{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7168036070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","title":"Rheumatic Diseases in the Kingdom of Bahrain","display_name":"Rheumatic Diseases in the Kingdom of Bahrain","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7168036070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rheumatic Diseases in the Arab World","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7168029557","display_name":"Rheumatic Diseases in the Arab World"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106943223","display_name":"Sahar Ahmed Saad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-5031","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-5031"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142938","display_name":"King Hamad University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0538fxe03","country_code":"BH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142938"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Saad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rheumatology Division, King Hamad University Hospital, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-5031","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rheumatology Division, King Hamad University Hospital, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156497485","display_name":"Redha Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799854810","display_name":"Salmaniya Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/04461gd92","country_code":"BH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810","https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Redha Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074264448","display_name":"Saadeya Abdulkarim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4754-2028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4754-2028"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799854810","display_name":"Salmaniya Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/04461gd92","country_code":"BH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810","https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saadeya Abdulkarim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5106943223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142938"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"23","last_page":"40"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13946","display_name":"Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rehabilitation","score":0.6435999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13946","display_name":"Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rehabilitation","score":0.6435999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14186","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Practices","score":0.057999998331069946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.050999999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatic-diseases","display_name":"rheumatic diseases","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatology-practice","display_name":"rheumatology practice","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bahrain","display_name":"Bahrain","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-rheumatology","display_name":"history of rheumatology","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-health-coverage","display_name":"universal health coverage","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-records","display_name":"electronic health records","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatology-education","display_name":"rheumatology education","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arthritis","display_name":"arthritis","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoporosis","display_name":"osteoporosis","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spondyloarthritis","display_name":"spondyloarthritis","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lupus","display_name":"lupus","score":0.8759999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7552000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138147947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183659","display_name":"Declaration","level":2,"score":0.6728000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198451711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327657","display_name":"Rheumatology","level":2,"score":0.651199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5855000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5515999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.48410001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242559","display_name":"Referral","level":2,"score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019806175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11974939","display_name":"Health professionals","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779891985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46994","display_name":"Telemedicine","level":3,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rheumatic Diseases in the Arab World","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-981-92-0967-5_2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rheumatic Diseases in the Arab World","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7168036070.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7168036070.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126778175","https://openalex.org/W2289521290","https://openalex.org/W2317071690","https://openalex.org/W2910190953","https://openalex.org/W3037236296","https://openalex.org/W3042509367","https://openalex.org/W3044050907","https://openalex.org/W3093252727","https://openalex.org/W3116103614","https://openalex.org/W3126890317","https://openalex.org/W3134175354","https://openalex.org/W3162791879","https://openalex.org/W3173689770","https://openalex.org/W4205921159","https://openalex.org/W4214950048","https://openalex.org/W4220772431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7168031861","https://openalex.org/W7168040486","https://openalex.org/W7168016974","https://openalex.org/W4249061774","https://openalex.org/W7168029693","https://openalex.org/W7168024126","https://openalex.org/W7168025595","https://openalex.org/W7168026061","https://openalex.org/W3015426618","https://openalex.org/W7168027844"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,41,65,110],"Kingdom":[2],"of":[3,9,26,59,67,196,218,236,253],"Bahrain":[4,21,104,138],"is":[5],"the":[6,10,23,31,63,74,77,90,94,144,148,193,233,248],"smallest":[7],"member":[8],"Gulf":[11,213],"Cooperation":[12],"Council":[13],"countries.":[14],"Its":[15],"healthcare":[16,87,206],"system":[17,72,92],"began":[18],"in":[19,28,34,103,117,137,143,220,256],"1960.":[20],"adopted":[22],"Universal":[24],"Declaration":[25,33],"Alma-Ata":[27],"1978":[29],"and":[30,49,55,73,81,89,125,159,188,200,215,250],"Astana":[32],"2018,":[35],"aiming":[36],"for":[37,192,224],"universal":[38],"health":[39,60,82],"coverage.":[40],"nation":[42],"prioritizes":[43],"public":[44],"health,":[45],"ensuring":[46],"disease":[47],"prevention":[48],"treatment":[50],"by":[51,107,128,184],"establishing":[52],"various":[53],"hospitals":[54,80],"a":[56,129,164],"comprehensive":[57],"network":[58],"centers":[61,83],"throughout":[62],"country.":[64],"implementation":[66],"an":[68],"Electronic":[69],"Medical":[70,122],"Record":[71],"connectivity":[75],"between":[76],"two":[78],"main":[79],"have":[84],"significantly":[85],"improved":[86],"services":[88,145,187],"referral":[91],"to":[93],"three":[95],"major":[96,238],"tertiary":[97,239],"hospitals.":[98,240],"Until":[99],"1989,":[100],"rheumatology":[101,113,131,135,149,166,226,234,254],"cases":[102],"were":[105],"managed":[106],"orthopedic":[108],"surgeons.":[109],"first":[111],"dedicated":[112],"clinic":[114],"was":[115,126,168],"established":[116],"January":[118],"1990":[119],"at":[120,151,170,232],"Salmaniya":[121],"Complex":[123],"(SMC)":[124],"overseen":[127],"single":[130],"consultant.":[132],"Since":[133,175],"then,":[134],"practice":[136,255],"has":[139,180],"seen":[140],"significant":[141],"advancements":[142],"provided.":[146],"Today,":[147],"unit":[150],"SMC":[152],"boasts":[153],"six":[154],"consultants,":[155],"along":[156],"with":[157],"residents":[158],"chief":[160],"residents.":[161],"In":[162,241],"2011,":[163],"second":[165],"division":[167,179],"inaugurated":[169],"King":[171],"Hamad":[172],"University":[173,214],"Hospital.":[174],"its":[176,186],"inception,":[177],"this":[178,242],"made":[181],"notable":[182],"strides,":[183],"expanding":[185],"introducing":[189],"specialized":[190],"clinics":[191],"early":[194],"detection":[195],"arthritis,":[197],"osteoporosis,":[198],"spondyloarthritis,":[199],"lupus.":[201],"Being":[202],"teaching":[203],"institutions,":[204],"both":[205],"facilities":[207],"host":[208],"undergraduate":[209],"students":[210,229],"from":[211],"Arabian":[212],"Royal":[216],"College":[217],"Surgeons":[219],"Ireland":[221],"medical":[222],"schools":[223],"their":[225],"rotations.":[227],"These":[228],"gain":[230],"experience":[231],"divisions":[235],"these":[237],"chapter,":[243],"we":[244],"delve":[245],"deeper":[246],"into":[247],"evolution":[249],"current":[251],"state":[252],"Bahrain.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2026-07-12T00:00:00"}