{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7172392212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.00834","title":"Qualification pathways for Photonic Integrated Circuits in Astrophotonic Space Missions","display_name":"Qualification pathways for Photonic Integrated Circuits in Astrophotonic Space Missions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7172392212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.00834"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.00834","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.00834","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.00834","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.00834","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080928348","display_name":"Kalaga V. Madhav","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-7137","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-7137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799713863","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03mrbr458","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madhav, Kalaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Astrophotonics (innoFSPEC) , Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) , An der Sternwarte 16 , 14482 Potsdam , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Astrophotonics (innoFSPEC) , Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) , An der Sternwarte 16 , 14482 Potsdam , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033387650","display_name":"Aashia Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7563-0304","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7563-0304"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799713863","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03mrbr458","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahman, Aashia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Astrophotonics (innoFSPEC) , Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) , An der Sternwarte 16 , 14482 Potsdam , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Astrophotonics (innoFSPEC) , Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) , An der Sternwarte 16 , 14482 Potsdam , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076390212","display_name":"M\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00c1d\u00e1mkovics","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-0938","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-0938"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287521167","display_name":"Lockheed Martin (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/026er9r08","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c1d\u00e1mkovics, M\u00e1t\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center , Palo Alto , California , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center , Palo Alto , California , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13436","display_name":"Space Technology and Applications","score":0.39500001072883606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13436","display_name":"Space Technology and Applications","score":0.39500001072883606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12917","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","score":0.19689999520778656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.12549999356269836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-integrated-circuits","display_name":"photonic integrated circuits","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-qualification","display_name":"space qualification","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophotonics","display_name":"astrophotonics","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arrayed-waveguide-grating","display_name":"arrayed waveguide grating","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-lantern","display_name":"photonic lantern","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"fiber Bragg grating","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrograph","display_name":"spectrograph","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-effects","display_name":"radiation effects","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-readiness-level","display_name":"technology readiness level","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-satellites","display_name":"small satellites","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/size-weight-and-power-reduction","display_name":"size, weight, and power reduction","score":0.6150000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.6085000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22799297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q523846","display_name":"Photonic integrated circuit","level":3,"score":0.5504000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104060986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180046","display_name":"Space exploration","level":2,"score":0.5468000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.4661000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.4172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40610000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.39309999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77304879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211485","display_name":"Space technology","level":2,"score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984692560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q523846","display_name":"Integrated optics","level":2,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177454536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578290","display_name":"Emphasis (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107683887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782466","display_name":"Integration testing","level":3,"score":0.3107999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777943292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3319996","display_name":"Flight test","level":2,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200687136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11233438","display_name":"Waveguide","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187107819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835696","display_name":"NASA Deep Space Network","level":3,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14116294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174334","display_name":"Breadboard","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134835016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690265","display_name":"Lookup table","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.00834","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.00834","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.00834","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2608.00834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.00834","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.00834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.00834","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.00834","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.00834","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324094","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7172392212.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7172392212.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2735555743","https://openalex.org/W2949324818","https://openalex.org/W3017022793","https://openalex.org/W3135439207","https://openalex.org/W3157305293","https://openalex.org/W3178677311","https://openalex.org/W3205390399","https://openalex.org/W4206185205","https://openalex.org/W4327701529","https://openalex.org/W4384661606","https://openalex.org/W4386829390","https://openalex.org/W4388963801","https://openalex.org/W4393538306","https://openalex.org/W4394718210","https://openalex.org/W4401938256","https://openalex.org/W4409254942","https://openalex.org/W4414433702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7166872066","https://openalex.org/W4412835252","https://openalex.org/W2521675696","https://openalex.org/W3197719728","https://openalex.org/W3174889640","https://openalex.org/W4405803576","https://openalex.org/W7005127041","https://openalex.org/W4385655742","https://openalex.org/W4327701529","https://openalex.org/W2963301955"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photonic":[0],"integrated":[1,58],"circuits":[2],"(PICs)":[3],"promise":[4],"order-of-magnitude":[5],"reductions":[6],"in":[7],"the":[8,32,114,154],"size,":[9],"weight":[10],"and":[11,20,35,57,68,83,96,118,130,133,141,150,173,190],"power":[12],"(SWaP)":[13],"of":[14,123,194],"optical":[15],"subsystems":[16],"for":[17,66],"astronomy,":[18],"planetary":[19],"Earth-observation":[21],"missions,":[22],"yet":[23],"no":[24],"PIC-specific":[25],"space-qualification":[26],"standard":[27,77],"exists.":[28],"This":[29],"paper":[30],"consolidates":[31],"principal":[33],"NASA":[34],"ESA":[36],"qualification":[37,73,163,179],"documents":[38],"that":[39,184],"apply,":[40],"or":[41],"can":[42],"be":[43],"tailored,":[44],"to":[45,182],"astrophotonic":[46],"PICs":[47,183],"---":[48,91,101],"arrayed":[49],"waveguide":[50],"gratings,":[51,56],"photonic":[52],"lanterns,":[53],"fibre":[54],"Bragg":[55],"beam":[59,63],"combiners":[60],"(ABCD,":[61],"discrete":[62],"combiners,":[64],"nullers)":[65],"spectrographs":[67],"stellar":[69],"interferometers.":[70],"A":[71,121],"master":[72],"table":[74],"lists":[75],"19":[76],"test":[78,85,171],"steps":[79],"with":[80,166],"applicable":[81],"standards":[82,186],"EU/USA":[84],"facilities.":[86],"Two":[87],"reference":[88],"mission":[89],"profiles":[90],"a":[92,103,107,134,161],"LEO":[93],"smallsat":[94],"demonstrator":[95],"an":[97],"HWO-class":[98],"Lagrange-2":[99],"flagship":[100],"yield":[102],"tailoring":[104],"matrix,":[105],"while":[106,147],"TRL-versus-test-coverage":[108],"roadmap":[109],"maps":[110],"each":[111],"activity":[112],"onto":[113],"NASA/ESA":[115],"readiness":[116],"levels":[117],"review":[119],"gates.":[120],"survey":[122],"UV/visible/near-infrared":[124],"platforms":[125],"relates":[126],"spectral":[127],"coverage,":[128],"maturity":[129],"flight":[131,196],"heritage,":[132],"radiation-effects":[135],"summary":[136],"shows":[137],"passive":[138],"silica,":[139],"Si3N4":[140],"laser-written":[142],"cores":[143],"are":[144],"essentially":[145],"radiation-tolerant":[146],"active":[148],"III--V":[149],"Ge":[151],"devices":[152],"carry":[153],"hardness":[155],"burden.":[156],"The":[157],"central":[158],"outcome":[159],"is":[160],"seven-phase":[162],"template":[164],"(PIC-SQT)":[165],"explicit":[167],"TRL":[168],"gates,":[169],"exact":[170],"procedures":[172],"mission-class":[174],"tailoring;":[175],"we":[176],"further":[177],"identify":[178],"processes":[180],"relevant":[181],"current":[185],"do":[187],"not":[188],"cover,":[189],"document":[191],"40+":[192],"years":[193],"optical-fibre":[195],"heritage.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-08-05T00:00:00"}