{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7167286325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","title":"Synergistic Dual Single-Atom Fe\u2013Co Catalysts Anchored on Covalent Organic Framework/g-C3N4 Heterostructures for Ultrabroadband Artificial Photosynthesis via Solar CO2 Reduction and Hydrogen Evolution","display_name":"Synergistic Dual Single-Atom Fe\u2013Co Catalysts Anchored on Covalent Organic Framework/g-C3N4 Heterostructures for Ultrabroadband Artificial Photosynthesis via Solar CO2 Reduction and Hydrogen Evolution","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7167286325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918830","display_name":"ChemRxiv","issn_l":"2573-2293","issn":["2573-2293"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025775034","display_name":"Martin Ouma Osemba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2045-4746","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2045-4746"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I250207469","display_name":"Mount Kenya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kq7tf63","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I250207469"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Osemba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Natural Sciences","Mount Kenya University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2045-4746","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Natural Sciences","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mount Kenya University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I250207469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001959895","display_name":"Loice Ojwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-6618","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-6618"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285549","display_name":"Taita Taveta University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nbqjt50","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285549"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Loice Ojwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemistry Department","Taita Taveta University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemistry Department","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taita Taveta University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010096103","display_name":"Adri\u00e1n Ch\u00e1vez Huerta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-4478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-4478"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261452","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Zuliano de Investigaciones Tecnol\u00f3gicas (INZIT)","ror":"https://ror.org/05av3zn15","country_code":"VE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261452"]}],"countries":["VE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adri\u00e1n Ch\u00e1vez Huerta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zulian Institute of Technological Research (INZIT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zulian Institute of Technological Research (INZIT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261452"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017253115","display_name":"Godfrey Keru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4879-2196","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4879-2196"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168046917","display_name":"Whitworth University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j9d0s43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168046917"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Godffrey Keru","raw_affiliation_strings":["WhitWorth University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WhitWorth University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168046917"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10078","display_name":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10078","display_name":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11784","display_name":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10024","display_name":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-photosynthesis","display_name":"artificial photosynthesis","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-evolution-reaction","display_name":"hydrogen evolution reaction","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-single-atom-catalysts","display_name":"dual single-atom catalysts","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covalent-organic-frameworks","display_name":"covalent organic frameworks","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/g-c3n4","display_name":"g-C3N4","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-scheme-heterojunction","display_name":"S-scheme heterojunction","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-separation","display_name":"charge separation","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-activation","display_name":"CO2 activation","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-absorption","display_name":"visible light absorption","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-hydrogen","display_name":"green hydrogen","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalytic-stability","display_name":"photocatalyst stability","score":0.675000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.7075999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.6191999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218831","display_name":"Photocatalysis","level":3,"score":0.6057000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108655655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7556699","display_name":"Solar fuel","level":4,"score":0.6049000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202189072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929999","display_name":"Hydrogen production","level":3,"score":0.5425999760627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87803896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654623","display_name":"Artificial photosynthesis","level":4,"score":0.5236999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152365726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048589","display_name":"Density functional theory","level":2,"score":0.49230000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35590869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697332","display_name":"Water splitting","level":4,"score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55904794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82682","display_name":"Redox","level":2,"score":0.46630001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.4424000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205507967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900625","display_name":"Quantum efficiency","level":2,"score":0.4404999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75473681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188651","display_name":"Photochemistry","level":1,"score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4120999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180577832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127920","display_name":"Covalent bond","level":2,"score":0.4097999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.37950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3626999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.3587000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777893391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5178887","display_name":"Covalent organic framework","level":3,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124657808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133068","display_name":"Quantum dot","level":2,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174125647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088891","display_name":"Photocatalytic water splitting","level":5,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22547674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582668","display_name":"Chemical energy","level":2,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135473242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4147614","display_name":"Oxygen evolution","level":4,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104663316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76299","display_name":"Visible spectrum","level":2,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146477669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334631","display_name":"Gibbs free energy","level":2,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779114203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48772760","display_name":"Solar energy conversion","level":3,"score":0.27230000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9682599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11549077","display_name":"Hydrogen fuel","level":3,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138775182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909960","display_name":"Effective nuclear charge","level":3,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778148179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911571","display_name":"Electron donor","level":3,"score":0.25519999861717224}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918830","display_name":"ChemRxiv","issn_l":"2573-2293","issn":["2573-2293"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005609/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918830","display_name":"ChemRxiv","issn_l":"2573-2293","issn":["2573-2293"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9853000044822693},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.75}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7167574841","https://openalex.org/W7168130410","https://openalex.org/W7166861952","https://openalex.org/W7169788096","https://openalex.org/W4408364947","https://openalex.org/W7163828356","https://openalex.org/W4406962148","https://openalex.org/W4390765231","https://openalex.org/W2802807216","https://openalex.org/W4391101394"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,79],"efficient":[1,36,121],"conversion":[2],"of":[3,14,42,127,171,224,232,252,291],"solar":[4,192,206,294],"energy":[5,22,151],"into":[6],"chemical":[7],"fuels":[8,295],"through":[9],"artificial":[10,287],"photosynthesis":[11],"represents":[12],"one":[13],"the":[15,97,115,145,150,182,208],"most":[16],"promising":[17],"approaches":[18],"for":[19,153,284],"mitigating":[20],"global":[21],"shortages":[23],"and":[24,35,52,86,117,130,173,187,229,248,296],"anthropogenic":[25],"CO2":[26,33,154],"emissions.":[27],"Nevertheless,":[28],"simultaneously":[29,292],"achieving":[30],"highly":[31,101],"selective":[32],"photoreduction":[34],"hydrogen":[37,298],"evolution":[38,215,231],"remains":[39],"challenging":[40],"because":[41],"sluggish":[43],"reaction":[44,262],"kinetics,":[45],"limited":[46],"visible-light":[47],"absorption,":[48],"rapid":[49],"charge":[50,108],"recombination,":[51],"insufficient":[53],"active":[54],"sites.":[55],"Herein,":[56],"we":[57],"propose":[58],"a":[59,72,249,281],"novel":[60],"hierarchical":[61],"photocatalyst":[62,211],"comprising":[63],"atomically":[64],"dispersed":[65],"Fe\u2013Co":[66,146],"dual":[67,147,272],"single":[68,88],"atoms":[69,89],"anchored":[70],"on":[71],"covalent":[73],"organic":[74],"framework":[75],"(COF)/g-C3N4":[76],"heterostructure":[77],"(Fe\u2013Co-SA/COF/g-C3N4).":[78],"strong":[80,135],"electronic":[81],"interaction":[82],"between":[83,114],"neighbouring":[84],"Fe":[85,162],"Co":[87],"establishes":[90],"abundant":[91],"asymmetric":[92],"Fe\u2013N4\u2013Co":[93],"catalytic":[94],"motifs,":[95],"while":[96,132],"crystalline":[98,277],"COF":[99,116],"provides":[100,280],"ordered":[102],"\u03c0-conjugated":[103],"pathways":[104],"that":[105,144],"significantly":[106],"accelerate":[107],"transport.":[109],"Simultaneously,":[110],"intimate":[111],"interfacial":[112],"contact":[113],"g-C3N4":[118],"generates":[119],"an":[120,239],"S-scheme":[122],"heterojunction,":[123],"promoting":[124],"directional":[125],"migration":[126],"photogenerated":[128],"electrons":[129],"holes":[131],"preserving":[133],"their":[134],"redox":[136],"potentials.":[137],"Density":[138],"Functional":[139],"Theory":[140],"(DFT)":[141],"calculations":[142],"reveal":[143],"sites":[148],"reduce":[149],"barrier":[152],"activation":[155],"by":[156],"approximately":[157],"45%":[158],"compared":[159],"with":[160,238,264,276,299],"isolated":[161],"sites,":[163],"whereas":[164],"Gibbs":[165],"free-energy":[166],"analysis":[167],"demonstrates":[168,270],"favorable":[169],"adsorption":[170],"*COOH":[172],"*H":[174],"intermediates.":[175],"Artificial":[176],"intelligence-assisted":[177],"catalyst":[178],"optimization":[179],"further":[180],"identifies":[181],"optimal":[183],"Fe/Co":[184],"atomic":[185],"ratio":[186],"coordination":[188],"environment,":[189],"enabling":[190],"ultrabroadband":[191],"harvesting":[193],"extending":[194],"from":[195],"ultraviolet":[196],"to":[197],"near-infrared":[198],"wavelengths":[199],"(300\u20131800":[200],"nm).":[201],"Under":[202],"simulated":[203],"AM":[204],"1.5G":[205],"irradiation,":[207],"optimized":[209],"Fe\u2013Co-SA/COF/g-C3N4":[210],"achieves":[212],"remarkable":[213],"CO":[214],"rates":[216],"exceeding":[217],"1450":[218],"\u03bcmol":[219,226],"g-1":[220,227,235],"h-1,":[221,228,236],"CH4":[222],"production":[223],"165":[225],"H2":[230],"12.4":[233],"mmol":[234],"together":[237],"apparent":[240],"quantum":[241],"efficiency":[242,251],"approaching":[243],"18.6%":[244],"at":[245],"420":[246],"nm":[247],"solar-to-fuel":[250],"2.8%.":[253],"Excellent":[254],"photocatalytic":[255],"stability":[256],"is":[257],"maintained":[258],"over":[259],"ten":[260],"consecutive":[261],"cycles":[263],"negligible":[265],"structural":[266],"degradation.":[267],"This":[268],"work":[269],"how":[271],"single-atom":[273],"engineering":[274],"integrated":[275],"COF/g-C3N4":[278],"heterostructures":[279],"powerful":[282],"strategy":[283],"constructing":[285],"next-generation":[286],"photosynthetic":[288],"systems":[289],"capable":[290],"producing":[293],"green":[297],"exceptional":[300],"efficiency.":[301]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-07-04T00:00:00"}
