{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7201864729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","title":"A novel life cycle assessment demonstrates that targeted genetic improvement can reduce the environmental impact of beef from beef \u00d7 dairy production systems in the US and the UK","display_name":"A novel life cycle assessment demonstrates that targeted genetic improvement can reduce the environmental impact of beef from beef \u00d7 dairy production systems in the US and the UK","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7201864729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42567267"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.2025-27532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053258978","display_name":"Ellen Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-4490","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-4490"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149838","display_name":"Genus (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03qvyw596","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149838","https://openalex.org/I4210163106"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ellen Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Genus plc., ABS Global, 1525 River Road, De Forest, WI, 53532 USA. Electronic address: ellen.lai@genusplc.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-4490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Genus plc., ABS Global, 1525 River Road, De Forest, WI, 53532 USA. Electronic address: ellen.lai@genusplc.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149838"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027927827","display_name":"Matthew A. Cleveland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9599-0299","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9599-0299"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149838","display_name":"Genus (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03qvyw596","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149838","https://openalex.org/I4210163106"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew A Cleveland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Genus plc., ABS Global, 1525 River Road, De Forest, WI, 53532 USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9599-0299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Genus plc., ABS Global, 1525 River Road, De Forest, WI, 53532 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149838"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053258978"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149838"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"fwci":5.0449,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91784658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11259","display_name":"Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact","score":0.4311999976634979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11259","display_name":"Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact","score":0.4311999976634979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.35839998722076416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12896","display_name":"Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis","score":0.08290000259876251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beef-cattle","display_name":"beef cattle","score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-impacts-of-livestock","display_name":"environmental impact of livestock","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedlot-finishing","display_name":"feedlot finishing","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-production","display_name":"feed production","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manure-management","display_name":"manure management","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enteric-methane-emissions","display_name":"enteric methane","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-mitigation","display_name":"climate change mitigation","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-use","display_name":"water consumption","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"land use","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-quality","display_name":"air quality","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beef-supply-chain","display_name":"beef supply chain","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-index","display_name":"genetic index","score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/average-daily-gain","display_name":"average daily gain","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carcass-weight","display_name":"carcass weight","score":0.9100000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778706760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581950","display_name":"Life-cycle assessment","level":3,"score":0.723800003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164749845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320389","display_name":"Environmental impact assessment","level":2,"score":0.6222000122070312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5047000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111874474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6005872","display_name":"Impact assessment","level":2,"score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4595000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983492250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637776","display_name":"Dairy industry","level":2,"score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020541086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637776","display_name":"Milk production","level":2,"score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.3598000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780505807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1208989","display_name":"Beef cattle","level":2,"score":0.3142000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333508","display_name":"Economic impact analysis","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983635469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144359","display_name":"Environmental effect","level":3,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994599422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80962","display_name":"Animal production","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.26489999890327454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.2025-27532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42567267","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42567267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of dairy science","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.2025-27532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.7811999917030334,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2594348116","display_name":"Climate Smart Beef Genetics - Innovative approaches to the reduce environmental impact of the UK beef supply chain","funder_award_id":"10045515","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335087","funder_display_name":"Innovate UK"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335087","display_name":"Innovate UK","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar5fy68"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W291058320","https://openalex.org/W1968886926","https://openalex.org/W2106107138","https://openalex.org/W2130626806","https://openalex.org/W2287668391","https://openalex.org/W2734624990","https://openalex.org/W2762024457","https://openalex.org/W2902640353","https://openalex.org/W2978565101","https://openalex.org/W3135214017","https://openalex.org/W4224287616","https://openalex.org/W4324122418","https://openalex.org/W4324332705","https://openalex.org/W4390742052","https://openalex.org/W4401730068","https://openalex.org/W4409548808","https://openalex.org/W4409994364","https://openalex.org/W4412002526","https://openalex.org/W7128532844"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412462595","https://openalex.org/W2087460198","https://openalex.org/W3102762867","https://openalex.org/W3193476955","https://openalex.org/W3083893687","https://openalex.org/W4309682958","https://openalex.org/W1822667183","https://openalex.org/W643185319","https://openalex.org/W7214710192","https://openalex.org/W7000317046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Genetic":[0],"improvement":[1,74,91,101,118,466,488],"has":[2,62],"been":[3,64],"identified":[4],"as":[5,119,238,489],"a":[6,86,120,140,147,184,223,490],"key":[7,121],"practice":[8,492],"for":[9,38,54,88,123,136,222,231,256,357,430,434,439,470,493],"reducing":[10,124],"the":[11,40,51,68,96,107,113,125,155,196,213,234,263,342,347,367,380,416,431,435,440,444,483,495],"environmental":[12,41,57,126,318,404,426,476],"impact":[13,42,127,314,319,349,369,378,382],"of":[14,29,43,71,80,98,115,128,161,189,206,233,288,377,407,418,428,455,485,497],"livestock":[15,498],"systems":[16,105,469],"through":[17],"improved":[18,471],"production":[19,23,104,472],"efficiency.":[20],"Beef-on-dairy":[21],"(BxD)":[22],"comprises":[24],"an":[25,93],"increasingly":[26],"large":[27],"portion":[28],"beef":[30,129],"supply":[31],"chains":[32],"and":[33,109,111,146,150,175,198,245,274,276,292,297,305,309,324,332,338,437,458],"provides":[34],"data":[35,228],"collection":[36],"opportunities":[37],"understanding":[39],"genetic":[44,73,90,100,117,166,208,225,289,300,340,385,419,465,487],"improvement.":[45],"Life":[46,131],"cycle":[47,132,313],"assessment":[48,315],"(LCA)":[49],"is":[50],"gold":[52],"standard":[53],"measuring":[55],"product-level":[56],"footprints":[58],"and,":[59,356],"to":[60,66,84,204,346,393,401,411],"date,":[61],"not":[63],"applied":[65],"assess":[67],"mitigation":[69],"potential":[70],"targeted":[72,99,116,177,486],"in":[75,102,106,154,250,271,422,424,443,449,467],"BxD":[76,103,138,193,224],"production.":[77,130,194,499],"The":[78,311,363],"objectives":[79],"this":[81],"study":[82,462],"were":[83,134,202,229,351],"provide":[85],"framework":[87],"incorporating":[89],"into":[92],"LCA,":[94],"quantify":[95],"role":[97],"US":[108,142],"UK,":[110],"demonstrate":[112],"value":[114,221,484],"intervention":[122],"assessments":[133],"completed":[135],"three":[137],"populations,":[139,200],"typical":[141],"feedlot":[143],"system":[144,153],"(US)":[145],"premium":[148],"(UK-HQ)":[149],"commodity":[151],"(UK-HY)":[152],"UK.":[156],"Each":[157],"population":[158,294],"was":[159,254],"comprised":[160],"animals":[162,169,178,201],"from":[163,183,375],"two":[164],"different":[165],"backgrounds:":[167],"benchmark":[168,197,408],"sired":[170,180],"by":[171,181,451],"industry":[172],"average":[173,257],"genetics,":[174],"genetically":[176],"(GT)":[179],"bulls":[182],"breeding":[185],"program":[186],"targeting":[187],"selection":[188],"traits":[190],"that":[191,399,464,478],"optimize":[192],"Within":[195],"GT":[199,412],"assigned":[203],"one":[205],"five":[207,211],"tiers,":[209,341],"with":[210],"being":[212],"highest":[214],"merit":[215,386],"level,":[216],"based":[217],"on":[218],"their":[219],"sire's":[220],"index.":[226],"Individual-level":[227],"available":[230],"each":[232,251,286],"growing":[235,264,372],"phases,":[236,373],"defined":[237],"weaning,":[239],"rearing-milk,":[240],"rearing-fed,":[241],"grazing":[242],"(UK-HQ":[243],"only),":[244],"finishing.":[246],"Average":[247],"phenotypic":[248],"performance":[249,281],"sire":[252,299,339,389],"tier":[253,301],"determined":[255],"daily":[258],"gain":[259],"(ADG),":[260],"days":[261],"at":[262],"phase,":[265],"feed":[266,352],"dry":[267],"matter":[268],"intake":[269],"(DMI)":[270],"finishing":[272,364],"(US":[273],"UK-HY),":[275,298],"carcass":[277],"weight.":[278],"Using":[279],"these":[280],"averages,":[282],"LCA":[283],"runs":[284],"evaluated":[285],"combination":[287],"background":[290],"(benchmark":[291],"GT),":[293],"(US,":[295],"UK-HQ":[296,441],"(Tier":[302],"1-Tier":[303],"5)":[304],"marketing":[306,446],"year":[307],"(2024":[308],"2029).":[310],"life":[312],"characterized":[316],"sixteen":[317],"categories":[320,350,398],"covering":[321],"water":[322],"use":[323],"quality,":[325,329],"land":[326],"use,":[327,331],"air":[328],"resource":[330],"climate":[333,358,452],"change.":[334],"Across":[335],"all":[336,371],"populations":[337,442],"main":[343],"processes":[344],"contributing":[345],"relevant":[348,381],"production,":[353],"manure":[354],"management,":[355],"change":[359,453],"only,":[360],"enteric":[361],"fermentation.":[362],"phase":[365],"had":[366],"largest":[368],"among":[370],"ranging":[374],"50-89%":[376],"across":[379,396],"categories.":[383],"Higher":[384],"(i.e.,":[387],"higher":[388],"tiers)":[390],"consistently":[391],"led":[392],"concurrent":[394],"reductions":[395,423,454],"damage":[397],"aggregated":[400],"lower":[402],"overall":[403,425],"impact.":[405],"Comparisons":[406],"Tier":[409,413],"3":[410],"5,":[414],"representing":[415],"effect":[417],"improvement,":[420],"resulted":[421],"footprint":[427],"-8.7%":[429],"US,":[432],"-9.6%":[433],"UK-HY,":[436],"-4.2%":[438],"2024":[445],"year,":[447],"driven":[448],"part":[450],"-4.7%,":[456,459],"-8.8%,":[457],"respectively.":[460],"This":[461],"demonstrates":[463],"commercial":[468],"efficiency":[473],"confers":[474],"systemic":[475],"benefits":[477],"accumulate":[479],"over":[480],"time,":[481],"underscoring":[482],"foundational":[491],"improving":[494],"sustainability":[496]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-08-08T00:00:00"}
