{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7171237139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","title":"Governance Capacity and STCW Compliance in Maritime Education: A PCA\u2013FASTCLUS Approach","display_name":"Governance Capacity and STCW Compliance in Maritime Education: A PCA\u2013FASTCLUS Approach","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7171237139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.ibik.ac.id/index.php/jimkes/article/download/5307/3553","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180788","display_name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan","issn_l":"2337-7860","issn":["2337-7860","2721-169X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153898","host_organization_name":"Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jurnal.ibik.ac.id/index.php/jimkes/article/download/5307/3553","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091373464","display_name":"Antonius Edy Kristiyono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-2496","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-2496"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259451","display_name":"Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya","ror":"https://ror.org/028v8mq79","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259451"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonius Edy Kristiyono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126280316","display_name":"Ariyono Setiawan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-9688","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-9688"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259451","display_name":"Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya","ror":"https://ror.org/028v8mq79","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259451"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ariyono Setiawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035935678","display_name":"Iie Suwondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7624-5640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7624-5640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259451","display_name":"Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya","ror":"https://ror.org/028v8mq79","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259451"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iie Suwondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007984580","display_name":"Warju Warju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7005-6120","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7005-6120"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23758234","display_name":"Universitas Negeri Surabaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01jf74q70","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23758234"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Warju Warju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23758234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116143267","display_name":"Deshinta Arrova Dewi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1488-7696","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1488-7696"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12649496","display_name":"INTI International University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fj82m46","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12649496"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deshinta Arrova Dewi","raw_affiliation_strings":["INTI International University, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INTI International University, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12649496"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"3259","last_page":"3272"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14412","display_name":"Marine and Coastal Research","score":0.36329999566078186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14412","display_name":"Marine and Coastal Research","score":0.36329999566078186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11622","display_name":"Maritime Navigation and Safety","score":0.2671000063419342,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12185","display_name":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","score":0.10279999673366547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/governance-capacity","display_name":"governance capacity","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seafarer-training","display_name":"seafarer training","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-capacity","display_name":"institutional capacity","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-availability","display_name":"resource availability","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maritime-safety","display_name":"maritime safety","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacity-building","display_name":"capacity building","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-heterogeneity","display_name":"institutional heterogeneity","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia","display_name":"Indonesia","score":0.41100001335144043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.7098000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.6772000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6036999821662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.4805999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187029079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958679","display_name":"Cognitive reframing","level":2,"score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.43950000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.36059999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.32739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147887874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16252774","display_name":"Institutional theory","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5911748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4072285","display_name":"Conformity assessment","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780526558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345314","display_name":"Good governance","level":3,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200707436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053211","display_name":"Principal\u2013agent problem","level":3,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.ibik.ac.id/index.php/jimkes/article/download/5307/3553","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180788","display_name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan","issn_l":"2337-7860","issn":["2337-7860","2721-169X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153898","host_organization_name":"Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i4.5307","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.ibik.ac.id/index.php/jimkes/article/download/5307/3553","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180788","display_name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan","issn_l":"2337-7860","issn":["2337-7860","2721-169X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153898","host_organization_name":"Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8278999924659729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6207000017166138,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7171237139.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7171237139.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2603503338","https://openalex.org/W3035760432","https://openalex.org/W3156537334","https://openalex.org/W3168673985","https://openalex.org/W3172694245","https://openalex.org/W3182482226","https://openalex.org/W4214501474","https://openalex.org/W4226296512","https://openalex.org/W4285229764","https://openalex.org/W4293917978","https://openalex.org/W4310016453","https://openalex.org/W4361273765","https://openalex.org/W4377157859","https://openalex.org/W4387816131","https://openalex.org/W4389399378","https://openalex.org/W4394733707","https://openalex.org/W4395674757","https://openalex.org/W4401034387","https://openalex.org/W4401598446","https://openalex.org/W4401824926","https://openalex.org/W4403335234","https://openalex.org/W4407560045","https://openalex.org/W4408458065","https://openalex.org/W4409705211","https://openalex.org/W4410117297","https://openalex.org/W4410498286","https://openalex.org/W4410747885","https://openalex.org/W4412191011","https://openalex.org/W4414032137","https://openalex.org/W4414763197","https://openalex.org/W4415603833","https://openalex.org/W7116752063","https://openalex.org/W7117110399","https://openalex.org/W7129058274","https://openalex.org/W7130312003","https://openalex.org/W7159658274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7204659589","https://openalex.org/W7223055745","https://openalex.org/W4313358769","https://openalex.org/W2228045185","https://openalex.org/W7223069059","https://openalex.org/W7217609258","https://openalex.org/W4310043590","https://openalex.org/W7220997649","https://openalex.org/W4384455587","https://openalex.org/W2603503338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Maritime":[0],"accidents":[1],"remain":[2],"influenced":[3],"by":[4,146],"human":[5],"and":[6,20,75,82,94,149,160],"institutional":[7,52,83,157],"factors":[8],"despite":[9],"strengthened":[10],"global":[11],"regulations.":[12],"However,":[13],"variations":[14],"in":[15,62,172],"Standards":[16],"of":[17,110],"Training,":[18],"Certification,":[19],"Watchkeeping":[21],"for":[22,107,164],"Seafarers":[23],"(STCW)":[24],"compliance":[25,32,48,116,130,154,167],"across":[26],"maritime":[27,59,173],"education":[28,60,174],"institutions":[29,61,118],"indicate":[30],"that":[31,88,129],"alone":[33],"does":[34],"not":[35],"fully":[36],"explain":[37],"safety":[38],"readiness.":[39],"This":[40],"study":[41,65,144],"examines":[42],"how":[43],"governance":[44,121],"capacity":[45,170],"shapes":[46],"STCW":[47],"as":[49,134,155],"an":[50,156],"intermediate":[51],"capability.":[53],"Using":[54],"survey":[55],"data":[56],"from":[57,166],"109":[58],"Indonesia,":[63],"this":[64],"applies":[66],"Principal":[67],"Component":[68],"Analysis":[69],"(PCA),":[70],"multiple":[71],"regression,":[72],"\u0394R\u00b2":[73],"analysis,":[74],"FASTCLUS":[76],"clustering":[77],"to":[78,152,169],"capture":[79],"structural":[80],"priorities":[81],"heterogeneity.":[84,125],"The":[85,143],"results":[86],"show":[87],"resource":[89],"availability":[90],"(\u03b2":[91,97],"\u2248":[92,98],"0.31)":[93],"implementer":[95],"disposition":[96],"0.27)":[99],"are":[100],"the":[101,111],"most":[102],"influential":[103],"factors,":[104],"jointly":[105],"accounting":[106],"over":[108],"59%":[109],"explained":[112],"variance.":[113],"Despite":[114],"similar":[115],"levels,":[117],"exhibit":[119],"different":[120],"configurations,":[122],"indicating":[123],"latent":[124],"These":[126],"findings":[127],"suggest":[128],"should":[131],"be":[132],"interpreted":[133],"a":[135,140],"capacity-driven":[136],"process":[137],"rather":[138],"than":[139],"procedural":[141],"endpoint.":[142],"contributes":[145],"integrating":[147],"multivariate":[148],"configurational":[150],"approaches":[151],"reframe":[153],"capability":[158],"mechanism":[159],"provides":[161],"policy":[162],"implications":[163],"shifting":[165],"enforcement":[168],"development":[171],"systems.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-07-26T00:00:00"}
