{"id":"https://openalex.org/W71975499","doi":null,"title":"Beyond Structure: Informal Accountability within Networks","display_name":"Beyond Structure: Informal Accountability within Networks","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W71975499","mag":"71975499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:71975499","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1916394_code1696470.pdf?abstractid=1900949&mirid=4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1916394_code1696470.pdf?abstractid=1900949&mirid=4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109259571","display_name":"Jocelyn M. Johnston","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","display_name":"University of Kansas","ror":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jocelyn M. Johnston","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kansas - Department of Public Administration"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kansas - Department of Public Administration","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056332070","display_name":"Kelly LeRoux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-5682","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-5682"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","display_name":"University of Kansas","ror":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kelly LeRoux","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kansas - Department of Public Administration"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-5682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kansas - Department of Public Administration","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060181607","display_name":"Barbara S. Romzek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181401687","display_name":"American University","ror":"https://ror.org/052w4zt36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara S. Romzek","raw_affiliation_strings":["American University School of Public Affairs"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University School of Public Affairs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042321871","display_name":"Jeannette M. Blackmar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeannette M. Blackmar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078232559","display_name":"Robin J. Kempf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1836-8431","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1836-8431"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin J. Kempf","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1836-8431","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11120","display_name":"Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12196","display_name":"Community Health and Development","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-delivery-networks","display_name":"service delivery networks","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-service-delivery","display_name":"social service delivery","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-welfare-services","display_name":"child welfare services","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-service-management","display_name":"public service management","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-norms","display_name":"organizational norms","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rewards-and-sanctions","display_name":"rewards and sanctions","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-position","display_name":"hierarchical position","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaboration","display_name":"collaboration","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goal-conflict","display_name":"goal conflict","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonprofit-organizations","display_name":"nonprofit organizations","score":0.5759999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.8822389245033264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.6351163387298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68595000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2274177","display_name":"Service delivery framework","level":3,"score":0.5435634851455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778069335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32098","display_name":"Sanctions","level":2,"score":0.5159311890602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776889888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135789","display_name":"Unintended consequences","level":2,"score":0.5048006772994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4642627239227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70760685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646293","display_name":"Informal organization","level":2,"score":0.43663543462753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4256134033203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775871377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157277","display_name":"Network governance","level":3,"score":0.41889142990112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3298036754131317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3296201229095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.2863411009311676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.20919188857078552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:71975499","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1916394_code1696470.pdf?abstractid=1900949&mirid=4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:71975499","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1916394_code1696470.pdf?abstractid=1900949&mirid=4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7297000288963318,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W353147407","https://openalex.org/W579382849","https://openalex.org/W617338162","https://openalex.org/W638526684","https://openalex.org/W1510050649","https://openalex.org/W1520641906","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1589399253","https://openalex.org/W1916918214","https://openalex.org/W1964914590","https://openalex.org/W1968454411","https://openalex.org/W1974491836","https://openalex.org/W1978934215","https://openalex.org/W1983145848","https://openalex.org/W1983391048","https://openalex.org/W1996392459","https://openalex.org/W2006021834","https://openalex.org/W2006427886","https://openalex.org/W2017558343","https://openalex.org/W2023269773","https://openalex.org/W2024997446","https://openalex.org/W2029676486","https://openalex.org/W2032401446","https://openalex.org/W2036725266","https://openalex.org/W2038790402","https://openalex.org/W2052432121","https://openalex.org/W2052595441","https://openalex.org/W2058869603","https://openalex.org/W2062691115","https://openalex.org/W2066252707","https://openalex.org/W2072252996","https://openalex.org/W2076284542","https://openalex.org/W2077494655","https://openalex.org/W2085081981","https://openalex.org/W2088854653","https://openalex.org/W2094736317","https://openalex.org/W2095530998","https://openalex.org/W2097809632","https://openalex.org/W2099795252","https://openalex.org/W2100310895","https://openalex.org/W2101482755","https://openalex.org/W2107755939","https://openalex.org/W2109379754","https://openalex.org/W2109550641","https://openalex.org/W2110506551","https://openalex.org/W2112314185","https://openalex.org/W2116828755","https://openalex.org/W2123992955","https://openalex.org/W2125715958","https://openalex.org/W2131846008","https://openalex.org/W2135715042","https://openalex.org/W2140724514","https://openalex.org/W2150195288","https://openalex.org/W2152371179","https://openalex.org/W2153943092","https://openalex.org/W2155337604","https://openalex.org/W2156182221","https://openalex.org/W2156259252","https://openalex.org/W2165126965","https://openalex.org/W2167596287","https://openalex.org/W2168207140","https://openalex.org/W2173568322","https://openalex.org/W2175118880","https://openalex.org/W2313048925","https://openalex.org/W2323234829","https://openalex.org/W2329395632","https://openalex.org/W2333218362","https://openalex.org/W2333554163","https://openalex.org/W2978012948","https://openalex.org/W3021350996","https://openalex.org/W3123050024","https://openalex.org/W3131118945","https://openalex.org/W4414064306"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2188768610","https://openalex.org/W2203618677","https://openalex.org/W2036220593","https://openalex.org/W2954184509","https://openalex.org/W2774475001","https://openalex.org/W2464953684","https://openalex.org/W4362646686","https://openalex.org/W2244055151","https://openalex.org/W4391867453","https://openalex.org/W2106349601"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Networks":[0],"have":[1],"become":[2],"commonplace":[3],"in":[4,15,105,180],"the":[5,16,43,171],"landscape":[6],"of":[7,18,24,98,126,145,152,194],"public":[8,128],"service":[9,20,63],"delivery,":[10],"and":[11,31,49,51,74,77,87,123,129,140,154,158,160,192,196,200],"are":[12,29],"especially":[13],"visible":[14],"arena":[17],"social":[19,62,103],"delivery.":[21],"The":[22,109],"challenges":[23,161],"providing":[25,101],"services":[26,104],"through":[27],"networks":[28,65,100],"multiple":[30],"inter-related":[32],"including":[33],"goal":[34],"conflict,":[35],"incompatible":[36],"organizational":[37],"cultures,":[38],"competition":[39],"for":[40,84,174],"scarce":[41],"resources,":[42],"need":[44],"to":[45,162,178],"maneuver":[46],"both":[47],"laterally":[48],"vertically,":[50],"staff":[52],"instability.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"summarizes":[56],"research":[57],"on":[58,185],"how":[59,75],"managers":[60],"within":[61],"delivery":[64],"meet":[66],"these":[67],"challenges.":[68],"In":[69,169],"particular,":[70],"we":[71,94],"explore":[72],"whether":[73],"individuals":[76],"organizations":[78,131],"informally":[79],"hold":[80],"one":[81],"another":[82],"accountable":[83],"network":[85,149],"operations":[86],"objectives.":[88],"Using":[89],"a":[90,188],"grounded":[91],"theory":[92],"approach,":[93],"examine":[95],"three":[96,106,135],"cases":[97],"county-level":[99],"children\u2019s":[102],"different":[107],"states.":[108],"data":[110,138,172],"that":[111],"inform":[112],"our":[113,134],"analysis":[114],"come":[115],"from":[116],"semi-structured":[117],"interviews":[118],"with":[119],"35":[120],"executive,":[121],"mid-level,":[122],"street-level":[124],"personnel":[125],"28":[127],"nonprofit":[130],"represented":[132],"by":[133],"cases.":[136],"Our":[137],"confirm":[139],"refine":[141],"an":[142],"earlier":[143],"model":[144],"informal":[146,163,181,201],"accountability":[147,164,182,202],"among":[148],"actors,":[150],"comprised":[151],"norms":[153],"facilitative":[155],"behaviors,":[156],"rewards":[157],"sanctions,":[159],"(Romzek":[165],"et":[166],"al.":[167],"forthcoming).":[168],"addition,":[170],"collected":[173],"this":[175],"study":[176],"point":[177],"differences":[179],"dynamics":[183],"based":[184],"hierarchical":[186],"position,":[187],"gap":[189],"between":[190,198],"rhetoric":[191],"reality":[193],"collaboration,":[195],"tensions":[197],"formal":[199],"systems.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
