{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7170045652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","title":"Nucleus basalis of Meynert integrity is associated with cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson\u2019s disease independently of locus coeruleus degeneration","display_name":"Nucleus basalis of Meynert integrity is associated with cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson\u2019s disease independently of locus coeruleus degeneration","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7170045652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/06/2026.07.21.26358398.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/06/2026.07.21.26358398.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075666655","display_name":"Alexander S. Bailey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5586-6923","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5586-6923"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I2801766832","https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Bailey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5586-6923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032218633","display_name":"Etienne St\u2010Onge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-4947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-4947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I2801766832","https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33217400","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec en Outaouais","ror":"https://ror.org/011pqxa69","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33217400","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Etienne St-Onge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec en Outaouais, Saint-J\u00e9r\u00f4me, Quebec, Canada","Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec en Outaouais, Saint-J\u00e9r\u00f4me, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33217400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065643514","display_name":"Victoria Madge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2027-2911","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2027-2911"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I2801766832","https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Madge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031607357","display_name":"Neda Shafiee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1336-5231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1336-5231"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I2801766832","https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neda Shafiee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1336-5231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106235760","display_name":"Jean\u2010Fran\u00e7ois Gagnon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1132-0563","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1132-0563"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159129438","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/002rjbv21","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Gagnon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159129438"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054295358","display_name":"Alain Dagher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-5779","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-5779"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I2801766832","https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alain Dagher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002382046","display_name":"D. L. Collins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8432-7021","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8432-7021"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I2801766832","https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Louis Collins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052267248","display_name":"Madeleine E. Sharp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-9128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-9128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I2801766832","https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madeleine Sharp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075666655"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleus-basalis-of-meynert","display_name":"nucleus basalis of Meynert","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-impairment","display_name":"cognitive impairment","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-function","display_name":"executive function","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substantia-nigra-degeneration","display_name":"substantia nigra degeneration","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholinergic-neurons","display_name":"cholinergic neurons","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-diffusivity","display_name":"mean diffusivity","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromelanin-mri","display_name":"neuromelanin-sensitive MRI","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegeneration","display_name":"neurodegeneration","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attention","display_name":"attention","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory","display_name":"memory","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"early-stage Parkinson's disease","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructural-changes","display_name":"microstructural changes","score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuropsychological-assessment","display_name":"neuropsychological assessment","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion-weighted-imaging","display_name":"diffusion-weighted imaging","score":0.7250000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813830","display_name":"Nucleus basalis","level":4,"score":0.9703999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43310041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981297","display_name":"Neuromelanin","level":5,"score":0.968500018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778468602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1470452","display_name":"Locus coeruleus","level":3,"score":0.8798999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780938664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753278","display_name":"Substantia nigra","level":4,"score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14216870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3872","display_name":"Neuropsychology","level":3,"score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779354088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15467261","display_name":"Degeneration (medical)","level":2,"score":0.4948999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779985164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419936","display_name":"Executive dysfunction","level":4,"score":0.4885999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4805999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.476500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.40119999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22885893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4862743","display_name":"Cholinergic","level":2,"score":0.38269999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104966671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12167532","display_name":"Cholinergic neuron","level":3,"score":0.3732999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16568411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83042","display_name":"Neurology","level":2,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3490999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775968953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783092","display_name":"Executive functions","level":3,"score":0.3483999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88576662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18646","display_name":"Episodic memory","level":3,"score":0.3391999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984863031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Cognitive decline","level":4,"score":0.3206999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776811091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3818443","display_name":"Neuropsychological test","level":4,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781423529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132309","display_name":"Caudate nucleus","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777427615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954257","display_name":"Degenerative disease","level":3,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84597430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106227","display_name":"Locus (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062122","display_name":"Central nervous system disease","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185711340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347381","display_name":"Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance","level":3,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/06/2026.07.21.26358398.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.21.26358398","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/06/2026.07.21.26358398.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310638","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326644","display_name":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01ktx4s83"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01gavpb45"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7170045652.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7170045652.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1684804779","https://openalex.org/W1999068634","https://openalex.org/W2013854477","https://openalex.org/W2019361862","https://openalex.org/W2030325164","https://openalex.org/W2042250149","https://openalex.org/W2046286339","https://openalex.org/W2062791478","https://openalex.org/W2073449985","https://openalex.org/W2098732596","https://openalex.org/W2121333382","https://openalex.org/W2127309075","https://openalex.org/W2136145485","https://openalex.org/W2156013560","https://openalex.org/W2161093157","https://openalex.org/W2165758561","https://openalex.org/W2507089309","https://openalex.org/W2593272776","https://openalex.org/W2792635754","https://openalex.org/W2905472964","https://openalex.org/W2927626822","https://openalex.org/W2948362022","https://openalex.org/W2970898057","https://openalex.org/W2979918279","https://openalex.org/W3094673025","https://openalex.org/W3171431574","https://openalex.org/W3173905381","https://openalex.org/W3190985124","https://openalex.org/W4225127155","https://openalex.org/W4307347541","https://openalex.org/W4365147931","https://openalex.org/W4389886696","https://openalex.org/W4399725949","https://openalex.org/W4400523839","https://openalex.org/W4403100919","https://openalex.org/W4404561748","https://openalex.org/W4407548420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7033724346","https://openalex.org/W3177550911","https://openalex.org/W4405930373","https://openalex.org/W2792635754","https://openalex.org/W4410130847","https://openalex.org/W4386070505","https://openalex.org/W2777599513","https://openalex.org/W4385376312","https://openalex.org/W4379348081","https://openalex.org/W7223052610"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Background":[1],"Degeneration":[2],"in":[3,19,60,133,153,208,229,240,243,257,277,284,345,350,363,397],"the":[4,33,37,42,86,92,154,196,247,285,300,304,309,334,337,367,393,398],"cholinergic":[5,282,399],"nucleus":[6,286],"basalis":[7,287],"of":[8,36,85,91,101,246,249,281,288,303,327,336,354,366,369,395],"Meynert":[9,289],"(nbM)":[10],"is":[11,25,30,50,264,292,297,317,330],"thought":[12],"to":[13,15,52,319],"contribute":[14],"early":[16],"cognitive":[17,271,416],"deficits":[18,272],"Parkinson\u2019s":[20],"disease":[21],"(PD).":[22],"However,":[23],"it":[24,291],"unknown":[26,293],"whether":[27,47,294,314],"this":[28,48,268,295,315,322,375],"relationship":[29,49,197,296,316],"confounded":[31,298],"by":[32,299],"parallel":[34,301],"degeneration":[35,152,280,302,396],"substantia":[38,305],"nigra":[39,306],"(SN)":[40,307],"and":[41,46,68,77,88,94,112,156,176,202,252,308,313,340,371,400,408],"locus":[43,310],"coeruleus":[44,311],"(LC),":[45,312],"unique":[51,238,318],"PD.":[53,320],"Methods":[54],"We":[55,347],"conducted":[56],"a":[57,121,254],"cross-sectional":[58],"analysis":[59],"112":[61],"PD":[62,110,134,209,258],"patients":[63,111,135],"(disease":[64],"duration":[65],"<10":[66],"years)":[67],"46":[69],"controls":[70,113,211],"who":[71],"underwent":[72],"standard":[73],"neuropsychological":[74],"testing,":[75],"diffusion-weighted":[76],"neuromelanin":[78,89],"magnetic":[79],"resonance":[80],"imaging.":[81],"Mean":[82],"diffusivity":[83],"(MD)":[84],"nbM":[87,104,131,200,213,232,355],"signal":[90],"SN":[93,155],"LC":[95,250,341,370],"were":[96],"used":[97],"as":[98],"proxy":[99],"measures":[100],"neurodegeneration.":[102],"Results":[103],"MD":[105,132,201],"did":[106,162],"not":[107,163],"differ":[108],"between":[109,198],"(\u03b2=0.05,":[114],"95%":[115,143,169,184,217],"CI":[116,144,170,185,218],"[\u22120.27,":[117],"0.37],":[118],"p":[119,147,173,188,221],"=.771),":[120],"finding":[122],"that":[123,228,331,349,392],"was":[124,136,178,206,358],"replicated":[125],"using":[126],"other":[127],"MRI":[128],"metrics.":[129],"Higher":[130],"associated":[137,359],"with":[138,160,181,253,360],"worse":[139,203],"executive":[140,204,241,361,372],"function":[141,205],"(\u03b2=\u22120.22,":[142,168],"[\u22120.39,":[145],"\u22120.05],":[146],"FDR":[148,174,189,222],"=.027),":[149],"controlling":[150],"for":[151,237,414],"LC.":[157],"An":[158],"association":[159,180,256,368],"attention":[161],"survive":[164],"multiple":[165],"comparisons":[166],"correction":[167],"[\u22120.41,":[171],"\u22120.02],":[172],"=.112),":[175],"there":[177],"no":[179],"memory":[182],"(\u03b2=0.08,":[183],"[\u22120.15,":[186],"0.30],":[187],"=.572).":[190],"When":[191],"considering":[192],"both":[193],"groups":[194],"jointly,":[195],"increased":[199],"stronger":[207,255],"than":[210,259,344],"(\u03b2":[212],"*":[214],"Group":[215],"=\u22120.30,":[216],"[\u22120.54,":[219],"\u22120.06],":[220],"=.036).":[223],"Conclusion":[224],"Our":[225],"findings":[226,384],"suggest":[227,391],"early-stage":[230,351],"PD,":[231,244,352,364],"microstructural":[233,356],"changes":[234],"may":[235,273],"account":[236],"variance":[239],"dysfunction":[242,362],"independent":[245,365,407],"effects":[248,335,394],"degeneration,":[251],"controls.":[260],"KEY":[261],"MESSAGES":[262],"What":[263,321],"already":[265],"known":[266],"on":[267],"topic":[269],"Although":[270],"stem,":[274],"at":[275,404],"least":[276,405],"part,":[278],"from":[279],"neurons":[283],"(nbM),":[290],"study":[323,376],"adds":[324],"The":[325],"novelty":[326],"our":[328],"approach":[329],"we":[332],"considered":[333],"nbM,":[338],"SN,":[339],"jointly":[342],"rather":[343],"isolation.":[346],"found":[348],"loss":[353],"integrity":[357],"dysfunction.":[373],"How":[374],"might":[377],"affect":[378],"research,":[379],"practice,":[380],"or":[381],"policy":[382],"These":[383],"have":[385],"important":[386],"clinical":[387],"implications":[388],"because":[389],"they":[390],"noradrenergic":[401],"system":[402],"are":[403],"partially":[406],"therefore":[409],"could":[410],"be":[411],"targeted":[412],"separately":[413],"remediating":[415],"impairments.":[417]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-07-23T00:00:00"}
