575588"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133531130","display_name":"Darren Vogt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9717-1089","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9717-1089"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260110","display_name":"1854 Treaty Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/0391zf918","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260110"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darren Vogt","raw_affiliation_strings":["1854 Treaty Authority  Duluth Minnesota USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9717-1089","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1854 Treaty Authority  Duluth Minnesota USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260110"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038523928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I2800403580"],"apc_list":{"value":5230,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5230},"apc_paid":{"value":5230,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5230},"fwci":1.4515,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74271879,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"8","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.8217999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.8217999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.11490000039339066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/winter-snowpack","display_name":"winter snowpack","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow-drought","display_name":"snow drought","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-surface-processes","display_name":"land surface processes","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evapotranspiration","display_name":"evapotranspiration","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"leaf area index","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frost","display_name":"frost","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snowmelt","display_name":"snowmelt","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zizania-palustris","display_name":"Zizania palustris","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wild-rice","display_name":"wild rice","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-impacts","display_name":"climate change impacts","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/winter-warming","display_name":"winter warming","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-midwest","display_name":"Upper Midwest","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catchment-hydrology","display_name":"catchment hydrology","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recharge","display_name":"recharge","score":0.3499999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778877292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18575846","display_name":"Snowpack","level":3,"score":0.9453999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64649846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754697","display_name":"Snowmelt","level":3,"score":0.7603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.682200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.6093999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.5685999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.52920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.48339998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174091901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670986","display_name":"Groundwater recharge","level":4,"score":0.4715999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.4535999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207318512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360925","display_name":"Meltwater","level":3,"score":0.390500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828158","display_name":"Evapotranspiration","level":2,"score":0.38269999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175327387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3289906","display_name":"Aquatic ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50477045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1444790","display_name":"Surface runoff","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153823671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049799","display_name":"Water resources","level":2,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8625798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752112","display_name":"Surface water","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69514717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2363192","display_name":"Ecohydrology","level":3,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53739315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29425295","display_name":"Streamflow","level":3,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81660378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8737769","display_name":"Discharge","level":3,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/hyp.70588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70588","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70588","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/hyp.70588","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75830442","display_name":"Hydrological Processes","issn_l":"0885-6087","issn":["0885-6087","1099-1085"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hydrological Processes","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/hyp.70588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70588","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70588","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/hyp.70588","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75830442","display_name":"Hydrological Processes","issn_l":"0885-6087","issn":["0885-6087","1099-1085"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hydrological Processes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.9786999821662903,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1598231653","display_name":"CNH2-L: Wild Rice: A Flagship for Co-Creating Socio-Ecological Knowledge of Indigenous Resource Management","funder_award_id":"2009256","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3465021085","display_name":"Focused CoPe: Strengthening Resilience of Manoomin, the Sentinel Species of the Great Lakes, with Data-Science Supported Seventh Generation Stewardship","funder_award_id":"2209226","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6631529248","display_name":"Collaborative Research: REU Site: Sustainable Land and Water Resources - A Community Based Research Experience for Undergraduates","funder_award_id":"2349269","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8344871313","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G21AC10204-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332183","funder_display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309636","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332183","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332748","display_name":"College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202192082.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202192082.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W68263387","https://openalex.org/W153794436","https://openalex.org/W168237287","https://openalex.org/W315652746","https://openalex.org/W316762641","https://openalex.org/W1538296957","https://openalex.org/W1543298386","https://openalex.org/W1564329782","https://openalex.org/W1575425731","https://openalex.org/W1604315647","https://openalex.org/W1876312768","https://openalex.org/W1982074018","https://openalex.org/W1982780349","https://openalex.org/W1992719120","https://openalex.org/W1994020089","https://openalex.org/W1998082098","https://openalex.org/W2014538668","https://openalex.org/W2014756298","https://openalex.org/W2023787697","https://openalex.org/W2024976235","https://openalex.org/W2043278952","https://openalex.org/W2052298702","https://openalex.org/W2076800104","https://openalex.org/W2081733110","https://openalex.org/W2084706776","https://openalex.org/W2087234131","https://openalex.org/W2092173431","https://openalex.org/W2096113236","https://openalex.org/W2101189027","https://openalex.org/W2104942120","https://openalex.org/W2130945373","https://openalex.org/W2150067047","https://openalex.org/W2157026492","https://openalex.org/W2163723601","https://openalex.org/W2280185397","https://openalex.org/W2471465880","https://openalex.org/W2566812201","https://openalex.org/W2581882292","https://openalex.org/W2594616433","https://openalex.org/W2755404877","https://openalex.org/W2757104701","https://openalex.org/W2775883821","https://openalex.org/W2782862215","https://openalex.org/W2807602993","https://openalex.org/W2885499430","https://openalex.org/W2889653743","https://openalex.org/W2892275081","https://openalex.org/W2900576060","https://openalex.org/W2932511276","https://openalex.org/W2941338226","https://openalex.org/W2968757843","https://openalex.org/W2985983213","https://openalex.org/W2998612037","https://openalex.org/W3047102441","https://openalex.org/W3083897301","https://openalex.org/W3088919884","https://openalex.org/W3095307848","https://openalex.org/W3110954529","https://openalex.org/W3112938419","https://openalex.org/W3131122836","https://openalex.org/W3131272185","https://openalex.org/W3132781201","https://openalex.org/W3174196514","https://openalex.org/W3185863955","https://openalex.org/W3215615674","https://openalex.org/W4200363629","https://openalex.org/W4200455725","https://openalex.org/W4210528733","https://openalex.org/W4213350069","https://openalex.org/W4220761593","https://openalex.org/W4245562838","https://openalex.org/W4251392789","https://openalex.org/W4254687493","https://openalex.org/W4283734288","https://openalex.org/W4285014963","https://openalex.org/W4311184974","https://openalex.org/W4311648842","https://openalex.org/W4312081576","https://openalex.org/W4318068312","https://openalex.org/W4320009414","https://openalex.org/W4323307061","https://openalex.org/W4367840356","https://openalex.org/W4377861521","https://openalex.org/W4379527604","https://openalex.org/W4389275035","https://openalex.org/W4396907299","https://openalex.org/W4399584589","https://openalex.org/W4400065511","https://openalex.org/W4402226447","https://openalex.org/W4406588935","https://openalex.org/W4409415520","https://openalex.org/W4409528284","https://openalex.org/W4410714857","https://openalex.org/W4411505189","https://openalex.org/W6892160308","https://openalex.org/W6910953757","https://openalex.org/W6948122806"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7014831610","https://openalex.org/W830652006","https://openalex.org/W3009352099","https://openalex.org/W7135791304","https://openalex.org/W7095846613","https://openalex.org/W4281628857","https://openalex.org/W3159484497","https://openalex.org/W1502267808","https://openalex.org/W2089632220","https://openalex.org/W1922160021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"With":[1],"some":[2],"of":[3,7,84,105,118,140,199,281],"the":[4,11,16,24,58,82,103,114,119,138,146,161,196,279,290],"fastest":[5],"rates":[6],"winter":[8,133,142,181,193,204],"warming":[9],"in":[10,15,23,113,160,289],"contiguous":[12],"U.S.":[13],"projected":[14],"Upper":[17,120,162],"Midwest,":[18],"Tribal":[19,127],"natural":[20],"resource":[21],"managers":[22],"region":[25],"are":[26],"concerned":[27],"about":[28,81],"milder":[29],"winters'":[30],"impacts":[31,83,104],"on":[32,90,100,108],"culturally":[33],"important":[34],"ecosystems.":[35],"In":[36],"particular,":[37],"Manoomin":[38,236,295],"(Ojibwemowin;":[39],"Dakodiapi:":[40],"Psi\u03b7;":[41],"English:":[42],"Wild":[43],"Rice,":[44],"Latin:":[45],"Zizania":[46],"palustris":[47],"),":[48],"an":[49],"annual":[50],"aquatic":[51],"grass":[52],"with":[53,94,202,259,271],"deep":[54],"cultural":[55],"significance":[56],"for":[57,179],"Ojibwe,":[59],"Dakota,":[60],"and":[61,145,168,176,187,206,220,285],"other":[62,141],"Indigenous":[63],"Peoples,":[64],"is":[65],"extremely":[66],"vulnerable":[67,253],"to":[68,75,183,214,263],"climate":[69,260],"change":[70,261],"impacts.":[71],"Manoomin's":[72],"high":[73,217,266],"sensitivity":[74],"hydrologic":[76],"conditions":[77,257],"raises":[78],"urgent":[79],"questions":[80],"low":[85],"snowpack":[86,106,134,194],"winters,":[87],"or":[88],"snow\u2010droughts,":[89],"flow":[91,268],"conditions.":[92],"However,":[93],"most":[95],"regional":[96],"snow\u2010drought":[97],"studies":[98],"focused":[99],"mountain":[101],"settings,":[102],"changes":[107],"growing\u2010season":[109],"discharge":[110,185],"remain":[111],"uncertain":[112],"low\u2010relief,":[115],"humid":[116],"context":[117],"Midwest.":[121],"Using":[122],"a":[123],"framework":[124],"guided":[125],"by":[126,164],"collaborators,":[128],"this":[129],"study":[130],"examined":[131],"how":[132],"affects":[135],"subsequent":[136],"streamflow,":[137],"role":[139],"climatic":[143,166],"variables,":[144],"key":[147],"springtime":[148,200,230,267],"land\u2010surface":[149],"processes":[150],"that":[151,232,245],"mediate":[152],"these":[153],"connections.":[154],"We":[155],"categorised":[156],"winters":[157,225,284],"across":[158],"watersheds":[159],"Midwest":[163],"different":[165],"metrics,":[167],"then":[169],"compared":[170],"discharge,":[171,201],"evapotranspiration,":[172,216],"leaf":[173],"area":[174],"index,":[175],"frost":[177],"data":[178],"each":[180],"category":[182],"characterise":[184],"behaviour":[186],"snowmelt":[188],"pathways.":[189],"Our":[190,275],"results":[191],"highlight":[192],"as":[195,209,240,242],"main":[197],"driver":[198],"total":[203],"precipitation":[205],"thawing":[207],"degrees":[208],"strong":[210,229],"secondary":[211],"controls.":[212],"Due":[213],"suppressed":[215],"moisture":[218],"inputs,":[219],"moderate":[221],"frost,":[222],"occasional":[223],"cold/wet/high\u2010snow":[224],"generated":[226],"both":[227],"uniquely":[228],"flows":[231],"may":[233,246],"beneficially":[234],"disturb":[235],"beds":[237],"before":[238],"germination,":[239],"well":[241],"greater":[243],"recharge":[244],"stabilise":[247],"later\u2010season":[248],"surface":[249],"water":[250],"levels":[251],"during":[252],"stages.":[254],"Warmer,":[255],"wetter":[256],"expected":[258],"fail":[262],"create":[264],"comparable":[265],"events,":[269],"likely":[270],"broad,":[272],"ecological":[273],"consequences.":[274],"collaborative":[276],"work":[277],"highlights":[278],"importance":[280],"heavy":[282],"snow":[283],"their":[286],"cross\u2010seasonal":[287],"influence":[288],"long":[291],"storage\u2010time":[292],"landscapes":[293],"where":[294],"lives.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-08-12T00:00:00"}