{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7201889351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","title":"LANGUAGE AS A GATEKEEPER: THE SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION FOR MARGINALIZED LEARNERS IN NIGERIA","display_name":"LANGUAGE AS A GATEKEEPER: THE SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION FOR MARGINALIZED LEARNERS IN NIGERIA","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7201889351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","pdf_url":"https://nightingalepublications.com/index.php/nijhcsr/article/download/511/487","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044861","display_name":"International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies Research","issn_l":"3026-9962","issn":["3026-9962","3027-2874"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://nightingalepublications.com/index.php/nijhcsr/article/download/511/487","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137408008","display_name":"Gideon Odibah Moses","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405284809","display_name":"Kogi State College of Education (Technical)","ror":"https://ror.org/047tckp88","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405284809"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MOSES, GIDEON ODIBAH","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kogi State College of Education (Technical), Mopa, P.M.B.242, Kabba, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kogi State College of Education (Technical), Mopa, P.M.B.242, Kabba, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405284809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108815430","display_name":"Aderinsola Helen Adeyemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0010-4755","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0010-4755"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405284809","display_name":"Kogi State College of Education (Technical)","ror":"https://ror.org/047tckp88","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405284809"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ADEYEMI, ADERINSOLA HELEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kogi State College of Education (Technical), Mopa, P.M.B.242, Kabba, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kogi State College of Education (Technical), Mopa, P.M.B.242, Kabba, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405284809"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5145760451","display_name":"VALENTINA OGU MOSES","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405284809","display_name":"Kogi State College of Education (Technical)","ror":"https://ror.org/047tckp88","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405284809"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MOSES, VALENTINA OGU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kogi State College of Education (Technical), Mopa, P.M.B.242, Kabba, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kogi State College of Education (Technical), Mopa, P.M.B.242, Kabba, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405284809"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405284809"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12542","display_name":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-of-instruction","display_name":"language of instruction","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginalized-students","display_name":"marginalized students","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-inequality","display_name":"educational inequality","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mother-tongue-education","display_name":"mother tongue education","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilingual-education","display_name":"multilingual education","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-education-policy","display_name":"language education policy","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-medium-instruction","display_name":"English-medium instruction","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-languages","display_name":"indigenous languages","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-education","display_name":"inclusive education","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-justice-education","display_name":"social justice education","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internally-displaced-persons","display_name":"internally displaced persons","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-education","display_name":"rural education","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-preparation","display_name":"teacher preparation","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sdg-4","display_name":"Sustainable Development Goal 4","score":0.8970000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776273917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6807178","display_name":"Medium of instruction","level":2,"score":0.8616999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106394435","display_name":"Disadvantaged","level":2,"score":0.6922000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556340858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334451","display_name":"Language policy","level":2,"score":0.5078999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778035315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17070152","display_name":"Multilingual Education","level":3,"score":0.505299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171041071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36870","display_name":"First language","level":2,"score":0.49639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4927000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.4595000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777673361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5281228","display_name":"Disadvantage","level":2,"score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.37540000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.36390000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134659438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5853064","display_name":"Social exclusion","level":2,"score":0.36320000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455196","display_name":"Native-language instruction","level":4,"score":0.3578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781370049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645304","display_name":"Indigenous language","level":3,"score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2390977","display_name":"Language proficiency","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123960582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455196","display_name":"Language education","level":2,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781281093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329499","display_name":"Language planning","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779791860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511009","display_name":"Compulsory education","level":2,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778783286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861360","display_name":"Educational inequality","level":3,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30081","display_name":"Multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67141207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452348","display_name":"Education policy","level":3,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166007726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4536542","display_name":"Language assessment","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776847045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61566","display_name":"Minority language","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108494575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207930","display_name":"Languages of Africa","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780789378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23492","display_name":"Official language","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74672266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815859","display_name":"Language acquisition","level":2,"score":0.26190000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","pdf_url":"https://nightingalepublications.com/index.php/nijhcsr/article/download/511/487","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044861","display_name":"International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies Research","issn_l":"3026-9962","issn":["3026-9962","3027-2874"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70382/nijhcsr.v13i6.030","pdf_url":"https://nightingalepublications.com/index.php/nijhcsr/article/download/511/487","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044861","display_name":"International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies Research","issn_l":"3026-9962","issn":["3026-9962","3027-2874"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7201889351.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7201889351.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127259440","https://openalex.org/W4401659802"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7196998652","https://openalex.org/W7134136121","https://openalex.org/W7084601349","https://openalex.org/W7138912378","https://openalex.org/W7134133819","https://openalex.org/W2025770064","https://openalex.org/W4411676127","https://openalex.org/W7169878227","https://openalex.org/W7061568370","https://openalex.org/W6893127334"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Language":[0],"plays":[1],"a":[2,61,101,116,189,195,218,269],"pivotal":[3],"role":[4],"in":[5,13,113,148,228,242,251],"shaping":[6],"educational":[7,108,203,240],"access,":[8],"participation,":[9,172],"and":[10,28,87,134,165,177,202,211,225,258,278],"success,":[11],"particularly":[12],"multilingual":[14,210],"societies":[15],"where":[16],"the":[17,33,39,42,46,49,53,72,95,121,144],"language":[18,47,158,185,248,253,267],"of":[19,41,48,56,75,97,146,191,209,247,275],"instruction":[20,76,98,150],"often":[21,151],"determines":[22],"learners'":[23],"opportunities":[24,109],"for":[25,81,110,221],"academic":[26,175],"achievement":[27],"social":[29,199],"mobility.":[30],"In":[31],"Nigeria,":[32],"National":[34],"Policy":[35],"on":[36,69,137],"Education":[37],"advocates":[38],"use":[40],"mother":[43,212],"tongue":[44],"or":[45,106],"immediate":[50],"environment":[51],"during":[52],"early":[54],"years":[55],"basic":[57],"education,":[58],"followed":[59],"by":[60,169],"gradual":[62],"transition":[63],"to":[64],"English.":[65],"However,":[66],"widespread":[67],"reliance":[68],"English":[70,147],"as":[71,100,217],"dominant":[73],"medium":[74,96,190],"has":[77],"created":[78],"significant":[79],"barriers":[80],"learners":[82,112],"from":[83,125,154,268],"marginalized":[84,111],"linguistic,":[85],"cultural,":[86],"socio-economic":[88],"backgrounds.":[89],"This":[90],"paper":[91,181],"critically":[92],"examines":[93],"how":[94],"functions":[99],"gatekeeper":[102],"that":[103,143,184,238],"either":[104],"facilitates":[105],"restricts":[107],"Nigeria.":[114],"Adopting":[115],"systematic":[117],"literature":[118],"review":[119,141],"methodology,":[120],"study":[122,236],"synthesizes":[123],"evidence":[124],"peer-reviewed":[126],"journal":[127],"articles,":[128],"government":[129],"policy":[130],"documents,":[131],"UNESCO":[132],"reports,":[133],"empirical":[135],"studies":[136],"language-in-education":[138],"policies.":[139],"The":[140,180,235],"reveals":[142],"dominance":[145],"classroom":[149,171],"disadvantages":[152],"children":[153],"rural":[155],"communities,":[156,164],"minority":[157],"groups,":[159],"nomadic":[160],"populations,":[161],"internally":[162],"displaced":[163],"economically":[166],"disadvantaged":[167],"households":[168],"limiting":[170],"literacy":[173],"development,":[174,254],"achievement,":[176],"cultural":[178],"affirmation.":[179],"further":[182],"argues":[183],"is":[186,215],"not":[187],"merely":[188],"communication":[192],"but":[193],"also":[194],"mechanism":[196,271],"through":[197],"which":[198],"power,":[200],"identity,":[201],"inequality":[204],"are":[205],"reproduced.":[206],"Effective":[207],"implementation":[208,246],"tongue-based":[213],"education":[214,227],"identified":[216],"critical":[219],"strategy":[220],"promoting":[222],"inclusive,":[223],"equitable,":[224],"sustainable":[226],"line":[229],"with":[230],"Sustainable":[231],"Development":[232],"Goal":[233],"4.":[234],"concludes":[237],"achieving":[239],"justice":[241],"Nigeria":[243],"requires":[244],"stronger":[245],"policy,":[249],"investment":[250],"indigenous":[252],"enhanced":[255],"teacher":[256],"preparation,":[257],"sustained":[259],"stakeholder":[260],"engagement.":[261],"These":[262],"measures":[263],"will":[264],"help":[265],"transform":[266],"gatekeeping":[270],"into":[272],"an":[273],"instrument":[274],"inclusion,":[276],"empowerment,":[277],"national":[279],"development.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-08-08T00:00:00"}