{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7202037984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","title":"Beyond supplements and surrogates: an evidence-quality map informs a strategic rebalancing of dietary research in prostate cancer active surveillance","display_name":"Beyond supplements and surrogates: an evidence-quality map informs a strategic rebalancing of dietary research in prostate cancer active surveillance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7202037984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42638961","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13500317"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146277434","display_name":"Ying Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116517","display_name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02ar2nf05","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163399","display_name":"Shandong First Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jb9pq57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan","Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517","https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108765246","display_name":"Tianqi Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116517","display_name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02ar2nf05","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163399","display_name":"Shandong First Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jb9pq57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian-Qi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan","Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517","https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146262775","display_name":"Ai-Yun Zhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116517","display_name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02ar2nf05","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163399","display_name":"Shandong First Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jb9pq57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ai-Yun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan","Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517","https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146246137","display_name":"Yin-Ping Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin-Ping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037539383","display_name":"Qiang Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-1229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-1229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116517","display_name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02ar2nf05","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163399","display_name":"Shandong First Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jb9pq57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan","Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517","https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037539383"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116517","https://openalex.org/I4210163399"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45368941,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"1911038","last_page":"1911038"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.5464000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.5464000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.19259999692440033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.16110000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer","display_name":"prostate cancer","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-surveillance","display_name":"active surveillance","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-intervention","display_name":"dietary intervention","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-supplements","display_name":"dietary supplements","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-evidence","display_name":"quality of evidence","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidence-gaps","display_name":"evidence gaps","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-of-bias","display_name":"risk of bias","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-progression","display_name":"disease progression","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-funding-priorities","display_name":"research funding priorities","score":0.5699999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.7652000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7236999869346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2771230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4926699","display_name":"Blinding","level":3,"score":0.6498000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.6328999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.616100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152541439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186693","display_name":"Critical appraisal","level":3,"score":0.5679000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.5421000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148482608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007018","display_name":"Clinical study design","level":3,"score":0.49810001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.4456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.4456000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19648533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691640","display_name":"Evidence-based medicine","level":3,"score":0.4318999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4235000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141330323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2354820","display_name":"Evidence-based practice","level":3,"score":0.42250001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.39989998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780192828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257","display_name":"Prostate cancer","level":3,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.37229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.3443000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780439572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919364","display_name":"Publication bias","level":3,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.34130001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128544194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474859","display_name":"Translational research","level":2,"score":0.32010000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71008984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2890076","display_name":"Rigour","level":2,"score":0.3142000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204243189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363085","display_name":"Randomization","level":3,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776478404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105187","display_name":"Cochrane Library","level":3,"score":0.25529998540878296}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42638961","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42638961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in nutrition","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13500317","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13500317/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Nutr","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3318c9fcc9714a4bb9f70baf352429b4","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3318c9fcc9714a4bb9f70baf352429b4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition, Vol 13 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1911038/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202037984.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7202037984.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1873382366","https://openalex.org/W1987458583","https://openalex.org/W1995808146","https://openalex.org/W2014974546","https://openalex.org/W2021480933","https://openalex.org/W2026152395","https://openalex.org/W2027244560","https://openalex.org/W2050850397","https://openalex.org/W2079143347","https://openalex.org/W2095385698","https://openalex.org/W2098923148","https://openalex.org/W2128427651","https://openalex.org/W2167854858","https://openalex.org/W2531269403","https://openalex.org/W2915035913","https://openalex.org/W2939142946","https://openalex.org/W2956796262","https://openalex.org/W2999441284","https://openalex.org/W3093930321","https://openalex.org/W3178588825","https://openalex.org/W4308429709","https://openalex.org/W4321438601","https://openalex.org/W4376636022","https://openalex.org/W4391354425","https://openalex.org/W4392401568","https://openalex.org/W4400720534","https://openalex.org/W4403485075","https://openalex.org/W4403876923","https://openalex.org/W4405352365","https://openalex.org/W4407927598","https://openalex.org/W4409040302","https://openalex.org/W4409890912","https://openalex.org/W4413418774","https://openalex.org/W4414889633","https://openalex.org/W4415613413","https://openalex.org/W4417530810","https://openalex.org/W7157838064","https://openalex.org/W7161054912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7161115829","https://openalex.org/W4411448320","https://openalex.org/W2118664074","https://openalex.org/W2169821650","https://openalex.org/W2106148864","https://openalex.org/W7157838064","https://openalex.org/W2080437168","https://openalex.org/W4308429709","https://openalex.org/W1682365295","https://openalex.org/W2087346860"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Evidence":[1],"regarding":[2],"whether":[3],"dietary":[4,165,195,247],"interventions":[5,67,248],"can":[6],"delay":[7],"disease":[8,252],"progression":[9,169,253],"in":[10,44,141,154,216,222,266],"men":[11],"undergoing":[12],"active":[13],"surveillance":[14],"for":[15],"prostate":[16],"cancer":[17],"remains":[18],"fragmented.":[19],"This":[20],"study":[21],"innovatively":[22],"combines":[23],"a":[24,37,50,119,151,176,234],"systematic":[25],"review":[26,271],"of":[27,40,63,83,92,104,163,198,237],"the":[28,41,56,77,81,86,90,101,108,112,155,161,189],"evidence":[29,42,71,123,156,208],"with":[30,76,138,211],"rigorous":[31,241],"methodological":[32],"assessment,":[33],"aiming":[34],"to":[35,68,203,244,261],"provide":[36],"critical":[38,152],"analysis":[39],"base":[43],"this":[45],"field,":[46],"rather":[47],"than":[48],"merely":[49],"descriptive":[51],"review.":[52],"Methods:":[53],"We":[54],"searched":[55],"PubMed,":[57],"Embase,":[58],"Cochrane":[59,102],"Library,":[60],"and":[61,85,111,129,143],"Web":[62],"Science":[64],"databases,":[65],"mapping":[66],"outcomes.":[69],"An":[70],"bubble":[72,78],"plot":[73],"was":[74],"constructed,":[75],"size":[79],"representing":[80,89],"number":[82],"studies":[84,159,192,259],"color":[87],"intensity":[88],"proportion":[91],"randomized":[93,135],"controlled":[94,136],"trials.":[95],"Methodological":[96],"quality":[97,173],"were":[98],"assessed":[99],"using":[100],"risk":[103],"bias":[105],"tool,":[106],"ROBINS-I,":[107],"Newcastle-Ottawa":[109],"Scale":[110],"JBI":[113],"tool.":[114],"Results:":[115],"The":[116,171],"map":[117],"revealed":[118],"dense":[120],"but":[121,220],"flawed":[122],"cluster":[124],"focused":[125],"on":[126,167,182,193,225],"phytochemical-rich":[127],"supplements":[128,183],"PSA/biomarker":[130],"change,":[131],"primarily":[132],"supported":[133],"by":[134],"trials":[137,224,243],"prevalent":[139],"limitations":[140],"blinding":[142],"randomization":[144],"reporting.":[145],"In":[146],"stark":[147],"contrast,":[148],"there":[149],"is":[150,184,209],"gap":[153],"from":[157,233],"intervention":[158],"assessing":[160],"impact":[162],"holistic":[164,194,226],"patterns":[166],"clinical":[168,212,242],"endpoints.":[170],"integrated":[172],"assessment":[174],"underscores":[175],"fundamental":[177],"mismatch:":[178],"while":[179,255],"abundant,":[180],"research":[181,229],"often":[185],"methodologically":[186],"compromised,":[187],"conversely,":[188],"few":[190],"observational":[191],"patterns,":[196],"although":[197],"higher":[199],"quality,":[200],"are":[201],"unable":[202],"establish":[204],"causality.":[205],"Conclusion:":[206],"Current":[207],"misaligned":[210],"needs,":[213],"being":[214],"rich":[215],"low-certainty":[217],"supplement":[218,258],"data":[219],"scarce":[221],"high-quality":[223],"diets.":[227],"Future":[228],"would":[230],"benefit":[231],"greatly":[232],"strategic":[235],"reorientation":[236],"funding-namely,":[238],"prioritizing":[239],"large-scale,":[240],"evaluate":[245],"comprehensive":[246],"targeting":[249],"clinically":[250],"significant":[251],"endpoints,":[254],"recognizing":[256],"that":[257],"continue":[260],"play":[262],"an":[263],"important":[264],"role":[265],"generating":[267],"mechanistic":[268],"hypotheses.":[269],"Systematic":[270],"registration:":[272],"https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/T8G97.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-08-10T00:00:00"}
