{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202083334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","title":"Experimental characterization of light penetration in animals and human-head simulation for photocatalytic therapy in the brain","display_name":"Experimental characterization of light penetration in animals and human-head simulation for photocatalytic therapy in the brain","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202083334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056384197","display_name":"Yuichi Kawai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151346","display_name":"Ushio (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8p5m75","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151346"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuichi Kawai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan","Ushio Inc., 6409 Moto-Ishikawa-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 225-0004, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ushio Inc., 6409 Moto-Ishikawa-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 225-0004, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116228310","display_name":"Mai Kuriyama","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mai Kuriyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077457919","display_name":"Shinichi Torii","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shinichi Torii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004893002","display_name":"James Kenn CHAMBERS","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5273-7221","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5273-7221"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James K. Chambers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146637133","display_name":"Kazuyuki Uchida","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuyuki Uchida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020861873","display_name":"Youhei Sohma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-3903","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-3903"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190805021","display_name":"Wakayama Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/005qv5373","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190805021"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youhei Sohma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190805021"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041507338","display_name":"Yuki Yamanashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2317-3715","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2317-3715"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuki Yamanashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088288669","display_name":"Motomu Kanai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1977-7648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1977-7648"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Motomu Kanai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039521250","display_name":"Yukiko Hori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-840X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-840X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yukiko Hori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-840X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090117851","display_name":"Taisuke Tomita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-5943","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-5943"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Taisuke Tomita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-5943","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039521250","https://openalex.org/A5090117851"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.8090999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.8090999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.14010000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.014100000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-penetration-depth","display_name":"light penetration depth","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amyloid-fibrils","display_name":"amyloid fibrils","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-head","display_name":"human head","score":0.5460000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992808817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259526","display_name":"Light energy","level":2,"score":0.6735000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155220765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16905737","display_name":"Photoexcitation","level":3,"score":0.557200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776122933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243570","display_name":"Light therapy","level":3,"score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.47290000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777670902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Human brain","level":2,"score":0.4309000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777633098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2736051","display_name":"Amyloid (mycology)","level":2,"score":0.39410001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017965124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929359","display_name":"Blue light","level":2,"score":0.3596999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150493377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427863","display_name":"Transmittance","level":2,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502032728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","level":3,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111337013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737837","display_name":"Irradiation","level":2,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020368824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6546192","display_name":"Light intensity","level":2,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778117688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264024","display_name":"Animal model","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988867146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Human disease","level":3,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985930086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65037198","display_name":"Light emission","level":2,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104663316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76299","display_name":"Visible spectrum","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.27399998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120456961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Light scattering","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018263421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Human studies","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10446700/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10446700/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10446700/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10446700/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79461-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1402002930","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"24dk0207073","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311405","funder_display_name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2299815407","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP22dm0207072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311405","funder_display_name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4432571720","display_name":"\u4e2d\u5b66\u30fb\u9ad8\u6821\u4f53\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u304d\u3064\u304f\u306a\u3044\u6301\u4e45\u8d70\u300d\u3067\u9ad8\u3044\u904b\u52d5\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u306d\u3089\u3046\u6388\u696d\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3","funder_award_id":"23H05036","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5125856053","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP19jm0210058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338124","funder_display_name":"Strategic International Collaborative Research Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5263552306","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP19dm0307030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6003750565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP19jm0210058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311405","funder_display_name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6491676149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP19dm0307030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311405","funder_display_name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7698687594","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23dk0207061","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311405","funder_display_name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311405","display_name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/004rtk039"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338124","display_name":"Strategic International Collaborative Research Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202083334.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202083334.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160764522","https://openalex.org/W4404499277","https://openalex.org/W4308040579","https://openalex.org/W3103850702","https://openalex.org/W3091695108","https://openalex.org/W7171993347","https://openalex.org/W6968172621","https://openalex.org/W3133805780","https://openalex.org/W3021428402","https://openalex.org/W3153120024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photoexcitation":[0],"of":[1,9,53,95,131,191],"chemical":[2],"compounds,":[3],"together":[4],"with":[5,143],"the":[6,10,51,65,69,73,76,92,96,112,116,119,132,136,141,149,155,171,185,188],"light":[7,40,66,113,133,165],"transmittance":[8],"biological":[11,97],"window,":[12],"enables":[13],"targeted":[14],"phototherapy.":[15],"We":[16,99],"have":[17],"developed":[18],"a":[19,31,128],"photocatalyst-based":[20],"therapeutic":[21],"approach":[22],"for":[23],"Alzheimer":[24],"disease":[25],"and":[26,82,110,181],"demonstrated":[27],"amyloid-\u03b2":[28],"reduction":[29],"in":[30,50,60,78,80,83,87,148],"mouse":[32],"model.":[33],"However,":[34],"it":[35],"is":[36],"unclear":[37],"whether":[38],"sufficient":[39,164],"energy":[41,67,114,145,166],"can":[42,167],"be":[43,168],"delivered":[44,169],"transcranially":[45],"to":[46,75,135,170],"target":[47],"amyloid":[48],"fibrils":[49],"brains":[52],"larger":[54],"animals,":[55],"such":[56],"as":[57],"humans.":[58],"Therefore,":[59],"this":[61],"study,":[62],"we":[63],"measured":[64],"from":[68,118],"body":[70,121,138],"surface,":[71],"through":[72,175],"skull,":[74],"brain":[77,117,173],"mice":[79],"vivo":[81],"dog":[84],"head":[85],"specimens":[86],"mortua":[88],",":[89],"focusing":[90],"on":[91,107],"short-wavelength":[93],"side":[94],"window.":[98],"then":[100],"constructed":[101],"an":[102,176],"optical":[103],"simulation":[104],"model":[105],"based":[106],"these":[108],"measurements,":[109],"estimated":[111],"reaching":[115],"human":[120,137,172],"surface.":[122],"Our":[123],"results":[124],"show":[125],"that":[126,163,183],"only":[127],"small":[129],"fraction":[130],"applied":[134],"surface":[139,174],"reaches":[140],"brain,":[142],"most":[144],"loss":[146],"occurring":[147],"skin.":[150],"In":[151],"contrast,":[152],"attenuation":[153],"by":[154],"skull":[156],"was":[157],"relatively":[158],"modest.":[159],"These":[160],"findings":[161],"suggest":[162],"appropriately":[177],"designed":[178],"delivery":[179],"route":[180],"device":[182],"bypasses":[184],"skin,":[186],"supporting":[187],"translational":[189],"potential":[190],"photocatalytic":[192],"therapy.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-08-10T00:00:00"}
