{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7170940652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009783743.005","title":"The Middle Eastern and North African Variation","display_name":"The Middle Eastern and North African Variation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7170940652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009783743.005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/9781009783743.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009783743.005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009783743.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Geography of Power","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7170891817","display_name":"The Geography of Power"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009662300","display_name":"William R. Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-4593","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-4593"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William R. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046919908","display_name":"Leila Zakhirova","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114526571","display_name":"Concordia College - Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/00ppb2x90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114526571"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leila Zakhirova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia College, Moorhead, Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia College, Moorhead, Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114526571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6535153,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"142","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12890","display_name":"Eurasian Exchange Networks","score":0.8711000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12890","display_name":"Eurasian Exchange Networks","score":0.8711000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13210","display_name":"Historical Turkish Studies","score":0.04809999838471413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12999","display_name":"Medieval History and Crusades","score":0.04270000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eurasian-steppe","display_name":"Eurasian steppe","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muslim-conquests","display_name":"Islamic expansion","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slave-soldiers","display_name":"slave soldiers","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkic-migration","display_name":"Turkic migration","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seljuk-turks","display_name":"Seljuk Turks","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ottoman-empire","display_name":"Ottoman Empire","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatolia","display_name":"Anatolia","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persia","display_name":"Persia","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-eurasia","display_name":"Central Eurasia","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperialism","display_name":"imperialism","score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-east","display_name":"Middle East","score":0.6269999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3651065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7204","display_name":"Middle East","level":2,"score":0.8011000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143128703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12554","display_name":"Middle Ages","level":2,"score":0.5485000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780175911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013404","display_name":"CONQUEST","level":2,"score":0.5354999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5281999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4445939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432","display_name":"Islam","level":2,"score":0.5134999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017485454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27275","display_name":"Central asia","level":2,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.49239999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105895522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123991","display_name":"Steppe","level":2,"score":0.4505000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75699723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748","display_name":"Buddhism","level":2,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.36660000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99000247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42225","display_name":"Far East","level":2,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775987171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192797","display_name":"Elite","level":3,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777830688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164142","display_name":"Protectorate","level":3,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9836676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10450","display_name":"Indus","level":3,"score":0.27799999713897705}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/9781009783743.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009783743.005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009783743.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Geography of Power","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205336518","https://openalex.org/W7058326334","https://openalex.org/W7170920455","https://openalex.org/W7219441664","https://openalex.org/W3096676575","https://openalex.org/W2488727095","https://openalex.org/W1570972389","https://openalex.org/W2486256452","https://openalex.org/W2904491084","https://openalex.org/W7170966460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Middle":[1,66,84,102],"East/North":[2],"African":[3],"variant":[4],"of":[5,10,43,59,82,95,131,145],"the":[6,22,28,41,44,52,65,75,83,88,93,101,105,110,125,132,151],"raiding/conquest":[7],"argument":[8],"consists":[9],"five":[11],"components:":[12],"First":[13],"and":[14,17,35,50,115],"second,":[15],"Anatolia":[16,140],"Persia/Iran":[18],"participated":[19],"directly":[20],"in":[21,46,114],"Eurasian":[23],"steppe":[24],"effect":[25],"dynamic,":[26],"but":[27],"region":[29],"had":[30,137],"already":[31],"experienced":[32],"nomadic-sedentary":[33,60],"conflicts":[34],"imperial":[36],"conquest":[37],"many":[38],"centuries":[39],"before":[40],"emergence":[42],"phenomenon":[45,91],"central":[47],"Eurasia,":[48],"Third":[49],"fourth,":[51],"Islamic":[53],"expansion":[54],"generated":[55],"a":[56],"separate":[57],"type":[58],"conflict":[61],"that":[62,71,79,148],"further":[63],"united":[64],"East":[67,103],"with":[68,87],"Central":[69,98,133],"Eurasia":[70],"also":[72],"put":[73],"forward":[74],"slave":[76,89],"soldier":[77,90],"dependence":[78],"became":[80],"characteristic":[81],"East.":[85],"Overlapping":[86],"was":[92],"movement":[94],"Turks":[96,112,135],"from":[97,104],"Asia":[99],"towards":[100],"tenth":[106],"century":[107],"on.":[108],"First,":[109],"Seljuk":[111],"moved":[113,138],"were":[116],"followed":[117],"later":[118],"by":[119,129],"groups":[120],"fleeing":[121],"Mongol":[122],"pressures.":[123],"Fifth,":[124],"Ottoman":[126],"Empire,":[127],"founded":[128],"some":[130],"Asian":[134],"who":[136],"into":[139,150],"earlier,":[141],"provided":[142],"an":[143],"extension":[144],"Eurasian-style":[146],"imperialism":[147],"lasted":[149],"early":[152],"twentieth":[153],"century.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-07-25T00:00:00"}
