{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7172525652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","title":"Experimental evaluation and multi-objective optimization of hybrid steel\u2013shape memory alloy fiber reinforced concrete for enhanced mechanical and microstructural performance","display_name":"Experimental evaluation and multi-objective optimization of hybrid steel\u2013shape memory alloy fiber reinforced concrete for enhanced mechanical and microstructural performance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7172525652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3165308179","display_name":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science","issn_l":"1110-1903","issn":["1110-1903","2536-9512"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120168110","display_name":"N. Meenalochani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70764227","display_name":"Indus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ehk1n67","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70764227"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Meenalochani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering, Indus University, Ahmedabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering, Indus University, Ahmedabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009191504","display_name":"Ankit Sodha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-2198","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-2198"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70764227","display_name":"Indus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ehk1n67","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70764227"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankit Sodha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering, Indus University, Ahmedabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering, Indus University, Ahmedabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045039932","display_name":"Payal Mehta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2037-1357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2037-1357"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70764227","display_name":"Indus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ehk1n67","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70764227"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Payal Mehta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering, Indus University, Ahmedabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering, Indus University, Ahmedabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5120168110"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764227"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10479","display_name":"Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12102","display_name":"Fire effects on concrete materials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-reinforced-concrete","display_name":"fiber-reinforced concrete","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steel-fibers","display_name":"steel fibers","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"multi-objective optimization","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nsga-iii","display_name":"NSGA-III","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-surface-methodology","display_name":"response surface methodology","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"compressive strength","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/splitting-tensile-strength","display_name":"splitting tensile strength","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexural-strength","display_name":"flexural strength","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bond-strength","display_name":"bond strength","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elastic-modulus","display_name":"elastic modulus","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-matrix-interface","display_name":"fiber-matrix interface","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfacial-transition-zone","display_name":"interfacial transition zone","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crack-bridging","display_name":"crack bridging","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/m40-concrete","display_name":"M40 concrete","score":0.6800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8432000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178405089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201","display_name":"Flexural strength","level":2,"score":0.6948999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6470999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.6456999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779016933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397403","display_name":"Fiber-reinforced concrete","level":3,"score":0.5882999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49097943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898455","display_name":"Shape-memory alloy","level":2,"score":0.5652999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.5160999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.43130001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50897621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665508","display_name":"Hybrid system","level":2,"score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196029304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2091584","display_name":"Young's modulus","level":2,"score":0.37540000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37756","display_name":"Alloy","level":2,"score":0.37459999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193867417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889814","display_name":"Modulus","level":2,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161921814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493743","display_name":"SMA*","level":2,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C809718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5459047","display_name":"Flexural modulus","level":3,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31555180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3523867","display_name":"Material properties","level":2,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43486711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192005","display_name":"Elastic modulus","level":2,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988805333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184190","display_name":"Reinforced concrete","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781191127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250196","display_name":"Properties of concrete","level":3,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180016635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712821","display_name":"Compression (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200070095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1297687","display_name":"Structural material","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73099012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5459050","display_name":"Flexural rigidity","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3165308179","display_name":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science","issn_l":"1110-1903","issn":["1110-1903","2536-9512"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a53dde0d908e40caae2fe88c63d68b54","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a53dde0d908e40caae2fe88c63d68b54","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, Vol 73, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s44147-026-01158-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3165308179","display_name":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science","issn_l":"1110-1903","issn":["1110-1903","2536-9512"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7172525652.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7172525652.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W787281423","https://openalex.org/W1470436143","https://openalex.org/W2010403208","https://openalex.org/W2022485595","https://openalex.org/W2039759734","https://openalex.org/W2052034025","https://openalex.org/W2091847867","https://openalex.org/W2092657207","https://openalex.org/W2095485699","https://openalex.org/W2330198871","https://openalex.org/W2425814708","https://openalex.org/W2467006684","https://openalex.org/W2602852854","https://openalex.org/W2736112913","https://openalex.org/W2800097493","https://openalex.org/W2894804014","https://openalex.org/W2903453150","https://openalex.org/W2904580854","https://openalex.org/W2929073361","https://openalex.org/W3021250108","https://openalex.org/W3168095554","https://openalex.org/W3173802516","https://openalex.org/W3198252142","https://openalex.org/W3199460624","https://openalex.org/W3212499799","https://openalex.org/W4200487481","https://openalex.org/W4225249670","https://openalex.org/W4283661278","https://openalex.org/W4322501332","https://openalex.org/W4323565530","https://openalex.org/W4324346040","https://openalex.org/W4361225605","https://openalex.org/W4380354104","https://openalex.org/W4385349854","https://openalex.org/W4386423101","https://openalex.org/W4388011558","https://openalex.org/W4389437991","https://openalex.org/W4394678862","https://openalex.org/W4399432151","https://openalex.org/W4399674472","https://openalex.org/W4401154542","https://openalex.org/W4402129045","https://openalex.org/W4404983295","https://openalex.org/W4405197808","https://openalex.org/W4406189952","https://openalex.org/W4406572154","https://openalex.org/W4406843038","https://openalex.org/W4408055595","https://openalex.org/W4409274888","https://openalex.org/W4411580085","https://openalex.org/W4411838394","https://openalex.org/W4412372891","https://openalex.org/W4412547443","https://openalex.org/W4412725743","https://openalex.org/W4413989911","https://openalex.org/W7130313576","https://openalex.org/W7135079642"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4417000320","https://openalex.org/W4407203177","https://openalex.org/W4408906674","https://openalex.org/W7205004543","https://openalex.org/W4225006126","https://openalex.org/W2363434066","https://openalex.org/W4410899325","https://openalex.org/W2185022792","https://openalex.org/W2793566910","https://openalex.org/W7217131793"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2,185],"presents":[3],"a":[4,127,187],"comprehensive":[5],"experimental":[6],"investigation":[7],"and":[8,26,38,46,62,70,82,103,112,120,126,146,176],"multi-objective":[9],"optimization":[10,139,178],"of":[11,44,64],"Hybrid":[12],"Steel\u2013Shape":[13],"Memory":[14],"Alloy":[15],"Fiber":[16],"Reinforced":[17],"Concrete":[18],"(HS\u2013SMA":[19],"FRC)":[20],"designed":[21],"to":[22,109,150,169],"enhance":[23],"mechanical":[24,135],"performance":[25,155],"material":[27,162],"efficiency.":[28],"M40-grade":[29],"concrete":[30,196],"mixes":[31],"incorporating":[32],"steel":[33],"fibers,":[34,37],"NiTi-based":[35],"SMA":[36],"hybrid":[39,77,138,193],"combinations":[40],"at":[41,68],"volume":[42],"fractions":[43],"0.5%":[45],"0.75%":[47,87],"were":[48,66],"evaluated.":[49],"Mechanical":[50],"properties,":[51],"including":[52],"compressive":[53,94],"strength,":[54,57,59,61],"split":[55,98],"tensile":[56,99],"flexural":[58,104],"bond":[60],"modulus":[63],"elasticity,":[65],"assessed":[67],"7":[69],"28":[71],"days.":[72],"The":[73,184],"results":[74,159,179],"indicate":[75],"that":[76],"fiber":[78,194],"systems":[79],"outperform":[80],"mono-fiber":[81],"control":[83],"mixes,":[84],"with":[85,157,197],"the":[86,92,133,165,177],"HS\u2013SMA":[88],"FRC":[89],"mix":[90],"achieving":[91],"highest":[93],"strength":[95,100,105],"(64.25":[96],"MPa),":[97,102,107],"(10.80":[101],"(12.5":[106],"attributed":[108],"synergistic":[110],"crack-bridging":[111],"stress":[113],"redistribution":[114],"mechanisms.":[115],"Microstructural":[116],"observations":[117],"using":[118],"SEM":[119],"EDS":[121],"suggest":[122],"improved":[123],"fiber\u2013matrix":[124],"bonding":[125],"denser":[128],"interfacial":[129],"transition":[130],"zone,":[131],"supporting":[132],"observed":[134],"enhancements.":[136],"A":[137],"framework":[140],"combining":[141],"Response":[142],"Surface":[143],"Methodology":[144],"(RSM)":[145],"NSGA-III":[147],"was":[148],"implemented":[149],"identify":[151],"optimal":[152],"trade-offs":[153],"among":[154],"parameters,":[156],"model-predicted":[158],"indicating":[160],"efficient":[161],"configurations.":[163],"However,":[164],"findings":[166],"are":[167,180],"limited":[168],"material-level":[170],"behavior":[171],"under":[172],"monotonic":[173],"loading":[174],"conditions,":[175],"not":[181],"experimentally":[182],"validated.":[183],"provides":[186],"robust":[188],"foundation":[189],"for":[190],"developing":[191],"high-performance":[192],"reinforced":[195],"potential":[198],"applicability":[199],"in":[200],"advanced":[201],"structural":[202],"systems.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-08-06T00:00:00"}