{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7201837607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162663","title":"FFT-Based Multiscale Frequency Decomposition for Atmospheric Lidar Attenuated Backscatter Profile Forecasting","display_name":"FFT-Based Multiscale Frequency Decomposition for Atmospheric Lidar Attenuated Backscatter Profile Forecasting","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7201837607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs18162663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162663","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/18/16/2663/pdf?version=1786108343","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7201837607"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/18/16/2663/pdf?version=1786108343","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103018117","display_name":"Hao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-9084","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-9084"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-9084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101745116","display_name":"Zhanpeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4041-0434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4041-0434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanpeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100442582","display_name":"Jingjing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-2024","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-2024"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optoelectronic Science and Intelligent Instrumentation, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optoelectronic Science and Intelligent Instrumentation, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103249814","display_name":"Fei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-3786","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-3786"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optoelectronic Science and Intelligent Instrumentation, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-3786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optoelectronic Science and Intelligent Instrumentation, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102370693","display_name":"Zhimin Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-9401","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-9401"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhimin Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-9401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103249814"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"16","first_page":"2663","last_page":"2663"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.5512999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.5512999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.3862000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.03099999949336052,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-lidar","display_name":"atmospheric lidar","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain-decomposition","display_name":"frequency domain decomposition","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-fourier-transform","display_name":"fast Fourier transform","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-term-forecasting","display_name":"short-term forecasting","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-backscatter","display_name":"aerosol backscatter","score":0.527999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.6697999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5893999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5557000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75172450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623950","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.4325000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.4092000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.3806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778217198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556977","display_name":"Cutoff","level":2,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119666444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5977280","display_name":"Temporal resolution","level":2,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.3100999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs18162663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162663","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/18/16/2663/pdf?version=1786108343","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c3d11ef3bdf64339bf3e99d86ddcf33f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c3d11ef3bdf64339bf3e99d86ddcf33f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Iss 16, p 2663 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs18162663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18162663","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/18/16/2663/pdf?version=1786108343","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5351999998092651,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1517791304","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42530112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2480519056","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42375137","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4865276701","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42465007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6158022529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61805194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7201837607.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7201837607.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3022643593","https://openalex.org/W3165913287","https://openalex.org/W3201326108","https://openalex.org/W3215900571","https://openalex.org/W4308475456","https://openalex.org/W4315853546","https://openalex.org/W4318049486","https://openalex.org/W4321097811","https://openalex.org/W4386378107","https://openalex.org/W4387578224","https://openalex.org/W4391541721","https://openalex.org/W4394591746","https://openalex.org/W4397004525","https://openalex.org/W4402069156","https://openalex.org/W4402393505","https://openalex.org/W4402748752","https://openalex.org/W4416774574","https://openalex.org/W7133233229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2779729564","https://openalex.org/W7131287086","https://openalex.org/W3158187942","https://openalex.org/W6963491826","https://openalex.org/W7134060583","https://openalex.org/W4280535918","https://openalex.org/W7223568900","https://openalex.org/W2277302003","https://openalex.org/W1649711262","https://openalex.org/W4362560165"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Atmospheric":[0],"light":[1],"detection":[2],"and":[3,72,81,128,141,143,162,233],"ranging":[4],"(lidar)":[5],"measurements":[6],"of":[7,110,125,201],"the":[8,25,62,66,103,132,137,144,149,153,174,183,199,204,218],"attenuated":[9],"backscatter":[10],"coefficient":[11],"(ABSC)":[12],"form":[13],"high-dimensional":[14],"vertical":[15],"profiles":[16],"that":[17,211],"vary":[18],"across":[19],"multiple":[20],"temporal":[21,67,108],"scales.":[22,41],"Directly":[23],"processing":[24],"original":[26],"time-domain":[27],"sequence":[28,64],"with":[29,38,116],"a":[30,49,82,107],"single":[31],"prediction":[32],"structure":[33],"may":[34],"entangle":[35],"information":[36],"associated":[37],"these":[39,78,157],"different":[40],"To":[42],"address":[43],"this":[44],"issue,":[45],"we":[46],"propose":[47],"FFT-FDNet,":[48],"frequency-domain":[50],"decomposition":[51,214],"network":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54],"fast":[55],"Fourier":[56],"transform":[57],"(FFT).":[58],"FFT-FDNet":[59,113,135],"explicitly":[60],"decomposes":[61],"input":[63],"along":[65],"dimension":[68],"into":[69],"low-,":[70],"mid-,":[71],"high-frequency":[73,184],"components.":[74],"Branch-specific":[75],"predictors":[76],"model":[77],"components":[79],"separately,":[80],"learnable":[83],"fusion":[84],"layer":[85],"combines":[86],"their":[87],"outputs":[88],"to":[89],"forecast":[90,123,191],"future":[91],"ABSC":[92],"profiles.":[93],"Experiments":[94],"were":[95,159],"conducted":[96],"using":[97,227],"continuous":[98],"single-site":[99],"lidar":[100],"observations":[101],"from":[102,229],"Tokyo":[104,220],"station":[105],"at":[106,122,189],"resolution":[109],"15":[111],"min.":[112],"was":[114],"compared":[115],"eight":[117],"representative":[118],"time-series":[119],"forecasting":[120,223],"models":[121],"horizons":[124],"2,":[126],"4,":[127],"6":[129],"h.":[130],"Across":[131],"three":[133],"horizons,":[134],"achieved":[136],"lowest":[138],"mean":[139,146],"MAEstd":[140],"MSEstd":[142],"highest":[145],"R2":[147],"among":[148,203],"evaluated":[150,205],"methods.":[151],"At":[152],"2":[154],"h":[155],"horizon,":[156],"metrics":[158],"0.1221,":[160],"0.4116,":[161],"0.7505,":[163],"respectively.":[164],"The":[165,193],"ablation":[166],"results":[167,209],"showed":[168],"consistent":[169],"performance":[170],"degradation":[171],"after":[172],"removing":[173],"FFT":[175],"decomposition,":[176],"low-frequency":[177],"branch,":[178,181],"or":[179],"mid-frequency":[180],"whereas":[182],"branch":[185],"provided":[186],"modest":[187],"improvements":[188],"some":[190],"horizons.":[192],"frequency":[194],"band":[195],"sensitivity":[196],"analysis":[197],"supported":[198],"use":[200],"(\u03bd1,\u03bd2)=(0.10,0.45)":[202],"cutoff":[206],"combinations.":[207],"These":[208],"suggest":[210],"FFT-based":[212],"three-band":[213],"is":[215,236],"useful":[216],"for":[217],"present":[219],"single-station":[221],"short-term":[222],"case.":[224],"Further":[225],"validation":[226],"data":[228],"more":[230],"stations,":[231],"seasons,":[232],"aerosol":[234],"conditions":[235],"still":[237],"needed.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-29T07:29:34.045763","created_date":"2026-08-08T00:00:00"}