{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202176152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c03897","title":"Beyond Total PFAS: Isomer Composition Matters for Water Quality and Human Exposure Studies","display_name":"Beyond Total PFAS: Isomer Composition Matters for Water Quality and Human Exposure Studies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202176152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c03897","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42674631"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.est.6c03897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c03897","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c03897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13479253","display_name":"Environmental Science & Technology","issn_l":"0013-936X","issn":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Science & Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018986296","display_name":"Judith R. Cristobal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6993-6569","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6993-6569"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith R. Cristobal","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6993-6569","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118842969","display_name":"Jenise Z. Paddayuman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0411-2919","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0411-2919"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenise Z. Paddayuman","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0411-2919","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105965544","display_name":"Mindula K. Wijayahena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5267-4694","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5267-4694"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mindula K. Wijayahena","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5267-4694","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050861204","display_name":"Narasimhan Loganathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0251-5430","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0251-5430"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Narasimhan Loganathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University , , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0251-5430","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University , , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056874287","display_name":"Deepak James","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4657-4450","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4657-4450"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepak James","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University , , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4657-4450","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University , , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058793147","display_name":"Angela K. Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9500-1628","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9500-1628"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela K. Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University , , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9500-1628","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University , , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038226828","display_name":"Gunes Ekin Atilla\u2010Gokcumen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7132-3873","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7132-3873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. Ekin Atilla-Gokcumen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7132-3873","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006870438","display_name":"Diana S. Aga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6512-7713","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6512-7713"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Diana S. Aga","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6512-7713","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State University of New York (SUNY) , , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006870438","https://openalex.org/A5038226828"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4434,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47826087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"33","first_page":"23087","last_page":"23100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11869","display_name":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11869","display_name":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10947","display_name":"Fluorine in Organic Chemistry","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10122","display_name":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances","display_name":"per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pfas-bioaccumulation","display_name":"PFAS bioaccumulation","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"risk assessment","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pfas-regulation","display_name":"PFAS regulation","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"water quality","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomonitoring","display_name":"biomonitoring","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exposure-response-relationship","display_name":"exposure-response relationship","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71572567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864231","display_name":"Bioaccumulation","level":2,"score":0.7261000275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109051061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864610","display_name":"Biomonitoring","level":2,"score":0.6067000031471252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984109670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320389","display_name":"Environmental risk assessment","level":3,"score":0.4124999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4122999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987857752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147","display_name":"Human health","level":2,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985358483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174211","display_name":"Organic chemicals","level":2,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539469273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1749732","display_name":"Environmental monitoring","level":2,"score":0.36070001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3596999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70798638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4575211","display_name":"Environmental quality","level":2,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018795828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899107","display_name":"Binding affinities","level":3,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7309705","display_name":"Regulatory science","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993054902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632717","display_name":"Water chemistry","level":2,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909415995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183129","display_name":"Water pollutants","level":2,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.250900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004781","descriptor_name":"Environmental Exposure","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005466","descriptor_name":"Fluorocarbons","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005466","descriptor_name":"Fluorocarbons","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005466","descriptor_name":"Fluorocarbons","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007536","descriptor_name":"Isomerism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014874","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants, Chemical","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014874","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants, Chemical","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014874","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants, Chemical","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060753","descriptor_name":"Water Quality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.est.6c03897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c03897","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c03897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13479253","display_name":"Environmental Science & Technology","issn_l":"0013-936X","issn":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Science & Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42674631","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42674631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental science & technology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8588422428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"84045101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306107","funder_display_name":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000886863","display_name":"Model-aided Design and Integration of Functionalized Hybrid Nanomaterials for Enhanced Bioremediation of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)","funder_award_id":"R01ES032717","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306107","display_name":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W793384380","https://openalex.org/W819640458","https://openalex.org/W1970016764","https://openalex.org/W1975902105","https://openalex.org/W1988477685","https://openalex.org/W2000476420","https://openalex.org/W2004809711","https://openalex.org/W2006608432","https://openalex.org/W2007191987","https://openalex.org/W2008057044","https://openalex.org/W2020104845","https://openalex.org/W2042134712","https://openalex.org/W2054627703","https://openalex.org/W2061268822","https://openalex.org/W2078122534","https://openalex.org/W2081307233","https://openalex.org/W2087232329","https://openalex.org/W2091006156","https://openalex.org/W2099742601","https://openalex.org/W2100079437","https://openalex.org/W2104908006","https://openalex.org/W2105576979","https://openalex.org/W2112558380","https://openalex.org/W2142420140","https://openalex.org/W2147604426","https://openalex.org/W2150080652","https://openalex.org/W2155132337","https://openalex.org/W2157527749","https://openalex.org/W2240719775","https://openalex.org/W2288819688","https://openalex.org/W2317125460","https://openalex.org/W2335224112","https://openalex.org/W2414885761","https://openalex.org/W2417622410","https://openalex.org/W2428539330","https://openalex.org/W2477641581","https://openalex.org/W2480204771","https://openalex.org/W2609362960","https://openalex.org/W2756301349","https://openalex.org/W2803462582","https://openalex.org/W2888393395","https://openalex.org/W2902554371","https://openalex.org/W2913583726","https://openalex.org/W2914432205","https://openalex.org/W2944579857","https://openalex.org/W2946129589","https://openalex.org/W2966730315","https://openalex.org/W2968234555","https://openalex.org/W2968829238","https://openalex.org/W2973145596","https://openalex.org/W2982787986","https://openalex.org/W2994186404","https://openalex.org/W3007797025","https://openalex.org/W3010643969","https://openalex.org/W3022454461","https://openalex.org/W3033937894","https://openalex.org/W3042724601","https://openalex.org/W3049372588","https://openalex.org/W3087070834","https://openalex.org/W3091745167","https://openalex.org/W3097197566","https://openalex.org/W3150924573","https://openalex.org/W3198377974","https://openalex.org/W4200297877","https://openalex.org/W4221127205","https://openalex.org/W4224299734","https://openalex.org/W4302287479","https://openalex.org/W4307772211","https://openalex.org/W4308773494","https://openalex.org/W4311931361","https://openalex.org/W4315702389","https://openalex.org/W4317888736","https://openalex.org/W4353018894","https://openalex.org/W4367322125","https://openalex.org/W4385382064","https://openalex.org/W4394728396","https://openalex.org/W4399852412","https://openalex.org/W4400721286","https://openalex.org/W4402434829","https://openalex.org/W4403309136","https://openalex.org/W4404773622","https://openalex.org/W4406114477","https://openalex.org/W4406505115","https://openalex.org/W4407227864","https://openalex.org/W4407591308","https://openalex.org/W4408099310","https://openalex.org/W4408176943","https://openalex.org/W4408181454","https://openalex.org/W4409120173","https://openalex.org/W4411176048","https://openalex.org/W4413102031","https://openalex.org/W4414088920","https://openalex.org/W4414865787","https://openalex.org/W4415430702","https://openalex.org/W4415666418","https://openalex.org/W7118567243","https://openalex.org/W7127146313","https://openalex.org/W7131471392","https://openalex.org/W7133345238","https://openalex.org/W7160384308"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7133345238","https://openalex.org/W4251225897","https://openalex.org/W3022454461","https://openalex.org/W4307772211","https://openalex.org/W2157527749","https://openalex.org/W7171439030","https://openalex.org/W3088098527","https://openalex.org/W4313555096","https://openalex.org/W4415430702","https://openalex.org/W219213640"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Per-":[0],"and":[1,14,26,50,64,69,74,89,105,107,115,121,144,154,170,189,198,206,222,226],"polyfluoroalkyl":[2],"substances":[3],"(PFAS)":[4],"produced":[5],"by":[6],"electrochemical":[7],"fluorination":[8],"are":[9,41],"complex":[10],"mixtures":[11],"of":[12,66,85,91,130,148],"linear":[13,35],"branched":[15,38],"isomers":[16,40,68,93,132,136],"that":[17,32,125,215],"differ":[18],"in":[19,43,111,183,185,187],"physicochemical":[20],"properties,":[21],"environmental":[22,95,114,225],"fate,":[23,197],"bioaccumulation":[24],"potential,":[25],"biological":[27,116],"activity.":[28],"Increasing":[29],"evidence":[30],"shows":[31],"not":[33],"only":[34],"but":[36],"also":[37],"PFAS":[39,57,92,131,139,157,220],"prevalent":[42],"the":[44,61,82,87,113,128,146],"environment.":[45],"Yet,":[46],"current":[47,83],"monitoring":[48],"frameworks":[49,214],"regulatory":[51,213],"approaches":[52,191],"largely":[53],"rely":[54],"on":[55,127],"total":[56],"isomer":[58,102],"metrics,":[59],"masking":[60],"distinct":[62],"behaviors":[63],"toxicities":[65],"individual":[67,135],"introducing":[70],"uncertainty":[71],"into":[72],"exposure":[73],"risk":[75,152,158,204],"assessments.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78,174],"Perspective,":[79],"we":[80,176],"examine":[81],"knowledge":[84],"(1)":[86],"distribution":[88],"accumulation":[90],"across":[94],"compartments,":[96],"(2)":[97],"analytical":[98,180],"challenges":[99],"associated":[100],"with":[101,182],"separation,":[103],"identification,":[104],"reporting,":[106],"(3)":[108],"critical":[109],"gaps":[110],"understanding":[112],"processes":[117],"governing":[118],"isomer-specific":[119,195],"toxicity":[120],"fate.":[122],"We":[123],"argue":[124],"reliance":[126],"sum":[129],"rather":[133],"than":[134],"may":[137],"bias":[138],"quantification,":[140],"weaken":[141],"exposure-response":[142],"assessments,":[143],"limit":[145],"development":[147],"scientifically":[149],"robust,":[150],"isomer-informed":[151],"assessment":[153],"regulation.":[155],"Advancing":[156],"evaluation":[159],"will":[160,202],"require":[161],"a":[162,208],"shift":[163],"from":[164],"aggregate":[165],"measurements":[166],"to":[167,192],"isomer-resolved":[168],"science":[169],"policy.":[171],"To":[172],"support":[173],"shift,":[175],"propose":[177],"integrating":[178],"advanced":[179],"techniques":[181],"silico,":[184],"vivo,":[186],"vitro,":[188],"biomonitoring":[190],"better":[193,223],"characterize":[194],"exposure,":[196],"toxicity.":[199],"Such":[200],"efforts":[201],"improve":[203],"characterization":[205],"provide":[207],"stronger":[209],"scientific":[210],"foundation":[211],"for":[212],"more":[216],"accurately":[217],"reflect":[218],"real-world":[219],"exposures":[221],"protect":[224],"human":[227],"health.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-08-12T00:00:00"}