{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202187807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152","title":"Connecting 100K+ GPUs: Building the Communication Stack for Large-Scale LLM Training","display_name":"Connecting 100K+ GPUs: Building the Communication Stack for Large-Scale LLM Training","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202187807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3789240.3829152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407086014","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2026 Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7202187807"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072231297","display_name":"Hongyi Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4205-4678","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4205-4678"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyi Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4205-4678","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058015880","display_name":"Min Si","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0208-096X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0208-096X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Si","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0208-096X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050531633","display_name":"Pavan Balaji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7830-0001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7830-0001","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7390-117X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavan Balaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7390-117X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077094957","display_name":"Yongzhou Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-9195","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-9195"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongzhou Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-9195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076405830","display_name":"Ching-Hsiang Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-3135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-3135"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Hsiang Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-3135","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106212301","display_name":"Adithya Gangidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9050-0444","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9050-0444"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adithya Gangidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9050-0444","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109756281","display_name":"Prashanth Kannan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4794-9971","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4794-9971"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prashanth Kannan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4794-9971","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146445055","display_name":"Bingzhe Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5439-9379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5439-9379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingzhe Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5439-9379","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146577454","display_name":"Saif Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4243-4137","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4243-4137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saif Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4243-4137","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103162645","display_name":"Dong He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-7915","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-7915"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong He","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-7915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146535561","display_name":"Deep Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5945-8063","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5945-8063"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deep Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5945-8063","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106212303","display_name":"Ashmitha Jeevaraj Shetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9220-8353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9220-8353"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashmitha Jeevaraj Shetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9220-8353","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061412493","display_name":"Gregory R. Steinbrecher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-0191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-0191"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory R Steinbrecher","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-0191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078189600","display_name":"Srikanth Sundaresan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6230-9396","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6230-9396"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srikanth Sundaresan","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6230-9396","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146544499","display_name":"Yulun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5880-6092","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5880-6092"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5880-6092","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146455054","display_name":"Yexin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0229-6220","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0229-6220"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yexin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0229-6220","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055726778","display_name":"Mingran Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-9472","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-9472"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingran Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-9472","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146516789","display_name":"Kenny Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2483-0062","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2483-0062"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenny Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2483-0062","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035157838","display_name":"Minlan Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2381-0212","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2381-0212"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minlan Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2381-0212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049052426","display_name":"Cen Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9427-7654","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9427-7654"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cen Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9427-7654","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073246241","display_name":"Shengbao Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-8725","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-8725"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengbao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-8725","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031869683","display_name":"Wesley Bland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0369-218X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0369-218X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wesley Bland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0369-218X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061168828","display_name":"Denis Boyda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-7826","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-7826"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denis Boyda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-7826","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016413764","display_name":"Suman Gumudavelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4686-4491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4686-4491"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suman Gumudavelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4686-4491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146578191","display_name":"Subodh Iyengar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3413-5357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3413-5357"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subodh Iyengar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3413-5357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010280542","display_name":"Daniel Ezra Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-5640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-5640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-5640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029827712","display_name":"Cristian Lumezanu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8528-602X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8528-602X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristian Lumezanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8528-602X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146565684","display_name":"Kai Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2666-432X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2666-432X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2666-432X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045286171","display_name":"Rui Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-2374","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-2374"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-2374","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146524635","display_name":"Zhe Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6650-6141","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6650-6141"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6650-6141","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146537052","display_name":"Venkatraghavan Ramesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3029-5005","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3029-5005"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venkatraghavan Ramesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3029-5005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057224931","display_name":"Jingliang Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-0873","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-0873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingliang Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-0873","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146452767","display_name":"Maxim Samoylov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6094-7567","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6094-7567"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxim Samoylov","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6094-7567","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146558283","display_name":"Jan Seidel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3251-5642","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3251-5642"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Seidel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3251-5642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146472803","display_name":"Qiye Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0885-4865","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0885-4865"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiye Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0885-4865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102993152","display_name":"F. Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-3293","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-3293"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-3293","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047767267","display_name":"Xinfeng Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-6682","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-6682"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinfeng Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-6682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146487201","display_name":"Jingyi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5733-7808","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5733-7808"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5733-7808","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146550110","display_name":"Yimeng Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1791-6325","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1791-6325"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yimeng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1791-6325","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146484968","display_name":"Shuqiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5621-8247","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5621-8247"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuqiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["N/A, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5621-8247","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N/A, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146450937","display_name":"Tiane Art Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7354-8042","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7354-8042"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiane Art Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7354-8042","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"505","last_page":"518"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.6675000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.6675000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.09390000253915787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.06319999694824219,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gpu-interconnects","display_name":"GPU interconnects","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-model-training","display_name":"large language model training","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-stack","display_name":"communication stack","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth-delay-product","display_name":"bandwidth-delay product","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/all-to-all-communication","display_name":"all-to-all communication","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-of-experts","display_name":"mixture of experts","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-congestion","display_name":"network congestion","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-failure","display_name":"hardware failure","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-training","display_name":"distributed training","score":0.4099999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"resource management","score":0.5139999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5655999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9395851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177929","display_name":"Stack (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5497999787330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5235999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34540000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147494362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2078905","display_name":"Troubleshooting","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.24779999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.23489999771118164}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3789240.3829152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407086014","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2026 Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3789240.3829152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3789240.3829152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407086014","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2026 Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885156699","https://openalex.org/W2973727699","https://openalex.org/W4381886086","https://openalex.org/W4386768656","https://openalex.org/W4401176521","https://openalex.org/W4401176822","https://openalex.org/W4403981053","https://openalex.org/W4413756536","https://openalex.org/W4413756872","https://openalex.org/W4413757132","https://openalex.org/W4414736132","https://openalex.org/W4415307233","https://openalex.org/W4416249188","https://openalex.org/W4417256867","https://openalex.org/W7094944051","https://openalex.org/W7106301016"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7094944051","https://openalex.org/W7211907327","https://openalex.org/W4414741490","https://openalex.org/W7084397640","https://openalex.org/W4400682050","https://openalex.org/W4402389838","https://openalex.org/W7202204993","https://openalex.org/W7164929023","https://openalex.org/W7136808590","https://openalex.org/W7084103366"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"arrival":[1],"of":[2],"100K+":[3],"GPU":[4],"clusters":[5],"marks":[6],"a":[7],"new":[8,17],"frontier":[9],"in":[10],"AI":[11],"infrastructure.":[12],"Standard":[13],"communication":[14],"stack":[15],"meets":[16],"challenges":[18],"as":[19],"physical":[20],"topologies":[21],"span":[22],"multiple":[23],"datacenter":[24],"buildings,":[25],"introducing":[26],"high":[27],"bandwidth-delay":[28],"product":[29],"links":[30],"where":[31,64],"latency":[32],"increases":[33],"by":[34],"up":[35],"to":[36,39,70],"30\u00d7":[37],"compared":[38],"intra-rack":[40],"traffic.":[41],"Furthermore,":[42],"the":[43],"transition":[44],"toward":[45],"Mixture-of-Experts":[46],"architectures":[47],"generating":[48],"bursty":[49],"all-to-all":[50],"patterns":[51],"that":[52],"create":[53],"transient":[54],"congestion":[55],"hotspots.":[56],"These":[57],"constraints,":[58],"combined":[59],"with":[60],"an":[61],"operational":[62],"environment":[63],"hardware":[65],"failures":[66],"shift":[67],"from":[68],"anomalies":[69],"frequent":[71],"occurrences,":[72],"renders":[73],"traditionally":[74],"lightweight":[75],"operations":[76],"like":[77],"initialization":[78],"and":[79],"resource":[80],"management":[81],"challenging.":[82]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2026-08-12T00:00:00"}