{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7169797014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","title":"Neural dynamics of temporal interference stimulation monitoring by soft liquid metal interfaces across neural systems","display_name":"Neural dynamics of temporal interference stimulation monitoring by soft liquid metal interfaces across neural systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7169797014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42477348","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13500842"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-75244-w_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-75244-w_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055383364","display_name":"Enji Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4934-8951","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4934-8951","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3117-7293"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104335","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enji Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082044147","display_name":"Wonjung Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-8097","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-8097"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104335","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wonjung Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-8097","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001372378","display_name":"Yeon\u2010Mi Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-1275","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-1275"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeon-Mi Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078391998","display_name":"Jungsoo Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9400-8324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9400-8324","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-6420"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104335","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungsoo Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031271576","display_name":"Inhea Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-4755","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-4755"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104335","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inhea Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-4755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085136595","display_name":"Jakyoung Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1712-7361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1712-7361","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-0344"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104335","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakyoung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001018340","display_name":"Sanghoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-3370","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-3370"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104335","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanghoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-3370","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hyunjin Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104335","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyunjin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141213042","display_name":"Hyun-Mun Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyun-Mun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["ORGANOIDSCIENCES Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORGANOIDSCIENCES Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133460059","display_name":"Noviana Wulansari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noviana Wulansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["ORGANOIDSCIENCES Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORGANOIDSCIENCES Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103165400","display_name":"Dong\u2010Youn Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2332-9461","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2332-9461"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148737","display_name":"CHA University","ror":"https://ror.org/04yka3j04","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148737","https://openalex.org/I4405258985"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Youn Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea","ORGANOIDSCIENCES Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORGANOIDSCIENCES Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009610739","display_name":"Jang\u2010Ung Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-4958","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-4958","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-7025"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104335","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160791","display_name":"Yonsei University Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/04sze3c15","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210160791"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58716616","display_name":"Korea Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzfa883","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27494661","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I58716616"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jang-Ung Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-4958","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210160791"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jang-ung@yonsei.ac.kr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I58716616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009610739"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966","https://openalex.org/I4210104335","https://openalex.org/I4210160791","https://openalex.org/I58716616"],"apc_list":{"value":6990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6990},"apc_paid":{"value":6990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6990},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42687407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-interference-stimulation","display_name":"temporal interference stimulation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromodulation","display_name":"neuromodulation","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrophysiological-recording","display_name":"electrophysiological recording","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-organoids","display_name":"brain organoids","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mouse-brain","display_name":"mouse brain","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-dynamics","display_name":"neural dynamics","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-connectivity","display_name":"functional connectivity","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-development","display_name":"brain development","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-invasive-neuromodulation","display_name":"non-invasive neuromodulation","score":0.7799999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5616999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.5324000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.51419997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778492893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6557453","display_name":"Liquid metal","level":2,"score":0.4828999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4546999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984127161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q969316","display_name":"Neural activity","level":2,"score":0.41110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986949344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9404","display_name":"Neural system","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2599000036716461}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000099203","descriptor_name":"Neurodevelopment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008670","descriptor_name":"Metals","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-75244-w_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42477348","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42477348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature communications","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13500842","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13500842/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nat Commun","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:20b4aa9a42ab475b83fb9e6150721200","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/20b4aa9a42ab475b83fb9e6150721200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications, Vol 17, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75244-w","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-75244-w_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.504800021648407,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1515443131","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IBS-R026-D1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326441","funder_display_name":"Institute for Basic Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1669782352","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2025-16063568","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1823674659","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00406240","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2881292662","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023R1A2C2006257","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3466732705","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R026-D1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326441","funder_display_name":"Institute for Basic Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3812690899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3896484274","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2025-16063568","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4427362650","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2E33191","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322091","funder_display_name":"Korea Institute of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G530309569","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2025-16063568","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5334485699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2025\u201318362970","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G553671705","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS\u20102024\u201000460364","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6163690397","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2E33190","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322091","funder_display_name":"Korea Institute of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6915355735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IBS-R026-D1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8112925352","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2025-08672969","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8696436936","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00332162","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322014","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322014","display_name":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety","ror":"https://ror.org/01f7dp456"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322091","display_name":"Korea Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzfa883"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326441","display_name":"Institute for Basic Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0zf565"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7169797014.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7169797014.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7165541586","https://openalex.org/W7165545725","https://openalex.org/W7204108167"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411865247","https://openalex.org/W4417467908","https://openalex.org/W4416181452","https://openalex.org/W4410905210","https://openalex.org/W4414383895","https://openalex.org/W4404173803","https://openalex.org/W7169827776","https://openalex.org/W7117354867","https://openalex.org/W4318313692","https://openalex.org/W4407249262"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neuromodulation":[0],"is":[1],"widely":[2],"employed":[3],"to":[4,34,65,69,78,92,116,174],"enhance":[5],"neural":[6,63,73,94,110,114,129,140,172,186],"activity":[7],"and":[8,103,124,142,180],"restore":[9],"impaired":[10],"circuitry,":[11],"yet":[12],"current":[13],"methods":[14],"suffer":[15],"from":[16,75],"invasiveness,":[17],"limited":[18],"depth,":[19],"or":[20],"poor":[21],"spatial":[22,46],"resolution.":[23],"Temporal":[24,150],"interference":[25,40,151],"stimulation":[26,152],"(TIS)":[27],"has":[28],"emerged":[29],"as":[30],"a":[31,59,168],"non-invasive":[32,154],"approach":[33],"modulate":[35],"deep":[36,93,155],"brain":[37,76,156,178],"regions":[38],"via":[39],"of":[41,83,121,146],"high-frequency":[42],"electric":[43],"fields,":[44],"achieving":[45],"selectivity.":[47],"Despite":[48],"its":[49,159],"potential,":[50],"the":[51,84,144,165],"physiological":[52,160],"effects":[53,161],"remain":[54,162],"unexplored.":[55],"Here,":[56,164],"we":[57,107],"present":[58],"customized":[60],"liquid":[61,170],"metal-based":[62],"interface":[64,85,173],"record":[66],"electrophysiological":[67],"responses":[68,118],"TIS":[70,176],"across":[71,119,177],"diverse":[72],"tissues,":[74],"organoids":[77,179],"mouse":[79,181],"brains.":[80],"The":[81],"softness":[82],"minimizes":[86],"invasiveness":[87],"while":[88],"ensuring":[89],"stable":[90],"access":[91],"regions.":[95],"Electrophysiological":[96],"analyses":[97],"reveal":[98],"TIS-induced":[99],"dynamics":[100,141,187],"in":[101,185],"neurodevelopment":[102],"functional":[104],"connectivity.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"investigated":[108],"latent":[109],"dynamics,":[111],"presenting":[112],"population-level":[113],"activity,":[115],"compare":[117],"models":[120],"differing":[122],"complexity":[123],"maturity.":[125],"By":[126],"combining":[127],"soft":[128,169],"interfaces":[130],"with":[131],"multi-scale":[132],"analyses,":[133],"this":[134],"study":[135],"uncovers":[136],"how":[137],"neuromodulation":[138],"shapes":[139],"supports":[143],"development":[145],"future":[147],"therapeutic":[148],"strategies.":[149],"enables":[153],"modulation,":[157],"but":[158],"unclear.":[163],"authors":[166],"developed":[167],"metal":[171],"investigate":[175],"brains,":[182],"revealing":[183],"changes":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-07-21T00:00:00"}
